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Prevention and Management of Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear

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A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2022) | Viewed by 13876

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Peter Bottenberg

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Guest Editor

Oral Health Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Free University of Brussels), Brussels, Belgium
Interests: dental caries; erosive tooth wear; diagnosis; fluorides; public health dentistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This year, the Journal of Clinical Medicine, in recognition that oral health is an integrative part of health would like to host a Special Issue related to an oral health topic. As dental hard tissue affections are, next to periodontal disease, a problem concerning a large part of the population; dental caries and erosive tooth wear are the subject of this issue. We would like to focus on clinical studies on diagnosis, prevention and therapy, the latter dealing with special risk groups (not yet over-reported ones) and patient-centred approaches.

I hope that you have suitable material that you want to give a publication forum in a journal that only sporadically reports on oral health issues but wants to highlight oral health issues.

If you cannot submit a manuscript yourself, share this information with colleagues and staff members.

JCM is listed in the SCI with an IF in the range of good-quality dental journals.

Prof. Dr. Peter Bottenberg
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Dental caries
Erosive tooth wear
Detection and Diagnosis
Prevention
Epidemiology
Treatment concepts and patient-centered approach

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 597 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Dental Treatments in Caries Management on Stress and Salivary Protein Levels

by Raluca-Paula Vacaru, Andreea Cristiana Didilescu, Ruxandra Sfeatcu, Mihaela Tănase, Aneta Munteanu, Daniela Miricescu, Wendy Esmeralda Kaman and Hendrik Simon Brand

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(15), 4350; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jcm11154350 - 27 Jul 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1522

Abstract

A great burden is put on healthcare systems by dental caries and understanding patients’ treatment needs is of utmost importance. The aim of this pre–post study was to assess dental anxiety and the psychological stress induced by two different types of dental treatment (prophylaxis and cavity preparation), by combining psychometric evaluations with salivary biomarkers, in a group of 28 schoolchildren presenting in a university clinic. Pre- and post-treatment unstimulated whole saliva was collected and levels of cortisol, alpha-amylase (sAA) and total protein content were measured. The State–Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children and the Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale (FBRS) were applied. Statistical analysis was performed using the Stata/IC 16 (StataCorp) programme. All salivary parameters showed strong positive correlations between pre- and post-treatment levels. Post-treatment, salivary cortisol decreased (p = 0.008, paired t-test), sAA did not change significantly (p = 0.572, sign test), while the sAA/cortisol ratio (AOC) increased (p = 0.036, sign test). There were no correlations between state and trait anxiety levels. State anxiety scores registered significantly higher values for children with an FBRS score of 3 compared with a score of 4 (p < 0.001, unpaired t-test). The post-treatment decrease in the salivary cortisol level was higher for prophylaxis compared with the cavity preparation group (p = 0.024, t-test). These results demonstrate that sAA and cortisol levels are altered differently by psychological stress induced by two different types of dental treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Management of Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear)

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10 pages, 579 KiB

Open AccessArticle

3-Year Clinical Performance of a New Pit and Fissure Sealant

by Helen Schill, Peter Gräser, Katharina Bücher, Jan Pfisterer, Yeganeh Khazaei, Lukas Enggist, Reinhard Hickel and Jan Kühnisch

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(13), 3741; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jcm11133741 - 28 Jun 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1435

Abstract

The aim of this 3-year, randomized clinical trial (RCT) in split-mouth design was to explore the clinical survival of a Bis-GMA-free pit and fissure sealant (Helioseal F Plus) in comparison to a control material (Helioseal F). The initial population consisted of 92 adolescents. Follow-ups took place after one year (N = 85), two years (N = 82) and three years (N = 76) after application. At each examination, sealant retention and the presence of caries were recorded. The statistical analysis included the calculation of Kaplan–Meier survival curves, log-rank tests and a Cox proportional hazard regression model. No adverse events were documented. The proportion of completely intact sealants and those with minimal loss was almost identical in both groups, at 84.3% (Helioseal F; 113/134) and 81.7% (Helioseal F Plus; 107/131) after three years of observation. The regression analysis revealed an operator dependency, but no significant differences were found between the materials, the study centers, the chosen isolation technique, patient age or sex. After 3 years, 91.7% and 100.0% of all molars were free of non-cavitated carious lesions or carious cavities, respectively. It can be concluded that the new fissure sealing material can be considered as at least equivalent in terms of survival and retention behavior compared to the predecessor material. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Management of Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear)

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10 pages, 233 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparison of Retention between Conventional and Nanofilled Resin Sealants in a Paediatric Population: A Randomized Clinical Trial

by Vinayak Kamath, Mamata Hebbal, Anil Ankola, Roopali Sankeshwari, Sagar Jalihal, Abhra Choudhury, Mai Soliman and Elzahraa Eldwakhly

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(12), 3276; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jcm11123276 - 08 Jun 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1236

Abstract

Background: This study compared conventional-resin-sealant versus nanofilled-sealant retention at different intervals. Methods: A double-blinded split-mouth randomized control trial was performed on sixty-two children aged from six to nine years. Participants with one pair of contralateral permanent first molars with deep fissures or noncavitated carious lesions were randomly selected for sealant application. Conventional resin sealant was applied on one molar and nanofilled sealant on the contralateral molar. Evaluations were performed at one, three, six, twelve and eighteen months to check for retention. The chi-squared test, McNemar test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Friedman test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Conventional resin sealant showed complete retention in 91.4%, 86.2%, 74.1%, 62.1% and 55.2% of the teeth, and nanofilled sealant showed complete retention in 89.7%, 81%, 77.6%, 69% and 67.2% of the teeth, at the end of 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and 18 months evaluation, respectively. Each sealant exhibited a statistically significant change (p < 0.05) in the retention rate during the evaluation period. However, when both the sealants were compared with each other, there was no statistically significant difference in any phase. At the end of 18 months, caries development was observed in 13.8% of the teeth sealed with conventional sealant, and in 10.3% of the teeth sealed with nanofilled sealant. Conclusion: At eighteen months, the nanofilled resin sealant exhibited complete retention in 12% more teeth than the conventional sealant. However, the difference was not statistically significant. The nanofilled resin sealant yielded an acceptable performance in sealing the occlusal pits and fissures of mandibular permanent first molars, compared to conventional pit-and-fissure sealants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Management of Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear)

7 pages, 422 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Prevalence, Caries, Dental Anxiety and Quality of Life in Children with MIH in Brussels, Belgium

by Tania Vanhée, Julie Poncelet, Shereen Cheikh-Ali and Peter Bottenberg

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(11), 3065; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jcm11113065 - 29 May 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1623

Abstract

Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a dental enamel pathology responsible for unfavorable functional and aesthetic implications. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence, dental anxiety, and quality of life related to oral health in children with MIH. In 14 schools in Brussels, Belgium, 290 children aged 8 to 9.5 answered Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and Child-Oral Impact on Daily Performance (C-OIDP) questionnaires to assess dental anxiety and quality of life related to oral health (OHRQoL). Oral examinations allowed us to detect MIH according to standardized criteria. The MIH prevalence was 18.6%. The Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index (DMFT index) of MIH patients was significantly higher than non-MIH patients (p < 0.001), mainly due to more restored teeth. There was no significant association between MIH and dental anxiety or OHRQoL. Caries in the deciduous dentition was significantly associated with impaired quality of life. The MIH prevalence in Brussels is comparable to other European countries. MIH had no significant impact on dental anxiety and OHRQoL in this sample. The dynamic nature of MIH lesions requires early diagnosis and management to limit the evolution of the severity of the lesions and their implications. It is possible that older age groups may present more symptoms, however, this would require a longitudinal study. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Management of Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear)

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13 pages, 33117 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Agreement of Bioluminescence Measurements and Visual Assessment in Monitoring Occlusal Surfaces of Permanent Teeth

by Anahita Jablonski-Momeni, Boris Jablonski, Monika Heinzel-Gutenbrunner and Heike Korbmacher-Steiner

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(2), 464; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jcm11020464 - 17 Jan 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1573

Abstract

Background: Caries lesion activity is typically assessed by visual–tactile criteria. Regular monitoring is required to detect the transition of lesions and to ensure that the initial assessment was valid. This clinical study aimed to evaluate the agreement of bioluminescence measurements (Calcivis imaging system, Cis) with visual examination to assess caries lesion activity and to monitor occlusal surfaces. Methods: The occlusal surfaces of ninety-one permanent posterior teeth were assessed for the presence or absence of active caries lesions with ICCMS criteria and Cis measurements at three visit times: baseline (t1) and six months (t2) and 12 months (t3) after baseline. Results: At the baseline visit, 70% of the included occlusal sites were assessed visually as active lesions (ICCMS codes 1 and 2). At t3, 64.8% of the sites showed signs of an active lesion. The percentage agreements between the visual and Cis methods were 87.8% (t1), 89.9% (t2) and 88.6% (t3). The corresponding κ-values were 0.71 (95% CI 0.52;0.87), 0.75 (95% CI 0.59;0.89) and 0.77 (95% CI 0.61;0.90), respectively. No significant difference between the visual and bioluminescence systems was found at any visit (p > 0.05). The results based on cluster randomization (generalized estimation equations) showed no significant differences between the visual and Cis findings for all visits (p = 0.108, Wald Χ² with 1 df = 2.587). Conclusion: The bioluminescence system demonstrated substantial agreement for the activity assessment of occlusal lesions compared to the findings obtained by visual assessment over twelve months. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Management of Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear)

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10 pages, 1855 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Long-Term Effectiveness of Treating Dentin Hypersensitivity with Bifluorid 10 and Futurabond U: A Split-Mouth Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

by Marta Mazur, Maciej Jedliński, Artnora Ndokaj, Roman Ardan, Joanna Janiszewska-Olszowska, Gianna Maria Nardi, Livia Ottolenghi and Fabrizio Guerra

J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(10), 2085; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jcm10102085 - 12 May 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2445

Abstract

Background: The definition of dental hypersensitivity is “pain derived from exposed dentin in response to chemical, thermal tactile or osmotic stimuli which cannot be explained as arising from any other dental defect or disease”. One of the treatments proposed is tubular occlusion. The aim of this in vivo split-mouth randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a in-office application of a fluoride varnish (Bifluorid 10) and a bonding resin (Futurabond U) in adults with dentin hypersensitivity. Material and methods: A total of 180 teeth were treated with Bifluorid 10 and 160 with Futurabond U. Outcome measurements were taken one or two weeks before treatment, at baseline at the application days, at 1 week and at 1–6 months after first treatment. Results: Both treatments reduced pain intensity. Bifluorid 10 and Futurabond U have similar efficacy in reducing SCHIFF-measured pain reduction, while Bifluorid 10 is significantly more efficient for VAS-measured pain reduction, mainly due to long-term pain reduction. Patient age has a significant negative influence on pain reduction, while the influence of patient gender and BEWE of the tooth is insignificant. Conclusions: Bifluorid 10 and Futurabond U are effective in the treatment of dental hypersensitivity. The RCT was registered at the US National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov) #NCT04813848. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Management of Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear)

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Review

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23 pages, 2081 KiB

Open AccessReview

Emerging Technologies for Dentin Caries Detection—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

by Christa Serban, Diana Lungeanu, Sergiu-David Bota, Claudia C. Cotca, Meda Lavinia Negrutiu, Virgil-Florin Duma, Cosmin Sinescu and Emanuela Lidia Craciunescu

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(3), 674; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jcm11030674 - 28 Jan 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3005

Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at assessing the diagnostic accuracy of emerging technologies, such as laser fluorescence (LF), transillumination, light-emitting diode devices, optical coherence tomography (OCT), alternating current impedance spectroscopy, fluorescence cameras (FC), photo-thermal radiometry, and modulated luminescence technology. In vivo and in vitro results of such non-ionizing, non-invasive, and non-destructive methods’ effectiveness in non-cavitated dentin caries detection are sometimes ambiguous. Following the PRISMA guidelines, 34 relevant research articles published between 2011–2021 were selected. The risk of bias was assessed with a tool tailored for caries diagnostic studies, and subsequent quantitative uni- and bi-variate meta-analysis was carried out in separate sub-groups according to the investigated surface (occlusal/proximal) and study setting (in vivo/in vitro). In spite of the high heterogeneity across the review groups, in vitro studies on LF and FC proved a good diagnostic ability for the occlusal surface, with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.803 (11 studies) and 0.845 (five studies), respectively. OCT studies reported an outstanding performance with an overall AUC = 0.945 (four studies). Promising technologies, such as OCT or FC VistaProof, still need well-designed and well-powered studies to accrue experimental and clinical data for conclusive medical evidence, especially for the proximal surface. Registration: INPLASY202210097. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Management of Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear)

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