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Marine Environment-Aquaculture Interactions
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Marine Environment-Aquaculture Interactions

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2019) | Viewed by 12096

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Carlos Sanz-Lazaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Ecology, Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES), University of Alicante, PO Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
Interests: aquaculture-environment interactons; coastal pollution; plastic pollution;biogeochemistry; extreme events; ecosystem functioning; climate change; seagrass ecology; ecotoxicology; plastic biodegradation; invasive species; multiple stressors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our world, with a constantly growing human population, has an unbalanced food production system. The great majority of the food produced is land-based, despite water (mainly oceans) occupies more than 70% of the Earth’s surface. Consequently, aquaculture is the fastest growing activity of food production and marine aquaculture is expected to undergo an enormous growth in the next decades. It is necessary that marine aquaculture becomes a more sustainable activity. One of the bottlenecks of aquaculture is the potential environmental drawbacks that can generate. Nevertheless, not all interactions between aquaculture and the environment are necessarily negative. Thus, it is necessary to better understand these interactions, to try to minimize the negative ones while favouring the positive ones. Ideally, these interactions should be contextualized within future scenarios of climate change to promote our preventive and mitigation capacities in this topic.

In this Special Issue, we encourage researchers from different areas of knowledge related with marine environment–aquaculture interactions to contribute with scientific papers that improve our knowledge in this topic and help aquaculture to be a more sustainable activity.

Dr. Carlos Sanz-Lazaro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Sustainability 
  • Integrated multitrophic aquaculture 
  • Pollution 
  • Mitigation 
  • Wild fish 
  • Fisheries 
  • Fish farming 
  • Climate change

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

8 pages, 1391 KiB  
Article
Mollusk Shell Debris Accumulation in the Seabed Derived from Coastal Fish Farming
by Pablo Sanchez-Jerez, Lotte Krüger, Nuria Casado-Coy, Carlos Valle and Carlos Sanz-Lazaro
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(10), 335; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmse7100335 - 25 Sep 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2098
Abstract
Fish farm facilities become colonized by biofouling, and in situ cleaning activities may increase the accumulation of biofouling, mostly shell-hash, on the sediment. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the effect of fish farming on this process. We evaluated the effect [...] Read more.
Fish farm facilities become colonized by biofouling, and in situ cleaning activities may increase the accumulation of biofouling, mostly shell-hash, on the sediment. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the effect of fish farming on this process. We evaluated the effect of fish farming on shell-hash accumulation on sediments in three fish farms in the Western Mediterranean in Spain. On the one hand, coverage of non-degraded shell on the seabed was estimated using an underwater camera attached to a frame of 1 × 1 m. On the other hand, superficial sediment samples were taken by a Van-Veen grab, and from a subsample, shell-hash was sorted at the laboratory, dried, and weighted. A significant increase of shells on sediment was detected under fish farms compared with the other treatments, with average values of 53 g kg-1, and 1.12% of cover. Shell-hash at zones close to the fish farm cages (Zone of Influence located between 40 to 60 m from the closest cage) did not show statistical differences compared to the reference zones, 300–500 m away from the concession limits, but the shell cover showed statistical differences. Fish farming activities produce a local increase in the sedimentation rate of shells under the cages. The derived ecological consequences of this accumulation need to be further studied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Environment-Aquaculture Interactions)
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32 pages, 4941 KiB  
Article
Depth Selection and In Situ Validation for Offshore Mussel Aquaculture in Northeast United States Federal Waters
by Darien Danielle Mizuta and Gary H. Wikfors
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(9), 293; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmse7090293 - 29 Aug 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 5567
Abstract
As mariculture progresses offshore in the US Exclusive Economic Zone, technical and ecological challenges need to be overcome, such as the choice of suitable sites that favor the production of target species. The offshore culture of blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, is performed [...] Read more.
As mariculture progresses offshore in the US Exclusive Economic Zone, technical and ecological challenges need to be overcome, such as the choice of suitable sites that favor the production of target species. The offshore culture of blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, is performed with submerged longlines and mussels need to withstand more motion than on coastal sites. Temperature affects the ability of the byssus to adhere to farming rope, while chlorophyll concentration provides an estimation of food availability. Together, these are important factors in predicting the suitability of offshore mussel farms. To identify suitable depth of submersion for mussel ropes in New England federal waters, historical oceanographic data of temperature and chlorophyll a from 2005 to 2012 were used. The results suggest that mussel ropes were submerged during summer to a minimum depth of 15 m in northern and a 20-m depth in southern areas of New England where temperature is at a species-optimum and phytoplankton biomass is abundant. For the site offshore Massachusetts, in situ biodeposition measurements validated predicted depth, confirming satisfactory mussel performance. Promising local areas have shallow thermoclines, such as offshore Long Island, Cape Ann and New Hampshire. Recommended depths can be adjusted to future temperature increases associated with climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Environment-Aquaculture Interactions)
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17 pages, 5090 KiB  
Article
Harmful Fouling Communities on Fish Farms in the SW Mediterranean Sea: Composition, Growth and Reproductive Periods
by Mar Bosch-Belmar, Agnés Escurriola, Giacomo Milisenda, Verónica L. Fuentes and Stefano Piraino
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(9), 288; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jmse7090288 - 24 Aug 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3874
Abstract
Biological fouling organisms on fish cages represent a major issue and costly factor in marine finfish aquaculture. Cnidarians have been identified as one of the most problematical groups, contributing significantly to the occlusion and structural stress of the cage nets, but also dramatically [...] Read more.
Biological fouling organisms on fish cages represent a major issue and costly factor in marine finfish aquaculture. Cnidarians have been identified as one of the most problematical groups, contributing significantly to the occlusion and structural stress of the cage nets, but also dramatically affecting farmed species health in aquaculture facilities worldwide. Recently, significant relationships were established in different Spanish aquaculture facilities between hydrozoans and juvenile fish affected by gill injuries and mortality episodes. Community composition, growth rate and reproductive potential of biofouling were monitored on fish cages over two seasonal periods of fry cages farming, located in southern Spain (SW Alboran Sea), with a special focus on cnidarians. Biomass and community composition of biofouling changed with time and between studied periods, with a marked seasonality in colonization periods and taxonomic composition, particularly for the colonial hydrozoans. The hydroids Ectopleura larynx and Pennaria disticha were found at the highest densities. P. disticha was responsible for major biomass contribution to total hydroid biomass with the fastest growth rates. In addition, actinulae larvae of E. larynx were identified in zooplankton samples at high densities especially during periods of fry introduction in sea cages (when fish are highly vulnerable). These results corroborate evidence of the detrimental influence of fouling cnidarians in Mediterranean finfish aquaculture due to a direct harmful impact on fish health. Investigations on population dynamics, reproductive biology and envenomation potential of fouling hydrozoans should be regarded as key component of best monitoring practices to ensure good farmed fish welfare, maximization of aquaculture production and overall marine spatial planning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Environment-Aquaculture Interactions)
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