Antimicrobial and Antiviral Strategies

A special issue of Journal of Xenobiotics (ISSN 2039-4713).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 14327

Special Issue Editors

Centre for Engineering Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
Interests: antimicrobial nanoparticles; polymer; material characterization; bioengineering and manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Universidad Europea de Madrid, C: Tajo s/n. Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
Interests: nanoparticles and their applications; rheology, colloidal chemistry, electrical and mechanical properties of nanocomposites; chemical and separation processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Whilst strategies have been devised to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria and reduce antibiotic usage, it has become increasingly clear that airborne transmission also poses a serious risk. The COVID-19 pandemic has taken over 900,000 lives worldwide, with those numbers expected to continue to grow as the beginnings of second waves are being observed in many countries. The COVID-19 victims who made it through following weeks and weeks on anaesthesia and/or hooked to mechanical ventilator machines in hospital ICUs are expected to suffer from post-treatment effects and extensive recovery time. Whilst scientists around the world are racing against the clock in their attempts to develop efficient vaccines to combat the infectious disease, concerns over the lack of available technologies to prevent cross-contaminations and to reduce the transmission rate should not be neglected.

In addition, hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and ventilator-acquired (VAP) infections are diseases that only develop after/during patient hospitalization. The increased rate in HAIs and VAP infections (up to 40%) is also turning into an alarming concern due to cross-contaminations of equipment shared by an increased number of patients and their prolonged stay in hospitals. The countless number of possibilities that the situation can worsen has created an urgent need for fast development in microbial diagnostic methods, antimicrobial and antiviral therapies, along with prevention technologies, such as antimicrobial filters and electrostatic devices. Regardless of whether this research and development is carried out in the pharmaceuticals, biomedical or engineering sectors, they share communal aims, that is, to improve quality of patient care and to save lives.  

This Special Issue on “Antimicrobial and Antiviral Strategies” aims to bring together all possible research ideas and analytical findings to tackle current issues over disease transmissions and treatments.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Applied Sciences.

Dr. Yuen-Ki Cheong
Prof. Dr. Arisbel Cerpa Naranjo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Xenobiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Antimicrobial agents
  • Antiviral agents
  • Multi-drug resistant bacteria
  • Antimicrobial nanoparticles
  • Microbial diagnostic
  • Microbial detection
  • Plasmonic nanoparticles
  • Antimicrobial technology and methodology
  • Natural antimicrobial components
  • Hospital acquired infection (HAI)
  • Ventilator acquired Pneumonia (VAP) infections
  • Coronavirus COVID
  • Biomedical sciences
  • Engineering and technology

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 1254 KiB  
Article
Effect of Silica Based Nanoparticles against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania infantum parasites
by Ioannis Tsamesidis, Evgenia Lymperaki, Chinedu O. Egwu, Georgia K. Pouroutzidou, Konstantina Kazeli, Karine Reybier, Sandra Bourgeade-Delmas, Alexis Valentin and Eleana Kontonasaki
J. Xenobiot. 2021, 11(4), 155-162; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jox11040011 - 16 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2956
Abstract
Malaria and Leishmaniasis are two major parasitic diseases, endemic in large areas of tropical countries with high morbidity and mortality across the world. Nanoparticles in small sizes are specifically considered in medicine due to their ability to enter the cells, control the distribution [...] Read more.
Malaria and Leishmaniasis are two major parasitic diseases, endemic in large areas of tropical countries with high morbidity and mortality across the world. Nanoparticles in small sizes are specifically considered in medicine due to their ability to enter the cells, control the distribution of the administered drug and carry the drug specifically to the place of action. The present study aims to introduce the application of silica nanoparticles as new promising nanotools in malaria and leishmaniasis treatment. Ion doped silica nanomaterials revealed antileishmanial activities indicating the positive role of calcium, magnesium and copper to the surface of the particles against Leishmania parasites. Artemisinin-loaded nanoparticles presented the most promising antiparasitic properties with a sustained release able to overcome the parasite invasion. The sustainable release of artemisinin guarantee both the maintenance of its potential efficacy and also introduce an administration of drug to avoid subsequent drug resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial and Antiviral Strategies)
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Review

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18 pages, 1094 KiB  
Review
Review on Multiple Facets of Drug Resistance: A Rising Challenge in the 21st Century
by Mousumi Saha and Agniswar Sarkar
J. Xenobiot. 2021, 11(4), 197-214; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/jox11040013 - 13 Dec 2021
Cited by 60 | Viewed by 10490
Abstract
With the advancements of science, antibiotics have emerged as an amazing gift to the human and animal healthcare sectors for the treatment of bacterial infections and other diseases. However, the evolution of new bacterial strains, along with excessive use and reckless consumption of [...] Read more.
With the advancements of science, antibiotics have emerged as an amazing gift to the human and animal healthcare sectors for the treatment of bacterial infections and other diseases. However, the evolution of new bacterial strains, along with excessive use and reckless consumption of antibiotics have led to the unfolding of antibiotic resistances to an excessive level. Multidrug resistance is a potential threat worldwide, and is escalating at an extremely high rate. Information related to drug resistance, and its regulation and control are still very little. To interpret the onset of antibiotic resistances, investigation on molecular analysis of resistance genes, their distribution and mechanisms are urgently required. Fine-tuned research and resistance profile regarding ESKAPE pathogen is also necessary along with other multidrug resistant bacteria. In the present scenario, the interaction of bacterial infections with SARS-CoV-2 is also crucial. Tracking and in-silico analysis of various resistance mechanisms or gene/s are crucial for overcoming the problem, and thus, the maintenance of relevant databases and wise use of antibiotics should be promoted. Creating awareness of this critical situation among individuals at every level is important to strengthen the fight against this fast-growing calamity. The review aimed to provide detailed information on antibiotic resistance, its regulatory molecular mechanisms responsible for the resistance, and other relevant information. In this article, we tried to focus on the correlation between antimicrobial resistance and the COVID-19 pandemic. This study will help in developing new interventions, potential approaches, and strategies to handle the complexity of antibiotic resistance and prevent the incidences of life-threatening infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial and Antiviral Strategies)
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