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Marine Drugs
Special Issues
Marine Antiviral Agents with Emphasis on Anti-HIV
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Marine Antiviral Agents with Emphasis on Anti-HIV

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2022) | Viewed by 6396

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Grazia Maria Liuzzi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
Interests: antiretroviral drugs; immune; marine pharmacology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of innovative therapeutic strategies represents a challenge in combating diseases caused by viral pathogens such as HIV. Marine organisms have been recognized as a rich source of bioactive compounds which have revealed uncommon and unique chemical features, not found in the terrestrial environment. These bioactive compounds have shown numerous medicinal activities, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties, and therefore represent a potential source of novel drugs for the treatment of HIV and other infectious diseases. Currently, more than hundred natural products with significant antiviral activity against HIV have been isolated from aqueous or organic extracts of marine organisms and tested as potential anti-HIV drugs. The growing interest in the exploration of the marine environment for compounds with significant pharmacological applications will represent a promising strategy and new trend for modern medicine.

For this Special Issue, we invite scientists to submit reviews and original research articles which describe the chemical and biological properties of marine natural products, highlighting their applications for the development on new antiviral drugs for the treatment of HIV and other infectious diseases. The application of innovative scientific approaches in the extraction, characterization, and testing of novel marine antiviral compounds is welcome.

Dr. Grazia Maria Liuzzi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine organisms
  • marine bioactive compounds
  • infectious diseases
  • antivirals
  • HIV-infection
  • antiretroviral drugs

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 2334 KiB  
Article
Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweed Strandings as Renewable Source for Potential Antivirals against Herpes simplex Virus 1
by Hugo Pliego-Cortés, Kévin Hardouin, Gilles Bedoux, Christel Marty, Stéphane Cérantola, Yolanda Freile-Pelegrín, Daniel Robledo and Nathalie Bourgougnon
Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(2), 116; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/md20020116 - 01 Feb 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3872
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) remains a prominent health concern widespread all over the world. The increasing genital infections by HSV-1 that might facilitate acquisition and transmission of HIV-1, the cumulative evidence that HSV-1 promotes neurodegenerative disorders, and the emergence of drug resistance [...] Read more.
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) remains a prominent health concern widespread all over the world. The increasing genital infections by HSV-1 that might facilitate acquisition and transmission of HIV-1, the cumulative evidence that HSV-1 promotes neurodegenerative disorders, and the emergence of drug resistance signify the need for new antiviral agents. In this study, the in vitro anti-herpetic activity of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) extracted by enzyme or hot water from seaweeds collected in France and Mexico from stranding events, were evaluated. The anti-herpetic activity evaluation of the semi-refined-polysaccharides (sr-SPs) and different ion exchange purified fractions showed a wide range of antiviral activity. Among them, the sr-SPs from the Rhodophyta Halymenia floresii showed stronger activity EC50 0.68 μg/mL with SI 1470, without cytotoxicity. Further, the antiviral activity of the sr-SPs evaluated at different treatment schemes showed a high EC50 of 0.38 μg/mL during the viral adsorption assays when the polysaccharide and the virus were added simultaneously, whilst the protection on Vero cell during the post-infection assay was effective up to 1 h. The chemical composition, FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopic, and molecular weights of the sr-SPs from H. floresii were determined and discussed based on the anti-herpetic activity. The potential utilization of seaweed stranding as a source of antiviral compounds is addressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Antiviral Agents with Emphasis on Anti-HIV)
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20 pages, 3747 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Anti-Orthohantavirus Activity of the High-and Low-Molecular-Weight Fractions of Fucoidan from the Brown Alga Fucus evanescens
by Natalia V. Krylova, Artem S. Silchenko, Anastasia B. Pott, Svetlana P. Ermakova, Olga V. Iunikhina, Anton B. Rasin, Galina G. Kompanets, Galina N. Likhatskaya and Mikhail Y. Shchelkanov
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(10), 577; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/md19100577 - 15 Oct 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 1994
Abstract
The Hantaan orthohantavirus (genovariant Amur–AMRV) is a rodent-borne zoonotic virus; it is the causative agent of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans. The currently limited therapeutic options require the development of effective anti-orthohantavirus drugs. The ability of native fucoidan from Fucus evanescens [...] Read more.
The Hantaan orthohantavirus (genovariant Amur–AMRV) is a rodent-borne zoonotic virus; it is the causative agent of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans. The currently limited therapeutic options require the development of effective anti-orthohantavirus drugs. The ability of native fucoidan from Fucus evanescens (FeF) and its enzymatically prepared high-molecular-weight (FeHMP) and low-molecular-weight (FeLMP) fractions to inhibit different stages of AMRV infection in Vero cells was studied. The structures of derivatives obtained were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We found that fucoidan and its derivatives exhibited significant antiviral activity by affecting the early stages of the AMRV lifecycle, notably virus attachment and penetration. The FeHMP and FeLMP fractions showed the highest anti-adsorption activity by inhibiting AMRV focus formation, with a selective index (SI) > 110; FeF had an SI of ~70. The FeLMP fraction showed a greater virucidal effect compared with FeF and the FeHMP fraction. It was shown by molecular docking that 2O-sulphated fucotetrasaccharide, a main component of the FeLMP fraction, is able to bind with the AMRV envelope glycoproteins Gn/Gc and with integrin β3 to prevent virus–cell interactions. The relatively small size of these sites of interactions explains the higher anti-AMRV activity of the FeLMP fraction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Antiviral Agents with Emphasis on Anti-HIV)
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