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Production, Characterization and Adsorption Studies of Composites...
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Production, Characterization and Adsorption Studies of Composites

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Composites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 6782

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Michal Galamboš

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska Dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
Interests: radiochemistry; nuclear chemistry; inorganic chemistry; material chemistry; radioecology; sorption; sorbent; (radio)toxic metals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The history of sorption and ion-exchange processes starts with the use of natural materials, which properties were discovered coincidentally, and ends with the age of polymer and inorganic or synthetic sorbents specifically made for a particular reason. The specific characteristics of composites prepared mainly from natural or synthetic sorbents or any of their forms, such as porosity, specific sorption area and functional groups, classified these materials as effective sorbents for various applications in environmental management and human health care. However, the utilization rate has attracted increasing attention, due to the availability of input materials and low economic demands of composites preparation. Nowadays, bio-sorbent based composites, with the significantly more efficient sorption properties, are also considered as alternative materials for sorption of pollutants. The applicability of a composite materials for specific pollutants removal depends on the physicochemical properties, surface properties, functional groups etc., based on fact this is important to characterize the morphology and the structure. Basic physicochemical properties include material pH, ion exchange capacity (IEC), specific surface area (SSA), elemental analysis and CHNS content analysis, amongst others. The structure characterization and morphology should be described by commonly used methods such as e.g. SEM, SEM-EDX, TEM, FT-IR, XPS, XRD, TGA, and NMR. Based on all of the above-mentioned facts composites, produced by application-oriented, outcome-based modification or synthesis, are developed as innovative sorbents for the improvement of the environmental quality of contaminated regions, and to decrease the eco-toxic effects of various pollutants.

Prof. Michal Galamboš
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sorption
  • sorbent
  • natural organic sorbent
  • natural inorganic sorbent
  • synthetic sorbent
  • composite
  • bentonite
  • montmorillonite
  • zeolite
  • hydroxyapatite
  • chitosan
  • activated carbon
  • biochar

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 3582 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Biopolymer, Alginate-Chitosan Composite to Adsorb the Heavy Metals, Cd(II) and Pb(II) from Contaminated Effluents
by Mohammed F. Hamza, Nora A. Hamad, Doaa M. Hamad, Mahmoud S. Khalafalla, Adel A.-H. Abdel-Rahman, Ibrahim F. Zeid, Yuezhou Wei, Mahmoud M. Hessien, Amr Fouda and Waheed M. Salem
Materials 2021, 14(9), 2189; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14092189 - 24 Apr 2021
Cited by 53 | Viewed by 3343
Abstract
Efficient removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from contaminated water is considered a fundamental point of view. Synthetic hydrogel biopolymers based on chitosan and alginate (cost-effective and eco-friendly) were successfully designed and characterized by highly efficient removal contaminants. The sorbents are characterized by FTIR, [...] Read more.
Efficient removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from contaminated water is considered a fundamental point of view. Synthetic hydrogel biopolymers based on chitosan and alginate (cost-effective and eco-friendly) were successfully designed and characterized by highly efficient removal contaminants. The sorbents are characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDX, TGA, XPS analyses and textural properties which are qualified by N2 adsorption. The sorption properties are firstly investigated by the effect of pH, sorption isotherms, uptake kinetics, and selectivity from multi-metal solution with equi-molar concentration. The sorbent with 1:3 ratios (of chitosan and alginate respectively) is the most effective for metal removal (i.e., 0.81 mmol Cd g−1 and 0.41 mmol Pb g−1). Langmuir and Sip’s models fitted better the adsorption isotherms compared to the Freundlich model. Uptake kinetics was well fitted by pseudo-first-order rate equation, while the saturation was achieved within 40 min. The sorbent shows good reproducibility through duplicate the experiments with negligible decreasing efficiency (>2.5%). The sorbent was applied for water treatment on samples collected from the industrial area (i.e., 653 and 203 times over the MCL for Cd(II) and Pb(II) respectively according to WHO). The concentration of Cd and Pb was drastically decreased in the effluents as pH increased with removal efficiency up to 99% for both elements at pH 5.8 and SD equivalent 1 g L−1 for 5 h. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Production, Characterization and Adsorption Studies of Composites )
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14 pages, 2028 KiB  
Article
Biochar from Pine Wood, Rice Husks and Iron-Eupatorium Shrubs for Remediation Applications: Surface Characterization and Experimental Tests for Trichloroethylene Removal
by Marta M. Rossi, Ludovica Silvani, Neda Amanat and Marco Petrangeli Papini
Materials 2021, 14(7), 1776; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14071776 - 03 Apr 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2796
Abstract
Nowadays porous materials from organic waste, i.e., Biochar (BC), are receiving increased attention for environmental applications. This study adds information on three BCs that have undergone a number of studies in recent years. A Biochar from pine wood, one from rice husk and [...] Read more.
Nowadays porous materials from organic waste, i.e., Biochar (BC), are receiving increased attention for environmental applications. This study adds information on three BCs that have undergone a number of studies in recent years. A Biochar from pine wood, one from rice husk and one from Eupatorium shrubs enriched with Iron, labelled as PWBC, RHBC and EuFeBC respectively, are evaluated for Trichloroethylene (TCE) removal from aqueous solution. Physical-chemical description is performed by SEM-EDS and BET analysis. The decrease of TCE over time follows a pseudo-second order kinetics with increased removal by the PWBC. Freundlich and Langmuir models well fit equilibrium test data. The optimized values of the maximum adsorbed amount, qmax (mg g−1), follows this order 109.41 PWBC > 30.35 EuFeBC > 21.00 RHBC. Fixed-bed columns are also carried out. Best performance is again achieved by PWBC, which operates for a higher number of pore volume, followed by EuFeBC and RHBC. Continuous testing confirms batch studies and makes it possible to evaluate the workability of materials in configurations closer to reality. Results are promising for potential environmental application. In particular, the characterization of several classes of contaminants opens the doors to possible uses in mixed contamination cases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Production, Characterization and Adsorption Studies of Composites )
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