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Advances in Biological Nanomaterials

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 March 2022) | Viewed by 10135

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Dr. Camelia Ungureanu

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General Chemistry Department, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: medical and pharmaceutical biotechnology; environmental biotechnology; biosynthesis; antimicrobial activity; modeling; antimicrobial coating
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Research on novel materials and advances in biological nanomaterials has grown in recent years, attracting interest from academic and industrial researchers worldwide, particularly in the biomedical applications of nanotechnology, driven by the outstanding benefits that their translation can offer, e.g., enhancement of sensitivity and efficacy and safety of existing diagnostic, treatment, and combination strategies.

In this Special Issue, we expect contributions from a broad community of scientists working on diverse applications of nanotechnology in biology/medicine and interdisciplinary teams focusing on nanotechnology.

In particular, the topics of interest include but are not limited to the safety of novel nanomaterials intended for use on humans.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Camelia Ungureanu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Keywords

Nanocarriers for drug delivery
Multifunctional nanoprobes
Biocompatible and antimicrobial nanomaterials
Diagnostic nanosystems and sensors
Personalized nanomedicines
Nanomaterials safety

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 1823 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Grapevine Plants Management Using Natural Extracts and Phytosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles

by Diana Elena Vizitiu, Daniela Ionela Sardarescu, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu, Liliana Cristina Soare, Camelia Ungureanu, Elena Cocuta Buciumeanu, Ionela Catalina Guta and Letitia Mariana Pandelea

Materials 2022, 15(22), 8188; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15228188 - 18 Nov 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1908

Abstract

Starting from the well-known antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles, the goal of this study is to evaluate the influence of two “green” recipes, namely an alcoholic extract of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott and a dispersion of silver nanoparticles phytosynthesized using the extract on grapevine pathogens. The influence of some grapevine parameters (pith/wood rapport, soluble sugars, starch, total sugars, total water content, length of young shoots, number of grapes) in field experiments was also studied. The study was conducted on four clones (Feteasca alba 97 St., Feteasca neagra 6 St., Feteasca regala 72 St., and Cabernet Sauvignon 131 St.) located in vegetation pots inside a greenhouse. For the phytosynthesis of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) we used a scaled-up technology, allowing us to obtain large quantities of nanoparticles-containing solution. The AgNPs analysis by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the synthesis of spherical and quasi-spherical nanoparticles of 17 nm average diameter and 6.72 nm crystallite size. The field experiments registered different responses of the four clones to the treatment, using both the natural extracts and phytosynthesized nanoparticles solution. Both recipes exhibited a protective effect against the Uncinula necator pathogen. For the treatment using phytosynthesized nanoparticles, significant increases in the pith/wood ratio for white wine clones (Feteasca alba 97 St. and Feteasca regala 72 St.) were observed. The biochemical analyses revealed other significant increases of soluble sugars (red wine clones—Feteasca neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon/second year), starch (Feteasca alba and Cabernet Sauvignon in 2021 for both clones), total sugars (Feteasca alba and Feteasca neagra in 2021 for both clones), and of total water content (Feteasca alba and Feteasca neagra in 2021 for both clones), respectively. The applied treatments also led to an increase of young shoots length and grape numbers for all clones as compared to the control (chemical pesticide), which would suggest a potential biostimulant effect of the recipes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Biological Nanomaterials)

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26 pages, 5038 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characterization and Antitumoral Activity of Biohybrids Based on Turmeric and Silver/Silver Chloride Nanoparticles

by Marcela-Elisabeta Barbinta-Patrascu, Yulia Gorshkova, Camelia Ungureanu, Nicoleta Badea, Gizo Bokuchava, Andrada Lazea-Stoyanova, Mihaela Bacalum, Alexander Zhigunov and Sanja Petrovic

Materials 2021, 14(16), 4726; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14164726 - 21 Aug 2021

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2174

Abstract

The phyto-development of nanomaterials is one of the main challenges for scientists today, as it offers unusual properties and multifunctionality. The originality of our paper lies in the study of new materials based on biomimicking lipid bilayers loaded with chlorophyll, chitosan, and turmeric-generated nano-silver/silver chloride particles. These materials showed a good free radical scavenging capacity between 76.25 and 93.26% (in vitro tested through chemiluminescence method) and a good antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis bacterium (IZ > 10 mm). The anticancer activity of our developed bio-based materials was investigated against two cancer cell lines (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells HT-29, and human liver carcinoma cells HepG2) and compared to one healthy cell line (human fibroblast BJ cell line). Cell viability was evaluated for all prepared materials after a 24 h treatment and was used to select the biohybrid with the highest therapeutic index (TI); additionally, the hemolytic activity of the samples was also evaluated. Finally, we investigated the morphological changes induced by the developed materials against the cell lines studied. Biophysical studies on these materials were done by correlating UV–Vis and FTIR absorption spectroscopy, with XRD, SANS, and SAXS methods, and with information provided by microscopic techniques (AFM, SEM/EDS). In conclusion, these “green” developed hybrid systems are an important alternative in cancer treatment, and against health problems associated with drug-resistant infections. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Biological Nanomaterials)

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21 pages, 3900 KiB

Open AccessArticle

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles Phytosynthesized Using Raphanus sativus L. Waste Extracts

by Camelia Ungureanu, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu, Teodora Costea, Sorin Marius Avramescu, Mirela Florina Călinescu, Raluca Somoghi and Cristian Pirvu

Materials 2021, 14(8), 1845; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14081845 - 08 Apr 2021

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2975

Abstract

The aim of the current paper is the development of phytosynthesized silver nanoparticles mediated by Raphanus sativus L. extracts obtained through two extraction methods (temperature and microwave) and to test their potential application for controlling apple crops pathogens. The phytosynthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. All the materials were evaluated in terms of antioxidant and in vitro antimicrobial activity (against bacteria, molds, and yeast: Escherichia coli ATCC 8738, Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Venturia inaequalis, Podosphaera leucotricha, Fusarium oxysporum ATCC 48112, Penicillium hirsutum ATCC 52323, and Aspergillus niger ATCC 15475). Considering the results obtained in the in vitro assays, formulations based on nanoparticles phytosynthesized using Raphanus sativus L. waste extracts (RS1N) were evaluated as potential antifungal agents for horticultural crops protection, against Venturia inaequalis and Podosphaera leucotricha through in vivo assays. For the DPPH assay, the inhibition (%) varied between 37.06% (for RS1N at 0.8 mg/mL concentration) and 83.72% (for RS1N at 7.2 mg/mL concentration) compared to 19.97% (for RS2N at 0.8 mg/mL) and only 28.91% (for RS2N at 7.2 mg/mL). Similar results were obtained for RS3N (85.42% inhibition at 7.2 mg/mL) compared with RS4N (21.76% inhibition at 7.2 mg/mL). Regarding the ABTS assay, the highest scavenger activity values were recorded for samples RS1N (91.43% at 1.6 mg/mL) and RS3N (96.62% at 1.6 mg/mL). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Biological Nanomaterials)

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Review

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32 pages, 2773 KiB

Open AccessReview

Metallic and Metal Oxides Nanoparticles for Sensing Food Pathogens—An Overview of Recent Findings and Future Prospects

by Camelia Ungureanu, Gratiela Teodora Tihan, Roxana Gabriela Zgârian, Irina Fierascu, Anda Maria Baroi, Silviu Răileanu and Radu Claudiu Fierăscu

Materials 2022, 15(15), 5374; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15155374 - 04 Aug 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2308

Abstract

Nowadays, special importance is given to quality control and food safety. Food quality currently creates significant problems for the industry and implicitly for consumers and society. The effects materialize in economic losses, alterations of the quality and organoleptic properties of the commercial products, and, last but not least, they constitute risk factors for the consumer’s health. In this context, the development of analytical systems for the rapid determination of the sanitary quality of food products by detecting possible pathogenic microorganisms (such as Escherichia coli or Salmonella due to the important digestive disorders that they can cause in many consumers) is of major importance. Using efficient and environmentally friendly detection systems for identification of various pathogens that modify food matrices and turn them into food waste faster will also improve agri-food quality throughout the food chain. This paper reviews the use of metal nanoparticles used to obtain bio nanosensors for the purpose mentioned above. Metallic nanoparticles (Au, Ag, etc.) and their oxides can be synthesized by several methods, such as chemical, physical, physico-chemical, and biological, each bringing advantages and disadvantages in their use for developing nanosensors. In the “green chemistry” approach, a particular importance is given to the metal nanoparticles obtained by phytosynthesis. This method can lead to the development of good quality nanoparticles, at the same time being able to use secondary metabolites from vegetal wastes, as such providing a circular economy character. Considering these aspects, the use of phytosynthesized nanoparticles in other biosensing applications is also presented as a glimpse of their potential, which should be further explored. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Biological Nanomaterials)

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