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Application of Nanoparticles as Biosensors in the Biomedical Field

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2023) | Viewed by 14417

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Taek Lee

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Guest Editor

Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
Interests: biosensors; biomedical devices; nanoparticles; nanobiosensors; biochip; bioelectronics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since 2000, advances in nanotechnology have led the rapid development of biotechnology and health technology. The introduction of a variety of nanomaterials to biosensors and biomedical devices has attracted substantial research efforts, because of the tremendous characteristics, including the physical, chemical, electrical, and electrochemical properties of nanoparticles. In addition to the use of nanoparticles in biosensor- and biomedical-devices, they can improve the sensitivity, selectivity, response time, and biocompatibility.

This Special Issue aims to put together a set of original research papers and review papers representing part of the depth of the current research on the recent advances in biosensor- and biomedical-devices with nanoparticles.

Here, we cordially invite you to contribute original research papers aligned with these themes, so as to advance and improve the state-of-the-art in nanoparticle-based biosensors and biomedical devices that lead the new opportunities, approaches, and solutions to next-generation biomedical application and novel biosensor challenges.

Prof. Taek Lee
Guest Editor

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Keywords

Biosensors
Biomedical devices
Nanoparticles
Nanobiosensor
Biochip
Bioelectronics

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 13571 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Gold-Nanoparticle-Coated Magnetic Beads for ALP-Enzyme-Based Electrochemical Immunosensing in Human Plasma

by Seo-Eun Lee, Se-Eun Jeong, Jae-Sang Hong, Hyungsoon Im, Sei-Young Hwang, Jun Kyun Oh and Seong-Eun Kim

Materials 2022, 15(19), 6875; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15196875 - 03 Oct 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2154

Abstract

A simple and sensitive AuNP-coated magnetic beads (AMB)-based electrochemical biosensor platform was fabricated for bioassay. In this study, AuNP-conjugated magnetic particles were successfully prepared using biotin–streptavidin conjugation. The morphology and structure of the nanocomplex were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and UV–visible spectroscopy. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to investigate the effect of AuNP-MB on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for electrochemical signal enhancement. An ALP-based electrochemical (EC) immunoassay was performed on the developed AuNP-MB complex with indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. Subsequently, the concentration of capture antibodies was well-optimized on the AMB complex via biotin–avidin conjugation. Lastly, the developed AuNP-MB immunoassay platform was verified with extracellular vesicle (EV) detection via immune response by showing the existence of EGFR proteins on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)-derived EVs (10⁸ particle/mL) spiked in human plasma. Therefore, the signal-enhanced ALP-based EC biosensor on AuNP-MB was favorably utilized as an immunoassay platform, revealing the potential application of biosensors in immunoassays in biological environments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Nanoparticles as Biosensors in the Biomedical Field)

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12 pages, 2662 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fabrication of Electrochemical Influenza Virus (H1N1) Biosensor Composed of Multifunctional DNA Four-Way Junction and Molybdenum Disulfide Hybrid Material

by Jeong Ah Park, Jinmyeong Kim, Soo Min Kim, Hiesang Sohn, Chulhwan Park, Tae-Hyung Kim, Jin-Ho Lee, Min-Ho Lee and Taek Lee

Materials 2021, 14(2), 343; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14020343 - 12 Jan 2021

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 2848

Abstract

The outbreak of the influenza virus (H1N1) has symptoms such as coughing, fever, and a sore throat, and due to its high contagious power, it is fatal to humans. To detect H1N1 precisely, the present study proposed an electrochemical biosensor composed of a multifunctional DNA four-way junction (4WJ) and carboxyl molybdenum disulfide (carboxyl-MoS₂) hybrid material. The DNA 4WJ was constructed to have the hemagglutinin aptamer on the head group (recognition part); each of the two arms has four silver ions (signal amplification part), and the tail group has an amine group (anchor). This fabricated multifunctional DNA 4WJ can specifically and selectively bind to hemagglutinin. Moreover, the carboxyl-MoS₂ provides an increase in the sensitivity of this biosensor. Carboxyl-MoS₂ was immobilized using a linker on the electrode, followed by the immobilization of the multifunctional 4WJ on the electrode. The synthesis of carboxyl-MoS₂ was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and the surface of the electrode was confirmed by atomic force microscopy. When H1N1 was placed in the immobilized electrode, the presence of H1N1 was confirmed by electrochemical analysis (cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy). Through selectivity tests, it was also possible to determine whether this sensor responds specifically and selectively to H1N1. We confirmed that the biosensor showed a linear response to H1N1, and that H1N1 could be detected from 100 nM to 10 pM. Finally, clinical tests, in which hemagglutinin was diluted with human serum, showed a similar tendency to those diluted with water. This study showed that the multi-functional DNA 4WJ and carboxyl-MoS₂ hybrid material can be applied to a electrochemical H1N1 biosensor. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Nanoparticles as Biosensors in the Biomedical Field)

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12 pages, 3285 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fabrication of Bioprobe Self-Assembled on Au–Te Nanoworm Structure for SERS Biosensor

by Soo Min Kim, Taek Lee, Yeong-Gyu Gil, Ga Hyeon Kim, Chulhwan Park, Hongje Jang and Junhong Min

Materials 2020, 13(14), 3234; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma13143234 - 21 Jul 2020

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3078

Abstract

In the present study, we propose a novel biosensor platform using a gold-tellurium (Au–Te) nanoworm structure through surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Au–Tenanoworm was synthesized by spontaneous galvanic replacement of sacrificial Te nanorods templated with Au (III) cations under ambient conditions. The fabricated Au–Te nanoworm exhibited an interconnected structure of small spherical nanoparticles and was found to be effective at enhancing Raman scattering. The Au–Te nanoworm-immobilized substrate exhibited the ability to detect thyroxine using an aptamer-tagged DNA three-way junction (3WJ) and glycoprotein 120 (GP120) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) using an antibody. The modified substrates were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The optimal Au–Te nanoworm concentration and immobilization time for the thyroxine biosensor platform were further determined by SERS experimentation. Thus, the present study showed that the Au–Te nanoworm structure could be applied to various biosensor platforms. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Nanoparticles as Biosensors in the Biomedical Field)

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10 pages, 3035 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Heteroleptic Pt(II)-dithiolene-based Colorimetric Chemosensors: Selectivity Control for Hg(II) Ion Sensing

by Hyokyung Jeon, Hwahui Ryu, Inho Nam and Dong-Youn Noh

Materials 2020, 13(6), 1385; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma13061385 - 19 Mar 2020

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1990

Abstract

Hg²⁺ ions can accumulate in the natural environment and in organisms, where they cause damage to the central nervous system. Therefore, the detection of Hg²⁺ ions is essential for monitoring environmental contamination and human health. Herein, we demonstrate a simple method for tuning chemosensor signal ratios that significantly increased chemosensor selectivity for Hg²⁺ detection. Selectivity tuning was accomplished for chemosensors of the type (diphosphine)Pt(dmit), bearing the two different terminal groups 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe) and 1,2-bis[bis(pentafluorophenyl)phosphino]ethane) (dfppe) due to the modulation of specific intermolecular interactions between the dmit ligand and Hg²⁺ ion. The structure exhibited a large pseudo-Stokes shift, which was advantageous for the internal reference signal and for eliminating potential artifacts. Straightforward chain-end manipulation enabled the tuning of chemosensor properties without additional chemical alterations. Based on these findings, we propose a new platform for improving the selectivity and sensitivity of colorimetric cation sensors. The results of this study will facilitate the designing of organic materials whose certain properties can be enhanced through precise control of the materials’ chemical hybridization by simple functional end-group manipulation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Nanoparticles as Biosensors in the Biomedical Field)

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Review

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18 pages, 5391 KiB

Open AccessReview

Recent Advancements in Nanoparticle-Based Optical Biosensors for Circulating Cancer Biomarkers

by Chaima Amri, Arvind Kumar Shukla and Jin-Ho Lee

Materials 2021, 14(6), 1339; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14061339 - 10 Mar 2021

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3436

Abstract

The effectiveness of cancer treatment strongly depends on the early detection of the disease. Currently, the most common diagnostic method, tissue biopsy, takes time and can be damaging to the patient. Circulating cancer biomarkers such as circulating tumor DNA, micro-RNA (miRNA), tumor proteins, exosomes, and circulating tumor cells have repeatedly demonstrated their viability as targets for minimally invasive cancer detection through liquid biopsies. However, among other things, achieving a great sensitivity of detection is still challenging due to the very low concentration of biomarkers in fluid samples. This review will discuss how the recent advances in nanoparticle-based biosensors are overcoming these practical difficulties. This report will be focusing mainly on optical transduction mechanisms of metal nanoparticles (M-NPs), quantum dots (QDs), and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Nanoparticles as Biosensors in the Biomedical Field)

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