Submit to Materials Review for Materials Propose a Special Issue

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser

Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics

Print Special Issue Flyer
Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Published Papers

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 August 2023) | Viewed by 11459

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Sompop Bencharit

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Office of Oral Health Innovation, Department of Reconstructive and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
Interests: digital dentistry; guided implant surgery; structural biology; protein structure; salivary biomarkers; salivary proteomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advancements in dental ceramics allow clinicians to apply ceramics in restorative materials, bone-grafting materials, dental implants, and orthodontic brackets, among other applications. Restorative materials alone have made more advancements in the past few decades than ever before. New ceramic materials and clinical applications alter day-to-day clinical practice as well as present new pathways for other adjunctive materials, such as luting cements, or bonding materials and protocols. Furthermore, restorative ceramic materials have recently been developed for digital fabrication both in dental laboratories and in dental office facilities. Layered and monolithic lithium disilicate, zirconia, and other ceramic materials have become more popular than ever before.

This Special Issue calls for research papers, reviews, and technical articles that apply to material sciences, contemporary techniques, and clinical applications of dental ceramics. We also welcome papers that present new possibilities in dental ceramics. Topics of interest include but are not limited to the following:

Material properties for dental ceramics
In vitro dental ceramic experiments
CAD/CAM applications, intraoral scanning, and one-day dentistry
Abutment tooth preparation
Ceramic digital designs
Bonding techniques associated with dental ceramics
Restorative retrievals
Laser treatment for dental ceramics
Color perceptions and optical properties of dental ceramics
Esthetic aspects of dental ceramics
Biofilm formation and microbial interaction on dental ceramic surfaces
Phase transformation and fracture resistance of dental ceramics
Surface finishing and polishing of dental ceramics
Ceramic applications for dental implant abutments and dental implants
Wear resistance of dental ceramics
Natural tooth wearing as a result of dental ceramics
Finite element analysis of dental ceramic materials
Luting cements used with dental ceramics
3D printing for dental ceramics
Milling machinery and fabrication for dental ceramics
Ceramics used in orthodontics
Bioceramics for bone regeneration and grafting materials

Dr. Sompop Bencharit
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

bioceramics
CAD/CAM dentistry
ceramic technology
dental ceramics
restorative materials

Published Papers (7 papers)

Download All Papers

Research

12 pages, 1575 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of Occlusal Veneers Made of Different Types of Materials Depending on Their Thickness

by Łukasz Czechowski, Beata Dejak, Bartłomiej Konieczny and Michał Krasowski

Materials 2023, 16(17), 6006; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma16176006 - 31 Aug 2023

Viewed by 1175

Abstract

Pathological tooth wear is an escalating social problem. Occlusal veneers can be an alternative to traditional prosthetic restorations such as crowns, inlays, and onlays. Background: The aim of this study is to assess the fracture resistance of occlusal veneers made of various materials depending on their thickness. Methods: In total, 120 occlusal veneers were examined. The restorations were made of four ceramics: leucite LC (IPS Empress Esthetic), hybrid HC (Vita Enamic), lithium disilicate LDC (IPS e.max Press), and zirconium oxide ZOC (Ceramill Zolid HT). A total of 30 veneers were made of each material, 10 for each of the three thicknesses: 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm. The restorations were cemented on identical abutments duplicated from the developed phantom tooth 35 (KaVo) with composite cement (All Bond Universal). The samples prepared in this way were subjected to a compressive strength test in a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis of the results was performed. Results: The average fracture resistance of occlusal veneers made of zirconium oxide ceramic was 1086–1640 N, of lithium disilicate ceramics 456–1044 N, of hybrid ceramics 449–576 N, and of leucite ceramics 257–499 N. Conclusions: Occlusal veneers made of ceramics, zirconium oxide and lithium disilicate, had the highest resistance to fractures. Restorations made of leucite ceramics turned out to be the least resistant to forces. The greater the thickness of the ceramic occlusal veneers, the greater their fracture resistance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 4023 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Influence of Alumina Airborne-Particle Abrasion with Various Sizes of Alumina Particles on the Phase Transformation and Fracture Resistance of Zirconia-Based Dental Ceramics

by Paulina Łagodzińska, Beata Dejak, Michał Krasowski and Bartłomiej Konieczny

Materials 2023, 16(15), 5419; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma16155419 - 02 Aug 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 910

Abstract

The surface of zirconia-based dental ceramic restorations require preparation prior to adhesive cementation. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of airborne-particle abrasion with different sizes of alumina particles (50 μm, 110 μm, or 250 μm) on the mechanical strength of zirconia-based ceramics’ frameworks and on the extent of phase transformations. A fracture resistance test was performed. The central surface of the frameworks was subjected to a load [N]. The identification and quantitative determination of the crystalline phase present in the zirconia specimens was assessed using X-ray diffraction. The Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance was used to establish significance (α = 0.05). The fracture resistance of zirconia-based frameworks significantly increases with an increase in the size of alumina particles used for air abrasion: 715.5 N for 250 μm alumina particles, 661.1 N for 110 μm, 608.7 N for 50 μm and the lowest for the untreated specimens (364.2 N). The X-ray diffraction analysis showed an increase in the monoclinic phase content after air abrasion: 50 μm alumina particles—26%, 110 μm—40%, 250 μm—56%, and no treatment—none. Air abrasion of the zirconia-based dental ceramics’ surface with alumina particles increases the fracture resistance of zirconia copings and the monoclinic phase volume. This increase is strongly related to the alumina particle size. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 7952 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Failure Load and Fatigue Behavior of Monolithic and Bi-Layer Zirconia Fixed Dental Prostheses Bonded to One-Piece Zirconia Implants

by Frank A. Spitznagel, Johanna S. Hoppe, Estevam A. Bonfante, Tiago M. B. Campos, Robert Langner and Petra C. Gierthmuehlen

Materials 2022, 15(23), 8465; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15238465 - 28 Nov 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1187

Abstract

No evidence-based prosthetic treatment concept for 3-unit fixed-dental-prostheses (FDPs) on ceramic implants is currently available. Therefore, the aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the failure load and fatigue behavior of monolithic and bi-layer zirconia FDPs supported by one-piece ceramic implants. Eighty 3-unit FDPs supported by 160 zirconia-implants (ceramic.implant; vitaclinical) were divided into 4 groups (n = 20 each): Group Z-HT: 3Y-TZP monolithic-zirconia (Vita-YZ-HT); Group Z-ST: 4Y-TZP monolithic-zirconia (Vita-YZ-ST); Group FL: 3Y-TZP zirconia (Vita-YZ-HT) with facial-veneer (Vita-VM9); Group RL (Rapid-layer): PICN “table-top” (Vita-Enamic), 3Y-TZP-framework (Vita-YZ-HT). Half of the test samples (n = 10/group) were fatigued in a mouth-motion chewing-simulator (F = 98 N, 1.2 million-cycles) with simultaneous thermocycling (5–55 °C). All specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were afterwards exposed to single-load-to-failure-testing (Z010, Zwick). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, Tukey’s post-hoc tests and two-sample t-tests (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected where appropriate). All specimens withstood fatigue application. While the effect of fatigue was not significant in any group (p = 0.714), the choice of material had a significant effect (p < 0.001). Material FL recorded the highest failure loads, followed by Z-ST, Z-HT and RL, both with and without fatigue application. Taken together, all tested FDP material combinations survived chewing forces that exceeded physiological levels. Bi-Layer FL and monolithic Z-ST showed the highest resilience and might serve as reliable prosthetic reconstruction concepts for 3-unit FDPs on ceramic implants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 3059 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Comparative Study of Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing Techniques for a Zirconia Dental Product: An Analysis of the Manufacturing Accuracy and the Bond Strength of Porcelain to Zirconia

by Joon-Mo Moon, Chang-Sub Jeong, Hee-Jeong Lee, Ji-Myung Bae, Eun-Joo Choi, Sung-Tae Kim, Young-Bum Park and Seung-Han Oh

Materials 2022, 15(15), 5398; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15155398 - 05 Aug 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2381

Abstract

This study was aimed at preparing zirconia samples via additive manufacturing (AM) and subtractive manufacturing (SM) and testing the following aspects: (1) the manufacturing accuracy of the zirconia samples and (2) the bond strength of porcelain to zirconia to evaluate the applicability of the zirconia fabricated by AM in dental clinics. We used three milling machines for SM (AR, K5, and UP) and a 3D printer for AM (AO). The manufacturing accuracy of the zirconia specimen in the internal and marginal areas was evaluated by superimposing techniques to calculate the root mean square (RMS) values. The bond strengths of porcelain to zirconia prepared via SM and AM were measured using a universal testing machine. The internal and marginal RMS values of the zirconia prepared by AM (AO) were within the range of those of the zirconia prepared by SM (AR, K5, and UP). Moreover, the bond strength value of the zirconia prepared by AM (35.12 ± 4.09 MPa) was significantly higher than that of the zirconia prepared by SM (30.26 ± 5.20 MPa). Therefore, AM technology has significant potential for applications in dentistry. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

8 pages, 1498 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Potassium Aluminum Sulfate Application on the Viability of Fibroblasts on a CAD-CAM Feldspathic Ceramic before and after Thermocycling

by Gülce Çakmak, Canan Akay, Mustafa Borga Donmez, Emre Mumcu, Handan Sevim Akan, Rafat Sasany, Samir Abou-Ayash and Burak Yilmaz

Materials 2022, 15(12), 4232; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15124232 - 15 Jun 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1522

Abstract

Potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) is a known adjuvant, which has been used as a mordant in textile industry for color fixation. This material has potential to be incorporated into dentistry for color stability, yet its toxicity first needs to be evaluated. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) on fibroblasts when applied onto feldspathic ceramic before and after thermocycling. Forty-eight feldspathic ceramic specimens were divided into four groups (FC: no alum application or thermocycling; FCT: thermocycling without alum application; FA: alum application without thermocycling; FAT: alum application and thermocycling) (n = 12). Cell viability was assessed by using a tetrazolium salt 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphnyltetrazolium bromide assay at 24 and 72 h, and cell cultures without any ceramic specimens served as control (C). One sample from each material group was further analyzed with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Cell viability at different time intervals within each group was analyzed with Friedman tests, while Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare the test groups within each time interval. Pairwise comparisons were further resolved by using Wilcoxon tests (a = 0.05). C had lower (p = 0.01) and FA had higher (p = 0.019) cell viability after 72 h. After 24 h, the highest cell viability was observed in C (p ≤ 0.036). After 72 h, the differences between C and FA, C and FAT, FC and FA, and FCT and FAT were nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Cell viability was not affected by alum application or thermocycling at any time interval (p ≥ 0.631). EDX analysis showed an increase in potassium concentration in FA and FAT when compared with FC and FCT. Regardless of the time interval, alum application onto feldspathic ceramic and thermocycling did not influence the cell viability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 841 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fractographic and Microhardness Evaluation of All-Ceramic Hot-Pressed and CAD/CAM Restorations after Hydrothermal Aging

by Roxana Diana Vasiliu, Ion-Dragoș Uțu, Lucian Rusu, Adrian Boloș and Liliana Porojan

Materials 2022, 15(11), 3987; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15113987 - 03 Jun 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1289

Abstract

All-ceramic dental restorations have great advantages, such as highly esthetical properties, a less complex fabrication, and a similar abrasion resistance to enamel. Despite these advantages, ceramic materials are more prone to fracture due to their brittle microstructure. The main aim of this in vitro study was to determine the difference in hot-pressed and milled glass-ceramic mechanical properties such as fracture resistance and microhardness (VHN). Four types of ceramics, two hot-pressed and two milled, feldspathic glass-ceramics and zirconia-reinforced glass-ceramics were selected in this study and tested using the static loading test and Vicker’s testing. Hydrothermal aging, consisting of different baths with temperatures between 5 degrees Celsius and 55 degrees Celsius, was chosen as the in vitro aging method. Statistical analyses are performed using SPSS Statistics software at a significance level of p < 0.05. Micro-hardness values decrease after hydrothermal aging. The static loading test reveals a significant difference between the feldspathic hot-pressed glass-ceramic, which fractures at lower forces, and milled zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic, which fractures at greater forces (N). Fractographic analysis of the fractured fragments resulted in the static loading test revealing different surface features about the crack origins and propagations under a stereomicroscope. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 2728 KiB

Open AccessArticle

In Vitro Study of Laser-Assisted Prefabricated Ceramic Crown Debonding as Compared to Traditional Rotary Instrument Removal

by Janina Golob Deeb, Andrew Crowell, Kristen H. Richey, Sompop Bencharit, Caroline K. Carrico, Tiffany L. Williams and Kinga Grzech-Leśniak

Materials 2022, 15(10), 3617; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15103617 - 18 May 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1435

Abstract

This study compared the laser and rotary removals of prefabricated zirconia crowns in primary anterior and permanent posterior teeth. Sixty-two extracted teeth were prepared for prefabricated zirconia crowns cemented with resin-modified glass-ionomer cement. Specimens underwent crown removals by a rotary handpiece, or erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser. Pulpal temperatures, removal times, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examinations were compared. The average crown removal time for rotary and laser methods was 80.9 ± 19.36 s and 353.3 ± 110.6 s, respectively, for anterior primary teeth; and 114.2 ± 32.1 s and 288.5 ± 76.1 s, respectively, for posterior teeth (p < 0.001). The maximum temperature for the rotary and laser groups was 22.2 ± 8.5 °C and 27.7 ± 1.6 °C for anterior teeth, respectively (p < 0.001); and 21.8 ± 0.77 °C and 25.8 ± 0.85 °C for the posterior teeth, respectively (p < 0.001). More open dentinal tubules appeared in the rotary than the laser group. The rotary handpiece removal method may be more efficient than the laser with lower pulpal temperature changes. However, the laser method does not create noticeable tooth or crown structural damage compared to the rotary method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Recent Advancements in Technology and Applications for Dental Ceramics

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Published Papers (7 papers)

Research

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI