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Advances in Development and Processing of Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites
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Advances in Development and Processing of Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Composites".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2022) | Viewed by 7863

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mateusz Barczewski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznan, Poland
Interests: biocomposites; thermoplastics; extrusion; rheology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is currently the most widely used biodegradable polymer with the highest application potential. This trend is not only due to the excellent mechanical properties and high availability but also the possibility of shaping it using high-performance technologies, as in the case of concurrence petrochemical polymers. In recent years, special attention has been paid to the production and development of PLA-based composites with unique properties and high performance, obtained by introducing both particles as well as fiber-shaped fillers with different dimensions, including nano- and micro-sized. On the other hand, the high price decreasing PLA's competitiveness against non-biodegradable engineering polymers caused a significant development of works related to the production of composites reinforced with low-cost waste and natural fillers. This procedure allows reducing the price of final products and enables the achievement of dedicated properties, especially in the case of complex modification processes taking into account the phenomena of migration and nucleation of the polymer matrix.

Topics of the proposed submissions include but are not limited to:

  • high-performance polylactide composites reinforced with organic and inorganic fillers
  • composites based on PLA-containing polymer blends and methods of their compatibilization
  • production of PLA-based composites using waste-based and natural origin fillers
  • the effect of the addition of fillers on comprehensive changes in the structure of the polylactide matrix caused by migration of compounds and interfacial interactions
  • processing and rheology PLA-based composites
  • polymeric nanocomposites based on PLA

Dr. Mateusz Barczewski
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • PLA
  • poly(lactic acid)
  • composite
  • structure-properties relationship
  • processing
  • rheology

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 5060 KiB  
Article
Morphology, Thermo-Mechanical Properties and Biodegradibility of PCL/PLA Blends Reactively Compatibilized by Different Organic Peroxides
by Marta Przybysz-Romatowska, Mateusz Barczewski, Szymon Mania, Agnieszka Tercjak, Józef Haponiuk and Krzysztof Formela
Materials 2021, 14(15), 4205; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14154205 - 28 Jul 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2140
Abstract
Reactive blending is a promising approach for the sustainable development of bio-based polymer blends and composites, which currently is gaining more and more attention. In this paper, biodegradable blends based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were prepared via reactive blending performed [...] Read more.
Reactive blending is a promising approach for the sustainable development of bio-based polymer blends and composites, which currently is gaining more and more attention. In this paper, biodegradable blends based on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were prepared via reactive blending performed in an internal mixer. The PCL and PLA content varied in a ratio of 70/30 and 55/45. Reactive modification of PCL/PLA via liquid organic peroxides (OP) including 0.5 wt.% of tert-butyl cumyl peroxide (BU), 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-(tert-butylperoxy)-hexane (HX), and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (PB) is reported. The materials were characterized by rotational rheometer, atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests and biodegradability tests. It was found that the application of peroxides improves the miscibility between PCL and PLA resulted in enhanced mechanical properties and more uniform morphology. Moreover, it was observed that the biodegradation rate of PCL/PLA blends reactively compatibilized was lower comparing to unmodified samples and strongly dependent on the blend ratio and peroxide structure. The presented results confirmed that reactive blending supported by organic peroxide is a promising approach for tailoring novel biodegradable polymeric systems with controllable biodegradation rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Development and Processing of Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites)
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10 pages, 2962 KiB  
Article
Thermal and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Poly(L-lactic Acid) Biocomposites Containing β-Cyclodextrin/d-Limonene Inclusion Complex
by Monika Dobrzyńska-Mizera, Monika Knitter, Salvatore Mallardo, Maria Cristina Del Barone, Gabriella Santagata and Maria Laura Di Lorenzo
Materials 2021, 14(10), 2569; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14102569 - 15 May 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1948
Abstract
Bio-based composites made of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and β-cyclodextrin/d-limonene inclusion complex (CD-Lim) were prepared by melt extrusion. Encapsulation of volatile d-limonene molecules within β-cyclodextrin cages was proven to be a successful strategy to prevent evaporation during high-temperature processing. However, small [...] Read more.
Bio-based composites made of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and β-cyclodextrin/d-limonene inclusion complex (CD-Lim) were prepared by melt extrusion. Encapsulation of volatile d-limonene molecules within β-cyclodextrin cages was proven to be a successful strategy to prevent evaporation during high-temperature processing. However, small amounts of limonene were released upon processing, resulting in the plasticization of the polymeric matrix. Morphological analysis revealed good dispersion of the filler, which acted as a nucleating agent, favoring the growth of PLLA crystals. The composites′ lowered glass transition temperature upon the addition of CD-Lim was also proved by thermomechanical analysis (DMA). Moreover, DMA revealed constant stiffness of modified materials at room temperature, which is crucial in PLLA-based formulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Development and Processing of Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites)
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21 pages, 11815 KiB  
Article
Development of Toughened Flax Fiber Reinforced Composites. Modification of Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Blends by Reactive Extrusion Process
by Jacek Andrzejewski and Michał Nowakowski
Materials 2021, 14(6), 1523; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14061523 - 20 Mar 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2689
Abstract
The presented study focuses on the development of flax fiber (FF) reinforced composites prepared with the use of poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)—PLA/PBAT blend system. This type of modification was aimed to increase impact properties of PLA-based composites, which are usually characterized by high brittleness. [...] Read more.
The presented study focuses on the development of flax fiber (FF) reinforced composites prepared with the use of poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)—PLA/PBAT blend system. This type of modification was aimed to increase impact properties of PLA-based composites, which are usually characterized by high brittleness. The PLA/PBAT blends preparation was carried out using melt blending technique, while part of the samples was prepared by reactive extrusion process with the addition of chain extender (CE) in the form of epoxy-functionalized oligomer. The properties of unreinforced blends was evaluated using injection molded samples. The composite samples were prepared by compression molding technique, while flax fibers reinforcement was in the form of plain fabric. The properties of the laminated sheets were investigated during mechanical test measurements (tensile, flexural, impact). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was used to determine the thermal properties, while dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and heat deflection temperature (HDT) measurements were conducted in order to measure the thermomechanical properties. Research procedure was supplemented with structure evaluation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The comparative study reveals that the properties of PLA/PBAT-based composites were more favorable, especially in the context of impact resistance improvement. However, for CE modified samples also the modulus and strength was improved. Structural observations after the impact tests confirmed the presence of the plastic deformation of PLA/PBAT matrix, which confirmed the favorable properties of the developed materials. The use of PBAT phase as the impact modifier strongly reduced the PLA brittleness, while the reactive extrusion process improves the fiber-matrix interactions leading to higher stiffness and strength. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Development and Processing of Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites)
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12 pages, 1603 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Sub-Zero Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Polylactide-Based Composites
by Olga Mysiukiewicz, Mateusz Barczewski and Arkadiusz Kloziński
Materials 2020, 13(24), 5789; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma13245789 - 18 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1607
Abstract
Polylactide-based composites filled with waste fillers due to their sustainability are a subject of many current papers, in which their structural, mechanical, and thermal properties are evaluated. However, few studies focus on their behavior in low temperatures. In this paper, dynamic and quasi-static [...] Read more.
Polylactide-based composites filled with waste fillers due to their sustainability are a subject of many current papers, in which their structural, mechanical, and thermal properties are evaluated. However, few studies focus on their behavior in low temperatures. In this paper, dynamic and quasi-static mechanical properties of polylactide-based composites filled with 10 wt% of linseed cake (a by-product of mechanical oil extraction from linseed) were evaluated at room temperature and at −40 °C by means of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Charpy’s impact strength test and uniaxial tensile test. It was found that the effect of plasticization provided by the oil contained in the filler at room temperature is significantly reduced in sub-zero conditions due to solidification of the oil around −18 °C, as it was shown by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and DMA, but the overall mechanical performance of the polylactide-based composites was sufficient to enable their use in low-temperature applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Development and Processing of Poly(Lactic Acid) Composites)
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