Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
5.2
3.4
Journals
Materials
Special Issues
Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences
materials-logo
Submit to Materials Review for Materials Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

► Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser
share announcement

Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2022) | Viewed by 34333

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Josephine F. Esquivel-Upshaw

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Interests: ceramics; implants; wear; corrosion; thin-film coatings

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The practice of dentistry has evolved dramatically over the last decade. This is due in large part to the advancement in restorative materials that enable different approaches to the treatment of a disease. From different implant materials to regenerative therapeutic agents, the treatment modalities have changed with time. The main thrust of these restorative dental materials has been the preservation of existing tooth structure with minimal intervention, along with materials that closely resemble tooth structure with their physical properties and esthetics. In this regard, “smart” materials, time-released filling materials, and nanoparticle filled materials are gaining popularity. In addition, advances in engineering have propelled the fabrication of restorations to achieve faster, convenient, and more accessible treatment. Methods of fabrication have also seen huge technological advancement with the evolution of digital dentistry in the form of milled and printed restorations. In this issue, we would like to showcase the advanced materials that are being applied or developed to enhance dental restorations to move the practice of dentistry into the 22nd century.

I invite you to submit research papers, short communications, or systematic reviews related with the topics of this Special Issue. Original contributions can range from a scientific basis to experimental studies, and clinical applications of advanced materials used for restorative dental applications.

Prof. Dr. Josephine F. Esquivel-Upshaw
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymers
  • ceramics
  • nanoparticle
  • nanostructure
  • machine milled
  • 3d printed

Published Papers (16 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

11 pages, 3968 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Biomechanical Stability of Teeth Tissue According to Crown Materials: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis
by Youngjae Yoon, Myung-Jin Lee, Inyeong Kang and Sanghwan Oh
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4756; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma16134756 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 923
Abstract
The biomechanical effects of dental tissue according to various dental crown materials were investigated using finite element analysis. Bone, prepared tooth, root canal, and periodontal ligament were modeled based on computed tomography. Depending on the characteristics of the crown material, it was classified [...] Read more.
The biomechanical effects of dental tissue according to various dental crown materials were investigated using finite element analysis. Bone, prepared tooth, root canal, and periodontal ligament were modeled based on computed tomography. Depending on the characteristics of the crown material, it was classified into zirconia, hybrid ceramic, gold alloy, and acrylic resin. A loading force of 200 N was applied in the vertical direction to the occlusal surface of the crown, and analysis was performed under the condition that all interfaces were tied. The results demonstrate that the highest von Mises stress was shown in the prepared tooth of the acrylic resin model, which is a temporary prosthesis, and the pulpal pressure was also the highest. Additionally, among the final prosthesis, the highest stress was shown in the hybrid ceramic model prepared teeth. The properties of restoration materials can be a factor influencing the tooth structure. Thus, in order to make a correct decision when selecting a material for restorative treatment, it is necessary to understand, analyze, and evaluate the properties of these restoration materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 2576 KiB  
Article
Fracture of Lithia Disilicate Ceramics under Different Environmental Conditions
by Josephine F. Esquivel-Upshaw, Shu-Min Hsu, Fan Ren, Jenna Stephany, Xinyi Xia, Chan-Wen Chiu, Dan Neal and John J. Mecholsky, Jr.
Materials 2022, 15(15), 5261; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15155261 - 29 Jul 2022
Viewed by 938
Abstract
The objective of this research was to quantify the effect of surface degradation and abrasion separately and in combination on the flexural strength of lithia disilicate ceramics. Lithia disilicate disks were fabricated using the lost wax technique and pressing in vacuum. The eight [...] Read more.
The objective of this research was to quantify the effect of surface degradation and abrasion separately and in combination on the flexural strength of lithia disilicate ceramics. Lithia disilicate disks were fabricated using the lost wax technique and pressing in vacuum. The eight groups in this pilot experiment were (i) reference, hydrated in distilled water for 24 h prior to fracture; (ii) reference, non-hydrated group; (iii) 28-day pH cycling group; (iv) 125K chewing cycle group; (v) combined pH cycling + 125K chewing cycle; (vi) constant pH 2 solution for 28 days; (vii) constant pH 7 solution for 28 days; and (viii) constant pH 10 solution for 28 days. pH cycling is a method that alternates between pH 2, 7 and 10 over 28 days. A total of 15 disks were used for each group. All the groups were tested using the biaxial piston and a three-ball flexural strength test to obtain their biaxial flexural strength. pH 2 constant immersion demonstrated the highest fracture strength and was significantly greater than all other groups (p < 0.0001). Chewing and pH cycling + chewing groups exhibited the lowest fracture strengths and were significantly lower than all other groups (p < 0.0001). The damage observed from the chewing simulator does not represent apparent clinical fractures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 2431 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Thermal-Induced Changes in Molecular Order on Photopolymerization and Performance Properties of a Nematic Liquid-Crystal Diacrylate
by Qian Wang, Stephen T. Wellinghoff and Henry Ralph Rawls
Materials 2022, 15(13), 4605; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15134605 - 30 Jun 2022
Viewed by 1088
Abstract
Polymerization shrinkage and associated stresses are the main reasons for dental restorative failure. We developed a series of liquid crystal diacrylates and dimethacrylates which have markedly low polymerization shrinkage. In order to fully understand the effects of temperature-induced changes of molecular order on [...] Read more.
Polymerization shrinkage and associated stresses are the main reasons for dental restorative failure. We developed a series of liquid crystal diacrylates and dimethacrylates which have markedly low polymerization shrinkage. In order to fully understand the effects of temperature-induced changes of molecular order on the photopolymerization process and performance properties of the generated polymers, the photopolymerization of a difunctional acrylate, 2-t-butyl-1,4-phenylene bis (4-(6-(acryloyloxy)hexyloxy)benzoate), which exists in the nematic liquid crystalline phase at room temperature, was investigated as a function of photopolymerization temperature over the nematic to isotropic range. Morphological studies suggested that a mesogenic phase was immediately formed in the polymer even if polymerization in thin films occurred above the nematic-to-isotropic (N→I) transition temperature of the monomer (Tn-i = 45.8 °C). Dynamic mechanical analysis of 2 × 2 mm cross-section bar samples polymerized at 60 °C showed reduced elastic moduli, increased glass transition temperature and formation of a more crosslinked network, in comparison to polymers formed at lower polymerization temperatures. Fractography analysis showed that polymers generated from the nematic liquid crystalline phase underwent a different fracture pattern in comparison to those generated from the isotropic phase. Volumetric shrinkage (2.2%) found in polymer polymerized from the nematic liquid crystalline phase at room temperature was substantially less than the 6.0% observed in polymer polymerized from an initial isotropic phase at 60 °C, indicating that an organized monomer can greatly contribute to reducing cure shrinkage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 3228 KiB  
Article
Wear of Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network Materials against Enamel
by Jumpei Tokunaga, Hiroshi Ikeda, Yuki Nagamatsu, Shuji Awano and Hiroshi Shimizu
Materials 2022, 15(7), 2435; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15072435 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2557
Abstract
Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network materials (PICNs) have high mechanical compatibility with human enamel. However, the wear properties of PICN against natural human enamel have not yet been clarified. We investigated the in vitro two-body wear behaviors of PICNs and an enamel antagonist. Two PICNs [...] Read more.
Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network materials (PICNs) have high mechanical compatibility with human enamel. However, the wear properties of PICN against natural human enamel have not yet been clarified. We investigated the in vitro two-body wear behaviors of PICNs and an enamel antagonist. Two PICNs were used: Experimental PICN (EXP) prepared via the infiltration of methacrylate-based resin into the porous silica ceramic network and commercial Vita Enamic (ENA). Two commercial dental ceramics, lithium disilicate glass (LDS) and zirconia (ZIR), were also characterized, and their wear performance was compared to PICNs. The samples were subjected to Vickers hardness tests and two-body wear tests that involve the samples being cyclically impacted by enamel antagonists underwater at 37 °C. The results reveal that the Vickers hardness of EXP (301 ± 36) was closest to that of enamel (317 ± 17). The volumetric wear losses of EXP and ENA were similar to those of LDS but higher than that of zirconia. The volumetric wear loss of the enamel antagonist impacted against EXP was moderate among the examined samples. These results suggest that EXP has wear behavior similar to that of enamel. Therefore, PICNs are mechanically comparable to enamel in terms of hardness and wear and are excellent tooth-restoration materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 27422 KiB  
Article
Fracture Strength and Failure Modes of Endodontically Treated Premolars Restored with Compact and Hollow Composite Posts Subjected to Cyclic Fatigue
by Vito Gallicchio, Vincenzo Lodato, Roberto De Santis and Sandro Rengo
Materials 2022, 15(3), 1141; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15031141 - 01 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1535
Abstract
Physical and mechanical properties of continuous carbon or glass fiber reinforced endodontic posts are relevant to increase the retention and resistance of the tooth-restoration system. Hollow posts have been recently designed for delivering the luting cement through the post hole, thus enhancing the [...] Read more.
Physical and mechanical properties of continuous carbon or glass fiber reinforced endodontic posts are relevant to increase the retention and resistance of the tooth-restoration system. Hollow posts have been recently designed for delivering the luting cement through the post hole, thus enhancing the post-dentin interface by reducing the risk of air bubbles formation. Methods: Three type of endodontic posts, a carbon fiber hollow post, a glass fiber hollow post and a compact glass fiber post were investigated. Mechanical properties of these posts were assessed through bending tests. Teeth were subjected to fatigue cycling and the strength of restored teeth was detected through static tests. Failure modes were investigated through optical and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that composite posts increase the mechanical stability by more than 100% compared to premolars restored with particulate composite. Carbon fiber posts retain the highest strength (1467 N ± 304 N) among the investigated post and core restoration, but an unfavorable type of fracture has been observed, preventing the tooth re-treatment. Instead, more compliant posts (i.e., glass fiber reinforced composite, providing a strength of 1336 N ± 221 N), show a favorable mode of fracture that allows the re-treatment of teeth in the case that failure occurs. Glass fiber hollow posts show a good trade-off between strength and a favorable type of fracture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 1481 KiB  
Article
Survival and Success Rates of Monolithic Zirconia Restorations Supported by Teeth and Implants in Bruxer versus Non-Bruxer Patients: A Retrospective Study
by Hadas Heller, David Sreter, Adi Arieli, Ilan Beitlitum, Raphael Pilo and Shifra Levartovsky
Materials 2022, 15(3), 833; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma15030833 - 22 Jan 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2998
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess retrospectively the survival and success rates of monolithic zirconia restorations supported by teeth and implants in bruxer versus non-bruxer patients. Methods: A total of 15 bruxer and 25 non-bruxer patients attended the recall appointment. The [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to assess retrospectively the survival and success rates of monolithic zirconia restorations supported by teeth and implants in bruxer versus non-bruxer patients. Methods: A total of 15 bruxer and 25 non-bruxer patients attended the recall appointment. The bruxer group (mean age of 61.2 ± 13.3 years and follow-up of 58.7 ± 16.8 months) were treated with 331 monolithic zirconia restorations, while the non-bruxer group, with a comparable mean age and follow-up time, were treated with 306 monolithic zirconia restorations. Clinical data were retrieved from the patients’ files. At the recall appointment, all supporting teeth and implants were examined for biological and technical complications, and the restorations were evaluated using modified California Dental Association (CDA) criteria. Data were statistically analyzed using survival analysis methods. A significance level of p < 0.05 was used. A total of 31 versus 27 biologic and technical complications were recorded in the bruxer and non-bruxer groups, respectively. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding overall complications and survival rate. Regarding the type of complication, a significantly higher rate of veneered porcelain chipping (p = 0.045) was observed in the bruxer group. With regard to biological complications, the only complications that exhibited a borderline, although not significant, difference were three fractured teeth exclusively in the bruxer group (p = 0.051), which were replaced with implant-supported restorations. Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that there were no significant differences in the overall survival and success rates of the monolithic zirconia restorations in bruxer versus non-bruxer patients, although veneered zirconia restorations and single tooth abutments exhibited a higher rate of complications in the bruxer group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 105485 KiB  
Article
Effect of Simultaneous Sintering of Bioglass to a Zirconia Core on Properties and Bond Strength
by Noha Abdel Mawla El-Wassefy, Mutlu Özcan and Shaimaa Ahmed Abo El-Farag
Materials 2021, 14(23), 7107; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14237107 - 23 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1399
Abstract
This study aimed to assess bioglass sintering to a zirconia core on surface properties and bonding strength to resin cement. Zirconia specimens were divided into four groups: G I: sintered; G II: bioglass modified zirconia (a bioglass slurry was sintered with zirconia at [...] Read more.
This study aimed to assess bioglass sintering to a zirconia core on surface properties and bonding strength to resin cement. Zirconia specimens were divided into four groups: G I: sintered; G II: bioglass modified zirconia (a bioglass slurry was sintered with zirconia at 1550 °C); G III: sandblasted using 50 μm Al2O3 particles; and G IV: Z-prime plus application. Surface morphology and chemical analysis were studied using a scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Surface roughness was evaluated using a profilometer. Surface hardness was measured using an indentation tester. For the microshear bond strength test, resin cement cylinders were bonded to a zirconia surface. Half of the specimens were tested after 24 h; the other half were thermocycled (5–55 °C) for 1000 cycles. A shearing load was applied at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min on a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed with ANOVA using SPSS software at (p < 0.05). Results: tThe mean surface roughness of G II was significantly higher than G I and G III. The microhardness of G II was significantly lower than all groups. For bond strength, there was no significant difference between groups II, III, and IV after thermocycling. Conclusions: Bioactive glass can increase the bond strength of zirconia to resin cement, and is comparable to sandblasting and Z-prime bonding agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 2899 KiB  
Article
Effect of the Degree of Conversion on Mechanical Properties and Monomer Elution from Self-, Dual- and Light-Cured Core Composites
by Branislava Petronijevic Sarcev, Sebastian Balos, Dubravka Markovic, Ivan Sarcev, Marija Vukcevic, Danka Labus Zlatanovic and Vesna Miletic
Materials 2021, 14(19), 5642; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14195642 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1553
Abstract
The objective of this work was to measure and correlate the degree of conversion (DC), mechanical properties and monomer elution from self-, dual- and light-cured core composites. Five samples of each of the following materials were prepared for each test: Clearfil (Core, Photo [...] Read more.
The objective of this work was to measure and correlate the degree of conversion (DC), mechanical properties and monomer elution from self-, dual- and light-cured core composites. Five samples of each of the following materials were prepared for each test: Clearfil (Core, Photo Core, Automix), Bisco (Core-Flo, Light-Core and Bis-Core). DC was determined using FTIR, compressive and flexural strength and modulus of elasticity using a universal testing machine and microhardness using Vickers hardness. Elution was measured using HPLC. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test and Pearson’s correlation were used to statistically analyze the data. DC of Clearfil-Dual (70.1%) and Clerafil-Photo (66.8%) were higher than Clearfil-Self (55.4%) and all Bisco materials (51.4–55.3%). Flexural strength of Clearfilwas higher than that of Bisco composites. The Microhardness of Clearfil-Dual (119.8VHN) and Clearfil-Photo (118.0VHN) were higher compared to other materials. The greatest elution was detected from self-cured materials. DC positively correlated to microhardness and compressive/flexural strength and negatively to BisGMA elution. Clearfil-Photo and Automix showed higher conversion, lower monomer elution and, generally, better mechanical properties. Self-cured composites should not be recommended for routine clinical use as their performance was inferior to dual- and light-cured composites. Microhardness may be used as an indicator of elution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 4923 KiB  
Article
Incorporation of Arginine to Commercial Orthodontic Light-Cured Resin Cements—Physical, Adhesive, and Antibacterial Properties
by Saulo Geraldeli, Lucas de Almeida Maia Carvalho, Isaac Jordão de Souza Araújo, Maurício Bottene Guarda, Marcelle M. Nascimento, Marcus Vinícius Loureiro Bertolo, Paolo Túlio Di Nizo, Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti and V. Wallace McCarlie, Jr.
Materials 2021, 14(16), 4391; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14164391 - 05 Aug 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2010
Abstract
(1) Background: The amino acid arginine is now receiving great attention due to its potential anti-caries benefits. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and antimicrobial potential (CFU) of two arginine-containing [...] Read more.
(1) Background: The amino acid arginine is now receiving great attention due to its potential anti-caries benefits. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and antimicrobial potential (CFU) of two arginine-containing orthodontic resin cements. (2) Methods: Forty bovine incisors were separated into four groups (n = 10): Orthocem, Orthocem + arginine (2.5 wt%), Transbond XT, and Transbond XT + arginine (2.5 wt%). The brackets were fixed to the flat surface of the enamel, and after 24 h the SBS was evaluated using the universal testing machine (Instron). For the UTS test, hourglass samples (n = 10) were made and tested in a mini-testing machine (OM-100, Odeme). For the antibacterial test (colony forming unit-CFU), six cement discs from each group were made and exposed to Streptococcus mutans UA159 biofilm for 7 days. The microbiological experiment was performed by serial and triplicate dilutions. The data from each test were statistically analyzed using a two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). (3) Results: The enamel SBS mean values of Transbond XT were statistically higher than those of Orthocem, both with and without arginine (p = 0.02033). There was no significant difference in the SBS mean values between the orthodontic resin cements, either with or without arginine (p = 0.29869). The UTS of the Transbond XT was statistically higher than the Orthocem, but the addition of arginine at 2.5 wt% did not influence the UTS for either resin cement. The Orthocem + arginine orthodontic resin cement was able to significantly reduce S. mutans growth, but no difference was observed for the Transbond XT (p = 0.03439). (4) Conclusion: The incorporation of arginine to commercial orthodontic resin cements may be an efficient preventive strategy to reduce bacterial growth without compromising their adhesive and mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 3967 KiB  
Article
Nanostructured Surfaces to Promote Osteoblast Proliferation and Minimize Bacterial Adhesion on Titanium
by Samira Esteves Afonso Camargo, Xinyi Xia, Chaker Fares, Fan Ren, Shu-Min Hsu, Dragos Budei, Chairmandurai Aravindraja, Lakshmyya Kesavalu and Josephine F. Esquivel-Upshaw
Materials 2021, 14(16), 4357; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14164357 - 04 Aug 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2838
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of titanium nanotubes to promote the proliferation of human osteoblasts and to reduce monomicrobial biofilm adhesion. A secondary objective was to determine the effect of silicon carbide (SiC) on these nanostructured surfaces. Anodized [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of titanium nanotubes to promote the proliferation of human osteoblasts and to reduce monomicrobial biofilm adhesion. A secondary objective was to determine the effect of silicon carbide (SiC) on these nanostructured surfaces. Anodized titanium sheets with 100–150 nm nanotubes were either coated or not coated with SiC. After 24 h of osteoblast cultivation on the samples, cells were observed on all titanium sheets by SEM. In addition, the cytotoxicity was evaluated by CellTiter-BlueCell assay after 1, 3, and 7 days. The samples were also cultivated in culture medium with microorganisms incubated anaerobically with respective predominant periodontal bacteria viz. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia as monoinfection at 37 °C for 30 days. The biofilm adhesion and coverage were evaluated through surface observation using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate that Ti nanostructured surfaces induced more cell proliferation after seven days. All groups presented no cytotoxic effects on human osteoblasts. In addition, SEM images illustrate that Ti nanostructured surfaces exhibited lower biofilm coverage compared to the reference samples. These results indicate that Ti nanotubes promoted osteoblasts proliferation and induced cell proliferation on the surface, compared with the controls. Ti nanotubes also reduced biofilm adhesion on titanium implant surfaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 2076 KiB  
Article
Qualitative Analysis of Remineralization Capabilities of Bioactive Glass (NovaMin) and Fluoride on Hydroxyapatite (HA) Discs: An In Vitro Study
by Shu-Min Hsu, Muhammad Alsafadi, Christina Vasconez, Chaker Fares, Valentin Craciun, Edgar O’Neill, Fan Ren, Arthur Clark and Josephine Esquivel-Upshaw
Materials 2021, 14(14), 3813; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14143813 - 08 Jul 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3140
Abstract
Tooth decay is a prevalent disease that initiates when the oral pH becomes acidic. Fluoride and/or bioactive glass (NovaMin) were used to regenerate/repair teeth that had been decalcified. In this present study, we investigated the effect of fluoride and/or bioactive glass (NovaMin) on [...] Read more.
Tooth decay is a prevalent disease that initiates when the oral pH becomes acidic. Fluoride and/or bioactive glass (NovaMin) were used to regenerate/repair teeth that had been decalcified. In this present study, we investigated the effect of fluoride and/or bioactive glass (NovaMin) on remineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA) discs, which mimic the enamel surface of natural teeth. HA discs were etched with phosphoric acid and treated with one of the following toothpastes: (1) Sensodyne toothpaste with fluoride; (2) Sensodyne toothpaste with fluoride and bioactive glass (NovaMin); (3) Tom’s toothpaste without fluoride or bioactive glass (NovaMin); and (4) Tom’s toothpaste with bioactive glass (NovaMin). The toothpastes were applied on the etched discs for two minutes, once a day for 15 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze surface morphologies and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyze surface compositions. Tom’s toothpaste with only NovaMin demonstrated the most remineralization potential compared with the other groups. In conclusion, incorporating bioactive glass (NovaMin) into toothpastes could benefit the repair and remineralization of teeth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 6124 KiB  
Article
Effect of Al2O3 Sandblasting Particle Size on the Surface Topography and Residual Compressive Stresses of Three Different Dental Zirconia Grades
by Hee-Kyung Kim and Byungmin Ahn
Materials 2021, 14(3), 610; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14030610 - 28 Jan 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 2603
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of sandblasting particle size on the surface topography and compressive stresses of conventional zirconia (3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal; 3Y-TZP) and two highly translucent zirconia (4 or 5 mol% partially stabilized zirconia; 4Y-PSZ or 5Y-PSZ). Plate-shaped zirconia [...] Read more.
This study investigated the effect of sandblasting particle size on the surface topography and compressive stresses of conventional zirconia (3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal; 3Y-TZP) and two highly translucent zirconia (4 or 5 mol% partially stabilized zirconia; 4Y-PSZ or 5Y-PSZ). Plate-shaped zirconia specimens (14.0 × 14.0 × 1.0 mm3, n = 60 for each grade) were sandblasted using different Al2O3 sizes (25, 50, 90, 110, and 125 μm) under 0.2 MPa for 10 s/cm2 at a 10 mm distance and a 90° angle. The surface topography was characterized using a 3-D confocal laser microscopy and inspected with a scanning electron microscope. To assess residual stresses, the tetragonal peak shift at 147 cm−1 was traced using micro-Raman spectroscopy. Al2O3 sandblasting altered surface topographies (p < 0.05), although highly translucent zirconia showed more pronounced changes compared to conventional zirconia. 5Y-PSZ abraded with 110 μm sand showed the highest Sa value (0.76 ± 0.12 μm). Larger particle induced more compressive stresses for 3Y-TZP (p < 0.05), while only 25 μm sand induced residual stresses for 5Y-PSZ. Al2O3 sandblasting with 110 μm sand for 3Y-TZP, 90 μm sand for 4Y-PSZ, and 25 μm sand for 5Y-PSZ were considered as the recommended blasting conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 3153 KiB  
Article
Novel Coatings to Minimize Corrosion of Titanium in Oral Biofilm
by Samira Esteves Afonso Camargo, Tanaya Roy, Xinyi Xia, Chaker Fares, Shu-Min Hsu, Fan Ren, Arthur E. Clark, Dan Neal and Josephine F. Esquivel-Upshaw
Materials 2021, 14(2), 342; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14020342 - 12 Jan 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2259
Abstract
The aim of this work is to investigate the effects produced by polymicrobial biofilm (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus salivarius) on the corrosion behavior of titanium dental implants. Pure titanium disks were polished and coated [...] Read more.
The aim of this work is to investigate the effects produced by polymicrobial biofilm (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus salivarius) on the corrosion behavior of titanium dental implants. Pure titanium disks were polished and coated with titanium nitride (TiN) and silicon carbide (SiC) along with their quarternized versions. Next, the disks were cultivated in culture medium (BHI) with P. gingivalis, S. mutans, S. sanguinis, and S. salivarius and incubated anaerobically at 37 °C for 30 days. Titanium corrosion was evaluated through surface observation using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Furthermore, the Ti release in the medium was evaluated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). SEM images showed that coated Ti disks exhibited lower corrosion compared to non-coated disks, except for the quartenized TiN. This was confirmed by AFM, where the roughness was higher in non-coated Ti disks. ICP showed that Ti levels were low in all coating disks. These results indicate that these SiC and TiN-based coatings could be a useful tool to reduce surface corrosion on titanium implant surfaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 2007 KiB  
Article
A Low-Viscosity BisGMA Derivative for Resin Composites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Its Rheological Properties
by Ali Alrahlah, Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni, Haifa Fahad Al-Mutairi, Bashaer Mousa Almousa, Faisal S. Alsubaie, Rawaiz Khan and Waseem Sharaf Saeed
Materials 2021, 14(2), 338; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14020338 - 11 Jan 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3193
Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize new bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA) derivatives, targeting a reduction in its viscosity by substituting one of its OH groups, the leading cause of its high viscosity, with a chlorine atom. Hence, this monochloro-BisGMA (mCl-BisGMA) monomer was synthesized by [...] Read more.
This study aimed to synthesize new bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA) derivatives, targeting a reduction in its viscosity by substituting one of its OH groups, the leading cause of its high viscosity, with a chlorine atom. Hence, this monochloro-BisGMA (mCl-BisGMA) monomer was synthesized by Appel reaction procedure, and its structure was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectroscopy. The viscosity of mCl-BisGMA (8.3 Pa·s) was measured under rheometry conditions, and it was found to be more than 65-fold lower than that of BisGMA (566.1 Pa·s) at 25 °C. For the assessment of the viscosity changes of model resins in the presence of mCl-BisGMA, a series of resin matrices, in which, besides BisGMA, 50 wt % was triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, were prepared and evaluated at 20, 25, and 35 °C. Thus, BisGMA was incrementally replaced by 25% mCl-BisGMA to obtain TBC0, TBC25, TBC50, TBC75, and TBC100 blends. The viscosity decreased with temperature, and the mCl-BisGMA content in the resin mixture increased. The substantial reduction in the viscosity value of mCl-BisGMA compared with that of BisGMA may imply its potential use as a dental resin matrix, either alone or in combination with traditional monomers. However, the various properties of mCl-BisGMA-containing matrices should be evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 1034 KiB  
Article
Effects of a Novel NiTi Thermomechanical Treatment on the Geometric Features of the Prepared Root Canal System
by Abdulwahed Alghamdi, Loai Alsofi and Khaled Balto
Materials 2020, 13(23), 5546; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma13235546 - 04 Dec 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1617
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to compare the ex vivo performance of two rotary nickel–titanium (NiTi) systems with similar designs but manufactured from martensitic and austenitic alloys, the One Curve (OC) and One Shape (OS) rotary endodontic files, respectively. Methods: Forty separate mesial canals [...] Read more.
Objectives: This study aimed to compare the ex vivo performance of two rotary nickel–titanium (NiTi) systems with similar designs but manufactured from martensitic and austenitic alloys, the One Curve (OC) and One Shape (OS) rotary endodontic files, respectively. Methods: Forty separate mesial canals of 20 extracted mandibular molars were scanned using micro-computed tomography (CT), which were divided into 2 groups and instrumented with OC and OS, respectively. Post-instrumentation micro-CT scans were evaluated using validated computer algorithms to compare changes in canal thickness, surface area, structure model index (SMI) scores, volume of removed dentin, percentage of untreated canal surface, percentage of curvature straightening, and the amount of canal transportation. Results: Both files led to significant changes in the basic root canal geometry, with no preparation errors and no statistically significant differences. However, OC treatment resulted in significantly less curvature straightening (17.30%; 10.77%) (independent samples t test, p < 0.05) and less apical transportation (55.11 µm; 33.15 µm) (Mann–Whitney U, test p < 0.05) compared to OS treatment. Transportation values in the middle and coronal thirds were statistically similar (independent sample t-test, p > 0.05). OC treatment produced significantly less straightening and less apical transportation than OS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

21 pages, 3549 KiB  
Review
Stability of Dental Implants and Thickness of Cortical Bone: Clinical Research and Future Perspectives. A Systematic Review
by Danilo Alessio Di Stefano, Paolo Arosio, Paolo Capparè, Silvia Barbon and Enrico Felice Gherlone
Materials 2021, 14(23), 7183; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14237183 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2413
Abstract
Dental surgery implantation has become increasingly important among procedures that aim to rehabilitate edentulous patients to restore esthetics and the mastication ability. The optimal stability of dental implants is correlated primarily to the quality and quantity of bone. This systematic literature review describes [...] Read more.
Dental surgery implantation has become increasingly important among procedures that aim to rehabilitate edentulous patients to restore esthetics and the mastication ability. The optimal stability of dental implants is correlated primarily to the quality and quantity of bone. This systematic literature review describes clinical research focusing on the correlation between cortical bone thickness and primary/secondary stability of dental fixtures. To predict successful outcome of prosthetic treatment, quantification of bone density at the osteotomy site is, in general, taken into account, with little attention being paid to assessment of the thickness of cortical bone. Nevertheless, local variations in bone structure (including cortical thickness) could explain differences in clinical practice with regard to implantation success, marginal bone resorption or anchorage loss. Current knowledge is preliminarily detailed, while tentatively identifying which inconclusive or unexplored aspects merit further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Restorative Dental Sciences)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-16
Back to TopTop