Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems

A special issue of Mathematics (ISSN 2227-7390). This special issue belongs to the section "Engineering Mathematics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2022) | Viewed by 18678

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Special Issue Editor

Department of Robotics and Production Systems, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: robotics; dynamic behavior; neural networks; mobile robots; neurorehabilitation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue titled “Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems” will address topics including the mathematical modeling of dynamic behavior; optimization algorithms; assisted theoretical and experimental research; the control of physical engineering systems; mechanical, electrical and fluid interaction components; system response analysis; feedback control systems; numerical software and software for dynamic simulation and optimization; system stability; dynamic behavior in the frequency field. This Special Issue aims to cover important aspects about how to optimize the dynamic behavior of physical systems using special algorithms and artificial intelligence in the modeling, simulation, and optimization of the components and systems from important fields such as astronautics, aerospace, avionics, robotics, manufacturing systems, mechanical engineering, power energy, materials technology, and neurorehabilitation. The fuzzy and neural network control applied in complex systems will be studied. Control and simulation isotope separation processes will be developed and analyzed. This Special Issue of Mathematics will be a useful guide on techniques for the modeling, simulation, and optimization of control systems in order to obtain acceptable dynamic behaviors.

Topics for Special Issue:

  • Design of physical engineering systems;
  • Control of physical engineering systems;
  • Mechanical, electrical, and fluid interaction of system components;
  • Mathematical modeling;
  • Dynamic behavior analysis;
  • System response analysis;
  • Feedback control systems;
  • Numerical simulation of integrated systems;
  • Software for dynamic simulation and optimization;
  • Frequency response;
  • Stability;
  • Control and simulation of the isotope separation process.

Prof. Dr. Adrian Olaru
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Mathematical modeling
  • Numerical simulation
  • Software simulation
  • Assisted research
  • Data acquisition
  • Mechanical and electrical interaction
  • Physical engineering design
  • Control systems
  • Response analysis
  • Feedback control
  • Frequency response
  • Stability
  • Fuzzy logic
  • Neural networks
  • Artificial intelligence

Published Papers (12 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 5884 KiB  
Article
Mathematical Chemistry Approaches for Computer-Aid Design of Free-Shaped Structures in Architecture and Construction Engineering
by Viorel Chihaia, Mihalache Ghinea, Stefan Chihaia and Andreea Neacsu
Mathematics 2022, 10(23), 4415; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10234415 - 23 Nov 2022
Viewed by 978
Abstract
The use of computers in architecture and construction engineering simplifies and automatize many manual operations, especially in the case of curved surfaces such as shell structures. Moreover, it allows fast screening and characterization of many technical solutions through computer-solving equations and the verification [...] Read more.
The use of computers in architecture and construction engineering simplifies and automatize many manual operations, especially in the case of curved surfaces such as shell structures. Moreover, it allows fast screening and characterization of many technical solutions through computer-solving equations and the verification of buildings and metallic structures stabilities in different weather and seismic conditions. In parallel, significant efforts have been made to characterize and explore carbon-based nanosystems. Important mathematical concepts and methods were developed for the description of such structures in the frame of mathematical chemistry. Because the lattice topology of shell structures in architecture and nanosystems in chemistry are similar, it is possible to transfer well-established theoretical concepts and knowledge of using nanosystems to the design of shell structures. The topologies of the nanosystems are characterized by lower densities of edges per node offering better solutions for curved surfaces than the typical grids used in architecture. As far as we know, no such connections between the topologies of nanosystems and shell structures have been established before. This transfer would be helpful for increased accuracy and speed in finding the best technical solutions for the building’s design. In this paper, we identify and propose for the design of the shell structures several mathematical approaches developed for atomistic systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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15 pages, 5712 KiB  
Article
Adaptive Sensorless PI+Passivity-Based Control of a Boost Converter Supplying an Unknown CPL
by Sebastián Riffo, Walter Gil-González, Oscar Danilo Montoya, Carlos Restrepo and Javier Muñoz
Mathematics 2022, 10(22), 4321; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10224321 - 17 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1136
Abstract
This paper presents an adaptive control to stabilize the output voltage of a DC–DC boost converter that feeds an unknown constant power load (CPL). The proposed controller employs passivity-based control (PBC), which assigns a desired system energy to compensate for the negative impedance [...] Read more.
This paper presents an adaptive control to stabilize the output voltage of a DC–DC boost converter that feeds an unknown constant power load (CPL). The proposed controller employs passivity-based control (PBC), which assigns a desired system energy to compensate for the negative impedance that may be generated by a CPL. A proportional-integral (PI) action that maintains a passive output is added to the PBC to impose the desired damping and enhance disturbance rejection behavior, thus forming a PI+PBC control. In addition, the proposed controller includes two estimators, i.e., immersion and invariance (I&I), and disturbance observer (DO), in order to estimate CPL and supply voltage for the converter, respectively. These observers become the proposed controller for an adaptive, sensorless PI+PBC control. Phase portrait analysis and experimental results have validated the robustness and effectiveness of the adaptive proposed control approach. These results show that the proposed controller adequately regulates the output voltage of the DC–DC boost converter under variations of the input voltage and CPL simultaneously. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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21 pages, 13661 KiB  
Article
Design and Motion Characteristics of Active–Passive Composite Suspension Actuator
by Hao Chen, Mingde Gong, Dingxuan Zhao, Wei Zhang, Wenbin Liu and Yue Zhang
Mathematics 2022, 10(22), 4303; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10224303 - 17 Nov 2022
Viewed by 984
Abstract
The suspension system needs both an active mode and passive mode when the emergency rescue vehicle is running on a complex road. Therefore, an active–passive composite suspension actuator (APCSA) is designed in this paper. Firstly, combined with computational fluid dynamics theory and dynamic [...] Read more.
The suspension system needs both an active mode and passive mode when the emergency rescue vehicle is running on a complex road. Therefore, an active–passive composite suspension actuator (APCSA) is designed in this paper. Firstly, combined with computational fluid dynamics theory and dynamic mesh technology, the complete fluid domain of the original passive suspension actuator (PSA) is simulated. Secondly, in accordance with the simulation results and in consideration of the working conditions of the active suspension of the emergency rescue vehicle, the APCSA is designed, and its flow field characteristics are studied. Finally, test results show that the maximum recovery damping force/compression damping force of the APCSA is 2428.98 N/−1470.29 N, which is 53.5%/50.4% lower than that of the original PSA. Hence, the dynamic response capability of the actuator is effectively improved, which lays a foundation for improving the ride comfort and handling stability of emergency rescue vehicles on complex roads. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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22 pages, 10525 KiB  
Article
Finite-Control-Set Model Predictive Control for Low-Voltage-Ride-Through Enhancement of PMSG Based Wind Energy Grid Connection Systems
by Syed Wajahat Ali, Anant Kumar Verma, Yacine Terriche, Muhammad Sadiq, Chun-Lien Su, Chung-Hong Lee and Mahmoud Elsisi
Mathematics 2022, 10(22), 4266; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10224266 - 15 Nov 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1710
Abstract
Grid faults are found to be one of the major issues in renewable energy systems, particularly in wind energy conversion systems (WECS) connected to the grid via back-to-back (BTB) converters. Under such faulty grid conditions, the system requires an effective regulation of the [...] Read more.
Grid faults are found to be one of the major issues in renewable energy systems, particularly in wind energy conversion systems (WECS) connected to the grid via back-to-back (BTB) converters. Under such faulty grid conditions, the system requires an effective regulation of the active (P) and reactive (Q) power to accomplish low voltage ride through (LVRT) operation in accordance with the grid codes. In this paper, an improved finite-control-set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) scheme is proposed for a PMSG based WECS to achieve LVRT ability under symmetrical and asymmetrical grid faults, including mitigation of DC-link voltage fluctuation. With proposed predictive control, optimized switching states for cost function minimization with weighing factor (WF) selection guidelines are established for robust BTB converter control and reduced cross-coupling amid P and Q during transient conditions. Besides, grid voltage support is provided by grid side inverter control to inject reactive power during voltage dips. The effectiveness of the FCS-MPC method is compared with the conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller in case of symmetrical and asymmetrical grid faults. The simulation and experimental results endorse the superiority of the developed FCS-MPC scheme to diminish the fault effect quickly with lower overshoot and better damping performance than the traditional controller. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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12 pages, 1987 KiB  
Article
Two-Step Neural-Network-Based Fault Isolation for Stochastic Systems
by Liping Yin, Jianguo Liu, Hongquan Qu and Tao Li
Mathematics 2022, 10(22), 4261; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10224261 - 14 Nov 2022
Viewed by 857
Abstract
This paper studies a fault isolation method for an optical fiber vibration source detection and early warning system. We regard the vibration sources in the system as faults and then detect and isolate the faults of the system based on a two-step neural [...] Read more.
This paper studies a fault isolation method for an optical fiber vibration source detection and early warning system. We regard the vibration sources in the system as faults and then detect and isolate the faults of the system based on a two-step neural network. Firstly, the square root B-spline expansion method is used to approximate the output probability density functions. Secondly, the nonlinear weight dynamic model is established through a dynamic neural network. Thirdly, the nonlinear filter and residual generator are constructed to estimate the weight, analyze the residual, and estimate the threshold, so as to detect, diagnose, and isolate the faults. The feasibility criterion of fault detection and isolation is given by using some linear matrix inequalities, and the stability of the estimation error system is proven according to the Lyapunov theorem. Finally, simulation experiments based on a optical fiber vibration source system are given to verify the effectiveness of this method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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14 pages, 918 KiB  
Article
Data-Driven Event-Triggered Platoon Control under Denial-of-Service Attacks
by Zengwei Li, Lin Zhu, Zhenling Wang and Weiwei Che
Mathematics 2022, 10(21), 3985; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10213985 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1106
Abstract
This paper proposes an event-triggered model-free adaptive platoon control (MFAPC) solution for non-linear vehicle systems under denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. First, the non-linear vehicle system is transformed into an equivalent linear data model using the dynamic linearization technique. Second, to save limited communication resources [...] Read more.
This paper proposes an event-triggered model-free adaptive platoon control (MFAPC) solution for non-linear vehicle systems under denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. First, the non-linear vehicle system is transformed into an equivalent linear data model using the dynamic linearization technique. Second, to save limited communication resources and reduce the influence of cyber attacks, a novel event-triggered mechanism and attack compensation method are designed. Then, based on the equivalent linear data model, a new resilient event-triggered MFAPC algorithm is developed to achieve the vehicle platoon control objective under DoS attacks. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified using an example. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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15 pages, 4107 KiB  
Article
Force Tracking Impedance Control of Hydraulic Series Elastic Actuators Interacting with Unknown Environment
by Yong Nie, Jiajia Liu, Gang Liu, Litong Lyu, Jie Li and Zheng Chen
Mathematics 2022, 10(18), 3383; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10183383 - 18 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1413
Abstract
Force tracking control for hydraulic series elastic actuators (SEAs) is the demand in robots interacting with the surrounding world. However, the inherent nonlinearities and uncertainties of the hydraulic system, as well as the unknown environment, make it difficult to achieve precise contact force [...] Read more.
Force tracking control for hydraulic series elastic actuators (SEAs) is the demand in robots interacting with the surrounding world. However, the inherent nonlinearities and uncertainties of the hydraulic system, as well as the unknown environment, make it difficult to achieve precise contact force control of hydraulic SEAs. Therefore, in this study, force tracking impedance control of hydraulic SEAs is developed considering interaction with an unknown environment in which the force tracking performance can be guaranteed in theory. Based on the typical force tracking impedance frame, the force tracking performance is improved by introducing backstepping control into the inner position controller to deal with the high-order nonlinear dynamics of the hydraulic SEA. In addition, the environment parameters are also estimated online by the adaptive method. Finally, comparative simulation is conducted with different interacting environments, which verifies the advantages of the proposed method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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15 pages, 5070 KiB  
Article
RST Digital Robust Control for DC/DC Buck Converter Feeding Constant Power Load
by Akram M. Abdurraqeeb, Abdullrahman A. Al-Shamma’a, Abdulaziz Alkuhayli, Abdullah M. Noman and Khaled E. Addoweesh
Mathematics 2022, 10(10), 1782; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10101782 - 23 May 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1865
Abstract
The instability of DC microgrids is the most prominent problem that limits the expansion of their use, and one of the most important causes of instability is constant power load CPLs. In this paper, a robust RST digital feedback controller is proposed to [...] Read more.
The instability of DC microgrids is the most prominent problem that limits the expansion of their use, and one of the most important causes of instability is constant power load CPLs. In this paper, a robust RST digital feedback controller is proposed to overcome the instability issues caused by the negative-resistance effect of CPLs and to improve robustness against the perturbations of power load and input voltage fluctuations, as well as to achieve a good tracking performance. To develop the proposed controller, it is necessary to first identify the dynamic model of the DC/DC buck converter with CPL. Second, based on the pole placement and sensitivity function shaping technique, a controller is designed and applied to the buck converter system. Then, validation of the proposed controller using Matlab/Simulink was achieved. Finally, the experimental validation of the RST controller was performed on a DC/DC buck converter with CPL using a real-time Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL). The OPAL-RT OP4510 RCP/HIL and dSPACE DS1104 controller board are used to model the DC/DC buck converter and to implement the suggested RST controller, respectively. The simulation and HIL experimental results indicate that the suggested RST controller has high efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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22 pages, 4779 KiB  
Article
Log Transformed Coherency Matrix for Differentiating Scattering Behaviour of Oil Spill Emulsions Using SAR Images
by Kinjal Prajapati, Ratheesh Ramakrishnan, Madhuri Bhavsar, Alka Mahajan, Zunnun Narmawala, Archana Bhavsar, Maria Simona Raboaca and Sudeep Tanwar
Mathematics 2022, 10(10), 1697; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10101697 - 16 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1712
Abstract
Oil spills on the ocean surface are a serious threat to the marine ecosystem. Automation of oil spill detection through full/dual polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images is considered a good aid for oil spill disaster management. This paper uses the power of [...] Read more.
Oil spills on the ocean surface are a serious threat to the marine ecosystem. Automation of oil spill detection through full/dual polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images is considered a good aid for oil spill disaster management. This paper uses the power of log transformation to discern the scattering behavior more effectively from the coherency matrix (T3). The proposed coherency matrix is tested on patches of the clean sea surface and four different classes of oil spills, viz. heavy sedimented oil, thick oil, oil-water emulsion, fresh oil; by analyzing the entropy (H), anisotropy (A), and mean scattering angle alpha (α), following the H/A/α decomposition. Experimental results show that not only does the proposed T3 matrix differentiate between Bragg scattering of the clean sea surface from a random scattering of thick oil spills but is also able to distinguish between different emulsions of oil spills with water and sediments. Moreover, unlike classical T3, the proposed method distinguishes concrete-like structures and heavy sedimented oil even though both exhibit similar scattering behavior. The proposed algorithm is developed and validated on the data acquired by the UAVSAR full polarimetric L band SAR sensor over the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) region during the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill accident in June 2010. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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32 pages, 6998 KiB  
Article
Artificial Intelligence in Fractional-Order Systems Approximation with High Performances: Application in Modelling of an Isotopic Separation Process
by Roxana Motorga, Vlad Mureșan, Mihaela-Ligia Ungureșan, Mihail Abrudean, Honoriu Vălean and Iulia Clitan
Mathematics 2022, 10(9), 1459; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10091459 - 26 Apr 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1859
Abstract
This paper presents a solution for the modelling, implementation and simulation of the fractional-order process of producing the enriched 13C isotope, through the chemical exchange between carbamate and carbon dioxide. To achieve the goal of implementation and simulation of the considered process, [...] Read more.
This paper presents a solution for the modelling, implementation and simulation of the fractional-order process of producing the enriched 13C isotope, through the chemical exchange between carbamate and carbon dioxide. To achieve the goal of implementation and simulation of the considered process, an original solution for the approximation of fractional-order systems at the variation of the system’s differentiation order is proposed, based on artificial intelligence methods. The separation process has the property of being strongly non-linear and also having fractional-order behaviour. Consequently, in the implementation of the mathematical model of the process, the theory associated with the fractional-order system’s domain has to be considered and applied. For learning the dynamics of the structure parameters of the fractional-order part of the model, neural networks, which are associated with the artificial intelligence domain, are used. Using these types of approximations, the simulation and the prediction of the produced 13C isotope concentration dynamics are made with high accuracy. In order to prove the efficiency of the proposed solutions, a comparation between the responses of the determined model and the experimental responses is made. The proposed model implementation is made based on using four trained neural networks. Moreover, in the final part of the paper, an original method for the online identification of the separation process model is proposed. This original method can identify the process of fractional differentiation order variation in relation to time, a phenomenon which is quite frequent in the operation of the real separation plant. In the last section of the paper, it is proven that artificial intelligence methods can successfully sustain the system model in all the scenarios, resulting in the feasible premise of designing an automatic control system for the 13C isotope concentration, a method which can be applied in the case of other industrial applications too. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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15 pages, 3816 KiB  
Article
Water-Cycle-Algorithm-Tuned Intelligent Fuzzy Controller for Stability of Multi-Area Multi-Fuel Power System with Time Delays
by CH. Naga Sai Kalyan, B. Srikanth Goud, Mohit Bajaj, Malligunta Kiran Kumar, Emad M. Ahmed and Salah Kamel
Mathematics 2022, 10(3), 508; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10030508 - 05 Feb 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 1294
Abstract
In this paper, a fuzzy (F) proportional (P)–integral (I)–derivative (D) (PID) (FPID) controller optimized with a water cycle algorithm is proposed for load frequency control of a multi-area multi-fuel (MAMF) power system. The MAMF system has the realistic feature of communication time delays [...] Read more.
In this paper, a fuzzy (F) proportional (P)–integral (I)–derivative (D) (PID) (FPID) controller optimized with a water cycle algorithm is proposed for load frequency control of a multi-area multi-fuel (MAMF) power system. The MAMF system has the realistic feature of communication time delays (CTDs), in order to conduct an analysis nearer to realistic practice. Initially, the MAMF system is analyzed when subjected to a step load disturbance (SLD) of 10% on area 1. The superiority of the fuzzy PID controller is revealed upon comparing it with PID plus double derivative (DD) (PIDD) and PID controllers. The MAMF system is investigated with and without CTDs, to demonstrate their impact on system performance. Later, an additional HVDC line is incorporated in parallel with the existing AC line for further enhancement of the system performance. Finally, the MAMF system is targeted with random loading to validate the robustness of the presented control scheme. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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26 pages, 4078 KiB  
Article
Robust Finite-Time Control Algorithm Based on Dynamic Sliding Mode for Satellite Attitude Maneuver
by You Li and Haizhao Liang
Mathematics 2022, 10(1), 111; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/math10010111 - 30 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1421
Abstract
Robust finite-time control algorithms for satellite attitude maneuvers are proposed in this paper. The standard sliding mode is modified, hence the inherent robustness could be maintained, and this fixed sliding mode is modified to dynamic, therefore the finite-time stability could be achieved. First, [...] Read more.
Robust finite-time control algorithms for satellite attitude maneuvers are proposed in this paper. The standard sliding mode is modified, hence the inherent robustness could be maintained, and this fixed sliding mode is modified to dynamic, therefore the finite-time stability could be achieved. First, the finite -time sliding mode based on attitude quaternion is proposed and the loose finite-time stability is achieved by enlarging the sliding mode parameter. In order to get the strict finite-time stability, a sliding mode based on the Euler axis is then given. The fixed norm property of the Euler axis is used, and a sliding mode parameter without singularity issue is achieved. System performance near the equilibrium point is largely improved by the proposed sliding modes. The singularity issue of finite-time control is solved by the property of rotation around a fixed axis. System finite-time stability and robustness are analyzed by the Lyapunov method. The superiority of proposed controllers and system robustness to some typical perturbations such as disturbance torque, model uncertainty and actuator error are demonstrated by simulation results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems)
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