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Medicina
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Celiac Disease and Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity
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Celiac Disease and Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Hematology and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 April 2021) | Viewed by 13580

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Luis Rodrigo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Gastroenterology Unit, Oviedo, Spain
Interests: celiac disease; gluten intolerance; Helicobacter pylori; gastrointestinal tumors; liver diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Celiac disease (CD) is a gluten-induced immune-mediated enteropathy, characterized by the presence of specific serum autoantibodies and genetic markers. Although the inflammatory process specifically targets the intestinal mucosa, patients may present with gastrointestinal and/or extraintestinal signs or symptoms,, suggesting that CD is an autoimmune systemic disease.

Non-Celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is diagnosed in individuals who do not have CD or wheat allergy (WA), but who have intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms related to ingestion of gluten-containing grains, with symptomatic improvement on their withdrawal. The clinical variability and the lack of validated biomarkers for NCGS, make establishing the prevalence, reaching a diagnosis, and further study of this condition difficult.

Nevertheless, it is possible to differentiate specific gluten-related disorders from other conditions based on currently available investigations and algorithms. Clinicians cannot distinguish between Celiac disease and Non-Celiac gluten sensitivity by symptoms, as they are similar in both. Therefore, screening for CD must occur before a gluten-free diet (GFD) is implemented, since once a patient initiates this diet, testing for CD is no longer accurate.

It is useful to recall that the prevalence of gluten-related disorders is rising, and that many individuals are empirically trying a GFD, for a variety of signs and symptoms.

Prof. Luis Rodrigo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Celiac disease/diagnosis
  • Celiac disease/immunology
  • Celiac disease/differential diagnosis
  • Celiac disease/treatment/evolution
  • Non-Celiac gluten sensitivity/diagnosis
  • Non-Celiac gluten sensitivity/immunology
  • Non-Celiac gluten sensitivity/differential diagnosis
  • Non-Celiac gluten sensitivity/treatment/evolution

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2565 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Adverse Reactions to Glutenand People Going on a Gluten-Free Diet:A Survey Study Conducted in Brazil
by Jesús Gilberto Arámburo-Gálvez, Carlos Eduardo Beltrán-Cárdenas, Tatiane Geralda André, Itallo Carvalho Gomes, María Auxiliadora Macêdo-Callou, Élida Mara Braga-Rocha, Elaine Aparecida Mye-Takamatu-Watanabe, Vivian Rahmeier-Fietz, Oscar Gerardo Figueroa-Salcido, Marcela de Jesus Vergara-Jiménez, Lilian Karem Flores-Mendoza, Noé Ontiveros and Francisco Cabrera-Chávez
Medicina 2020, 56(4), 163; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina56040163 - 04 Apr 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2943
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of gluten-related disorders (GRD) and adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) remains unknown in Brazilian population and there is no published information on the scientific literature about the proportion of Brazilians that were diagnosed with a gluten-related disorder. Thus, the [...] Read more.
Background: The prevalence of gluten-related disorders (GRD) and adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) remains unknown in Brazilian population and there is no published information on the scientific literature about the proportion of Brazilians that were diagnosed with a gluten-related disorder. Thus, the aim of this work was to estimate the prevalence of GRDs and adherence to a GFD by self-report in adult Brazilian population. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two Brazilian cities. Results: The response rate was 93.2% (1630/1749). The self-reported prevalence rates were (95% CI): adverse reactions to gluten 10.06% (8.64–11.62); gluten sensitivity 2.33% (1.65–3.18); physician-diagnosed celiac disease 0.3% (0.09–0.71); non-celiac gluten sensitivity 1.71% (1.14–2.47); wheat allergy 0.79% (0.42–1.36); adherence to gluten-free diet 7.48% (6.25–8.87); gluten avoiders 15.21% (13.5–17.05). Among those who were following a GFD (n = 122), 65.6% (n = 80) of them reported that they did not develop symptoms after wheat/gluten ingestion and 50% (n = 61) were following the diet without medical/dietitian advice. The main motivation for following a GFD in the self-reported and non-self-reported gluten sensitivity groups were the symptoms triggered after wheat/gluten ingestion (86.8%) and weight control (57.1%), respectively. Conclusions: Implementation of programs to increase awareness about GRDs among healthcare professionals and giving scientifically sound information to the general population about the risks and benefits for following a GFD are desirable actions in Brazil. The results also add to the growing body of evidence for highlighting the under-diagnosis of GRD and the trend for following a GFD in Latin America. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Celiac Disease and Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity)
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Review

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20 pages, 2145 KiB  
Review
Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: An Update
by Feliznando Isidro Cárdenas-Torres, Francisco Cabrera-Chávez, Oscar Gerardo Figueroa-Salcido and Noé Ontiveros
Medicina 2021, 57(6), 526; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina57060526 - 24 May 2021
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 10075
Abstract
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a clinical entity characterized by the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy in patients that trigger reproducible symptomatic responses to gluten-containing foods consumption. Due to the lack of sensitive and reproducible biomarkers for NCGS diagnosis, placebo-controlled gluten [...] Read more.
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a clinical entity characterized by the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy in patients that trigger reproducible symptomatic responses to gluten-containing foods consumption. Due to the lack of sensitive and reproducible biomarkers for NCGS diagnosis, placebo-controlled gluten challenges must be carried out for its diagnosis. The gluten challenges can be either double- or single-blind, for research or clinical practice purposes, respectively. For improving our understanding about the magnitude and relevance of NCGS in different populations, epidemiological studies based on self-report have been carried out. However, the gluten challenge-based prevalence of NCGS remains to be estimated. Since NCGS was recently recognized as a clinical entity, more studies are needed to delve into NCGS pathogenesis, for instance, the molecular interactions between the suspected cereal grain components that trigger NCGS, such as fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) and amylase and trypsin inhibitors, and the immune system remains to be elucidated. Although still under debate, NCGS patients can be susceptible to only one or more than one of the NCGS triggers. The treatment of NCGS involves the dietary restriction of the suspected triggers of the disease, but there is controversial data about the effectiveness of different dietary interventions such as the gluten-free diet and low-FODMAP diet. Certainly, our understanding of NCGS is improving quickly due to the constant availability of new scientific information on this topic. Thus, the aim of the present narrative review is to present an up-to-date overview on NCGS from epidemiology to current therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Celiac Disease and Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity)
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