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Medicina
Special Issues
Treatment of Bone Metabolic Disease
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Treatment of Bone Metabolic Disease

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 9164

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kazuki Inoue

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
Interests: osteoporosis; rheumatoid arthritis; bone metastasis; bone metabolic diseases; molecular biology; bioinformatics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bones are important organs to support our bodies, protect other organs, produce blood cells, store minerals and work as endocrine system. With the aging of the world population, more and more people suffer from bone metabolic diseases such as osteoporosis, osteomalacia, rickets, chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Bone metabolic diseases increase the risk of fracture, and the fracture of bones increases the rate of mortality. Therefore, bone metabolic diseases are significant public health issues in the world. Recent advances in treatment for bone metabolic diseases such as bisphosphonate, selective estrogen receptor modulators(SERMs), active Vitamin D analogs, biologics(anti-RANKL antibody, anti-sclerostin antibody), and parathyroid hormone(PTH) analogs have been made as a greater understanding of pathophysiology and the underlying mechanisms causing bone metabolic deseases has been achieved. However, there are still unmet needs requiring a broader range of therapeutics and develop new treatments for bone metabolic diseases. The progress of our understanding of bone metabolic diseases has rendered possible the development of more sophisticated treatments employing novel mechanisms of action. In this special issues, we will focus on the current treatment as well as the novel treatment of bone metabolic diseases. Also, this special issue covers the cutting-edge research and advancements in the area of bone metabolic diseases that help us understand the mechanisms of treatment and pathogenesis of bone metabolic diseases and develop novel treatments of bone metabolic diseases. We welcome articles on all aspects including basic, translational, clinical and bioinformatics research. This journal accepts all forms of manuscripts, including original research articles, review articles, systematic reviews, and perspectives.

Dr. Kazuki Inoue
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • osteoporosis
  • osteomalacia
  • CKD-MBD
  • osteoclast
  • osteoblast
  • molecular mechanism
  • clinical treatment
  • bioinformatics
  • omics approach
  • biomarkers

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 459 KiB  
Article
Effect of Teriparatide on Bone Mineral Density and Trabecular Bone Score in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Osteoporosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
by Chihiro Munekawa, Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Noriyuki Kitagawa, Takafumi Osaka, Masahide Hamaguchi and Michiaki Fukui
Medicina 2022, 58(4), 481; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58040481 - 26 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2586
Abstract
The BMDs of the lumbar spine, whole femur, and femoral neck and TBS were measured. Change in BMD or TBS was defined as the BMD or TBS at follow-up, performed 1 year after baseline, minus baseline BMD or TBS. Results: This retrospective cohort [...] Read more.
The BMDs of the lumbar spine, whole femur, and femoral neck and TBS were measured. Change in BMD or TBS was defined as the BMD or TBS at follow-up, performed 1 year after baseline, minus baseline BMD or TBS. Results: This retrospective cohort study included 93 patients, of whom 52 received no medication, 26 received bisphosphonates, and 15 received weekly teriparatide. BMD of the lumbar spine increased in all three groups. There was no change in BMD of the whole femur and femoral neck in the no medication and bisphosphonates groups, whereas the BMD of the whole femur (from 0.73 (0.15) to 0.74 (0.15) g/cm2, p = 0.011) and femoral neck (from 0.59 (0.16) to 0.60 (0.16) g/cm2, p = 0.011) in the teriparatide group increased. The change in BMD of the femoral neck (no medication; −0.002 (0.034) g/cm2, bisphosphonates; −0.0001 (0.024) g/cm2, and teriparatide; 0.017 (0.022) g/cm2, p = 0.091) or TBS (no medication; −0.007 (0.051), bisphosphonates; −0.058 (0.258), and teriparatide; 0.021 (0.044), p = 0.191) in the teriparatide group tended to be higher than that in the other groups, although there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusions: Teriparatide increased the BMD of the femoral neck and TBS in osteoporosis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, compared to bisphosphonates and no medication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment of Bone Metabolic Disease)
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13 pages, 3426 KiB  
Article
Inhibitory Effect of Ulmus davidiana and Cornus officinalis Extracts on Osteoporotic Bone Loss In Vitro and In Vivo
by Jeonghyun Kim, Chang-Gun Lee, Seung-Hee Yun, Seokjin Hwang, Hyoju Jeon, Eunkuk Park and Seon-Yong Jeong
Medicina 2022, 58(4), 466; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58040466 - 23 Mar 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2057
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Traditional herbal medicines are becoming more popular as a complementary medication as they have the advantages of being mostly harmless and safe, causing fewer side-effects than conventional medications. Here, we demonstrate the inhibitory effects of the combination of Ulmus davidiana [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Traditional herbal medicines are becoming more popular as a complementary medication as they have the advantages of being mostly harmless and safe, causing fewer side-effects than conventional medications. Here, we demonstrate the inhibitory effects of the combination of Ulmus davidiana (UD) and Cornus officinalis (CO) extracts on osteoporotic bone loss. Materials and Methods: This study presented osteogenic effects in primary cultured osteoblasts, pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell lines, and osteoclastogenic effects in osteoclasts derived from bone marrow monocytes, and finally, protective effects on bone loss in an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic animal model. Results: A significant increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was observed following treatment with UD and CO mixtures (8:2, 7:3, and 5:5 ratios) and individual UD and CO extracts, with the highest ALP activity being detected for the treatment with UD and CO extracts at a 5:5 ratio. An optimal ratio of UD and CO (UC) extract promoted osteoblast differentiation in both pre-osteoblastic cells and primary osteoblasts by increasing osteoblastic markers such as Alpl, Runx2, and Bglap. However, treatment with the UC extract inhibited osteoclast differentiation with a decreased expression of osteoclastogenesis-related genes, including Ctsk, Acp5, Mmp9, and Nfatc1. In addition, UC treatment prevented osteoporotic bone loss in OVX mice and improved impaired skeletal structure parameters. Conclusions: This study suggests that combined UD and CO extracts may be a beneficial traditional medicine for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment of Bone Metabolic Disease)
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10 pages, 742 KiB  
Article
The Risk of Trigeminal Neuralgia Following Osteoporosis
by Yu-Feng Su, Chieh-Hsin Wu, Wei-Ting Wang and Ann-Shung Lieu
Medicina 2022, 58(3), 447; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58030447 - 18 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2382
Abstract
Background and objectives: Managing people with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and osteoporosis is challenging due to their debilitating conditions. Currently, the exact association between TN and osteoporosis in patients remains unknown, although there is potential overlapping of pathophysiological mechanisms. In response, we calculated [...] Read more.
Background and objectives: Managing people with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and osteoporosis is challenging due to their debilitating conditions. Currently, the exact association between TN and osteoporosis in patients remains unknown, although there is potential overlapping of pathophysiological mechanisms. In response, we calculated TN risk in patients who have osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: 45,393 patients aged over 50 years diagnosed with osteoporosis were matched with 45,393 non-osteoporosis patients aged over 50 years (1:1 ratio) who were used as the control group, using data from 1996 to 2010 from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. The cumulative incidences of subsequent TN and the hazard ratio were estimated using Cox proportional hazards modeling and the Kaplan–Meier method, respectively. Results: Among the total sample, 333 patients were diagnosed with TN during the follow-up period: 205 in the osteoporosis cohort and 128 in the control cohort. Through covariate adjustment, the overall TN incidence showed a 1.80-fold increase in the osteoporosis cohort in comparison with the control cohort (0.60 vs. 0.18 per 1000 person-years, respectively). The High Charlson Comorbidity Index, hypertension, and migraines were risk factors of TN. Conclusions: Osteoporosis patients had a higher TN risk than that of the control cohort. Therefore, early recognition of pain and symptoms in osteoporotic people may help to identify possible TN patients who need prompt therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment of Bone Metabolic Disease)
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10 pages, 1594 KiB  
Article
Serum Sclerostin Level Is Negatively Associated with Bone Mineral Density in Hemodialysis Patients
by Jing-Wun Lu, Ru-Jiang Syu, Chih-Hsien Wang, Bang-Gee Hsu and Jen-Pi Tsai
Medicina 2022, 58(3), 385; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58030385 - 04 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1690
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) modulate osteoblastogenesis, but their role in bone loss in hemodialysis (HD) patients is inconclusive. This study investigated relationships among lumbar bone mineral density (BMD), serum sclerostin, and DKK1 in HD patients. Materials and Methods: [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) modulate osteoblastogenesis, but their role in bone loss in hemodialysis (HD) patients is inconclusive. This study investigated relationships among lumbar bone mineral density (BMD), serum sclerostin, and DKK1 in HD patients. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 75 HD patients. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measured lumbar BMD of the lumbar vertebrae (L2–L4). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed serum sclerostin and DKK1 concentrations. Results: There were 10 (13.3%), 20 (26.7%), and 45 (60%) patients defined as presenting with osteoporosis, osteopenia, or normal BMD, respectively. Age, alkaline phosphatase, urea reduction rate, fractional clearance index for urea, sclerostin level, and percentage of female patients are significantly negatively associated with the lumbar BMD and T-score, while the body mass index and waist circumference significantly positively associated with the lumbar BMD and T-score. Multivariate forward stepwise linear regression analysis indicated that serum sclerostin (β = −0.546, adjusted R2 change = 0.454; p < 0.001), age (β = −0.216, adjusted R2 change = 0.041; p = 0.007), and percentage of female HD patients (β = −0.288, adjusted R2 change = 0.072; p = 0.0018) were significantly negatively associated with lumbar BMD in HD patients. Conclusions: Advanced age, female gender, and serum sclerostin level, but not DKK1, were negatively associated with BMD in HD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment of Bone Metabolic Disease)
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