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Medicina
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Emerging Therapies for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Ⅱ
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Emerging Therapies for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Ⅱ

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Pulmonary".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2022) | Viewed by 8432

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hisao Imai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-City 350-1298, Saitama, Japan
Interests: thoracic oncology; lung cancer; immunotherapy; chemotherapy; medical oncology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the second most common cancer globally and a major cause of cancer-related death. As the elderly population continues to increase worldwide, the number of elderly patients with advanced NSCLC is rising on a global scale.

Although the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer has become complicated due to the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the prognosis of patients has been prolonged, and the treatment is improving day by day. We have decided to issue a Special Issue this time on the progress of the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

This Special Issue will highlight and summarize the current knowledge concerning the Emerging Therapies for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, covering both basic and (pre)clinical aspects. Potential studies may include assessment of the Emerging Therapies for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. For this Special Issue, we invite investigators to contribute original articles, as well as review articles, that will describe and help in understanding the current and potential challenges surrounding “Emerging Therapies for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer”.

Dr. Hisao Imai
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thoracic oncology
  • non-small cell lung cancer
  • small cell lung cancer
  • chemotherapy
  • advanced lung cancer

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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7 pages, 453 KiB  
Article
Clinical Outcomes of Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for All Stages of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; Definitive versus Consolidative
by Hakyoung Kim, Sun Myung Kim, Dae Sik Yang, Kyung Hwa Lee and Young Bum Kim
Medicina 2022, 58(9), 1304; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina58091304 - 18 Sep 2022
Viewed by 1631
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is not confined to early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and has a potential role in stage IV disease. We aimed to evaluate the effect of SABR on local control rates and survival outcomes in [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is not confined to early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and has a potential role in stage IV disease. We aimed to evaluate the effect of SABR on local control rates and survival outcomes in patients with all stages of NSCLC according to the treatment aim. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 88 patients with NSCLC who received SABR at the Korea University Guro Hospital between January 2015 and March 2021. Among these, 64 patients with stage I–II NSCLC ineligible for surgery were treated with a definitive aim. Twenty-four patients with stage IV limited metastatic NSCLC showing a favorable response to prior systemic therapy were treated with a consolidative aim. Results: The median follow-up time was 34 (range: 5–88) months. Thirty-one patients developed recurrence (35.2%), with distant metastasis being the most common (25/31, 80.6%). In-field local recurrence occurred in four patients (4/88 patients, 4.5%). For patients treated with definitive SABR, the 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 91.8% and 58.6%, respectively. In patients treated with consolidative SABR, the 3-year OS and DFS rates were 86.7% and 53.8%, respectively. With respect to treatment-related pulmonary toxicity, grade 3 radiation pneumonitis incidence requiring hospitalization was 2.3% (2/88). Conclusions: Definitive SABR is appropriate for medically inoperable or high surgical risk patients with early stage NSCLC with acceptable treatment-related toxicities. Consolidative SABR improves local control rates and helps achieve long-term survival in patients with limited metastatic NSCLC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Therapies for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Ⅱ)
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14 pages, 2049 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness and Safety of EGFR-TKI Rechallenge Treatment in Elderly Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Harboring Drug-Sensitive EGFR Mutations
by Yutaka Yamada, Hisao Imai, Tomohide Sugiyama, Hiroyuki Minemura, Kenya Kanazawa, Takashi Kasai, Koichi Minato, Kyoichi Kaira and Takayuki Kaburagi
Medicina 2021, 57(9), 929; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina57090929 - 03 Sep 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2437
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Epidermal growth factor receptor–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective first-line chemotherapeutic agents for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring drug-sensitive EGFR mutations. However, the effectiveness of EGFR-TKI rechallenge after first-line EGFR-TKI treatment is not sufficient in elderly [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Epidermal growth factor receptor–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective first-line chemotherapeutic agents for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring drug-sensitive EGFR mutations. However, the effectiveness of EGFR-TKI rechallenge after first-line EGFR-TKI treatment is not sufficient in elderly patients (over 75 years of age) harboring drug-sensitive EGFR mutations. Therefore, we investigated the effectiveness and safety of EGFR-TKI rechallenge after first-line EGFR-TKI treatment in elderly patients with advanced NSCLC harboring drug-sensitive EGFR mutations. Materials and Methods: Between April 2008 and December 2015, we analyzed 78 elderly patients with advanced NSCLC harboring drug-sensitive EGFR mutations with first-line EGFR-TKI treatment at four Japanese institutions. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical effectiveness and safety profiles of EGFR-TKI rechallenge after first-line EGFR-TKI treatment in elderly patients with advanced NSCLC harboring drug-sensitive EGFR mutations (exon 19 deletion/exon 21 L858R mutation). Results: Twenty-two patients in the cohort were rechallenged with EGFR-TKI. The median age was 79.5 years (range 75–87 years). Despite the fact that it was a retrospective analysis, even with EGFR-TKI rechallenge treatment the response rate was 23%, progression-free survival was 5.3 months, and overall survival was 14.4 months. Common adverse events included rash acneiform, paronychia, diarrhea, and anorexia. There were no treatment-related deaths. Due to the occurrence of adverse events of grade 2 or more, dose reduction was performed in 15 (68.2%) of 22 cases. Conclusions: EGFR-TKI rechallenge treatment after first-line EGFR-TKI treatment in elderly patients with advanced NSCLC harboring drug-sensitive EGFR mutations was one of the limited, safe and effective treatment options for elderly EGFR-positive lung cancer patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Therapies for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Ⅱ)
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9 pages, 1561 KiB  
Article
Effects of Sex and Seasonal Climatic Changes on the Risk of Incidence of Anti-EGFR Therapy-Induced Rash in Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study
by Takahiro Arai, Yukiyoshi Fujita, Hisao Imai, Hiroe Matsumoto, Miho Yamazaki, Eriko Hiruta, Yuka Suzuki, Hitoshi Ojima, Hisashi Hosaka, Koichi Minato and Taeko Saito
Medicina 2021, 57(8), 801; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina57080801 - 04 Aug 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1656
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Seasonal climatic changes may affect the development of the rash that is characteristic of treatment with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies. We evaluated the association between seasons and rash incidence among patients with cancer. Materials and Methods: [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Seasonal climatic changes may affect the development of the rash that is characteristic of treatment with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies. We evaluated the association between seasons and rash incidence among patients with cancer. Materials and Methods: Data from patients with colorectal or head and neck cancer treated with cetuximab or panitumumab during summer (S group; n = 34) or winter (W group; n = 37) between June 2014 and February 2019 were collected to retrospectively examine patient characteristics and rash incidence ≤ 8 weeks after treatment initiation. Results: Rashes were observed in 73.5% (n = 25) and 78.4% (n = 29) and grade 3 rashes were observed in 17.6% (n = 6) and 2.7% (n = 1) of the patients in the S and W groups, respectively. The incidence of grade ≥ 2 rashes in males in the S group was higher than that in the rest of the patient groups (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The higher incidence of skin rashes in males during summer might be attributed to the effects of ultraviolet light, lack of skincare, male hormones, and secretion of anti-EGFR antibodies in sweat. These findings highlight the need for research on preventive measures for such rashes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Therapies for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Ⅱ)
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Review

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9 pages, 303 KiB  
Review
Clinical Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with a Poor Performance Status
by Kyoichi Kaira, Hisao Imai, Atsuto Mouri, Ou Yamaguchi and Hiroshi Kagamu
Medicina 2021, 57(11), 1273; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina57111273 - 19 Nov 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2006
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are standard treatments for patients with lung cancer. PD-1/PD-L1 or CTLA4 antibodies are chosen as the first-line therapy, contributing to the long-term survival and tolerability. Unlike molecular targeting agents, such as gefitinib, lung cancer patients with a poor performance [...] Read more.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are standard treatments for patients with lung cancer. PD-1/PD-L1 or CTLA4 antibodies are chosen as the first-line therapy, contributing to the long-term survival and tolerability. Unlike molecular targeting agents, such as gefitinib, lung cancer patients with a poor performance status (PS) display unsatisfactory clinical improvements after ICI treatment. Several previous reports also demonstrated that the PS is identified as one of the most probable prognostic factors for predicting poor outcomes after ICI treatment. However, first-line pembrolizumab seemed to be effective for lung cancer patients with a PS of 2 if PD-L1 expression was greater than 50%. Currently, the induction of ICIs in patients with lung cancer with a poor PS is controversial. These problems are discussed in this review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Therapies for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Ⅱ)
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