Research

Jump to: Review

15 pages, 2170 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association of Nasopharyngeal and Serum Glutathione Metabolism with Bronchiolitis Severity and Asthma Risk: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study

by Michihito Kyo, Zhaozhong Zhu, Makiko Nanishi, Ryohei Shibata, Tadao Ooka, Robert J. Freishtat, Jonathan M. Mansbach, Carlos A. Camargo, Jr. and Kohei Hasegawa

Metabolites 2022, 12(8), 674; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/metabo12080674 - 22 Jul 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1282

Abstract

Infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis are at high risk for asthma. Glutathione-related metabolites may antagonize oxidative stress, which induces airway injuries in respiratory infection and subsequent airway remodeling. However, little is known about the relationship of glutathione-related metabolites with bronchiolitis severity and the risk [...] Read more.

Infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis are at high risk for asthma. Glutathione-related metabolites may antagonize oxidative stress, which induces airway injuries in respiratory infection and subsequent airway remodeling. However, little is known about the relationship of glutathione-related metabolites with bronchiolitis severity and the risk of asthma. In a multicenter prospective observational cohort study of infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis, we measured nasopharyngeal and serum glutathione-related metabolites by using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. We then examined their association with bronchiolitis severity (defined by positive pressure ventilation (PPV) use). We also identified severity-related glutathione-related metabolite signatures and examined their association with asthma at age 6 years. In 1013 infants, we identified 12 nasopharyngeal and 10 serum glutathione-related metabolites. In the multivariable models, lower relative abundances of seven metabolites, e.g., substrates of glutathione, including cysteine (adjOR 0.21, 95%CI 0.06–0.76), glycine (adjOR 0.25, 95%CI 0.07–0.85), and glutamate (adjOR 0.25, 95%CI 0.07–0.88), were significantly associated with PPV use (all FDR < 0.05). These associations were consistent with serum glutathione-related metabolites. The nasopharyngeal glutathione-related metabolite signature was also associated with a significantly higher risk of asthma (adjOR 0.90, 95%CI 0.82–0.99, p = 0.04). In infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis, glutathione-related metabolites were associated with bronchiolitis severity and asthma risk. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics in the Prevention and Management of Asthma)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

17 pages, 1379 KiB

Open AccessReview

Application of Metabolomics in Obesity-Related Childhood Asthma Subtyping: A Narrative Scoping Review

by Heidi Makrinioti, Zhaozhong Zhu, Carlos A. Camargo, Jr., Valentina Fainardi, Kohei Hasegawa, Andrew Bush and Sejal Saglani

Metabolites 2023, 13(3), 328; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/metabo13030328 - 23 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1740

Abstract

Obesity-related asthma is a heterogeneous childhood asthma phenotype with rising prevalence. Observational studies identify early-life obesity or weight gain as risk factors for childhood asthma development. The reverse association is also described, children with asthma have a higher risk of being obese. Obese [...] Read more.

Obesity-related asthma is a heterogeneous childhood asthma phenotype with rising prevalence. Observational studies identify early-life obesity or weight gain as risk factors for childhood asthma development. The reverse association is also described, children with asthma have a higher risk of being obese. Obese children with asthma have poor symptom control and an increased number of asthma attacks compared to non-obese children with asthma. Clinical trials have also identified that a proportion of obese children with asthma do not respond as well to usual treatment (e.g., inhaled corticosteroids). The heterogeneity of obesity-related asthma phenotypes may be attributable to different underlying pathogenetic mechanisms. Although few childhood obesity-related asthma endotypes have been described, our knowledge in this field is incomplete. An evolving analytical profiling technique, metabolomics, has the potential to link individuals’ genetic backgrounds and environmental exposures (e.g., diet) to disease endotypes. This will ultimately help define clinically relevant obesity-related childhood asthma subtypes that respond better to targeted treatment. However, there are challenges related to this approach. The current narrative scoping review summarizes the evidence for metabolomics contributing to asthma subtyping in obese children, highlights the challenges associated with the implementation of this approach, and identifies gaps in research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics in the Prevention and Management of Asthma)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 3423 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

Metabolic Contributions to Pathobiology of Asthma

by Tamanna Roshan Lal, Laura Reck Cechinel, Robert Freishtat and Deepa Rastogi

Metabolites 2023, 13(2), 212; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/metabo13020212 - 31 Jan 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1962

Abstract

Asthma is a heterogenous disorder driven by inflammatory mechanisms that result in multiple phenotypes. Given the complex nature of this condition, metabolomics is being used to delineate the pathobiology of asthma. Metabolomics is the study of metabolites in biology, which includes biofluids, cells, [...] Read more.

Asthma is a heterogenous disorder driven by inflammatory mechanisms that result in multiple phenotypes. Given the complex nature of this condition, metabolomics is being used to delineate the pathobiology of asthma. Metabolomics is the study of metabolites in biology, which includes biofluids, cells, and tissues. These metabolites have a vital role in a disease as they contribute to the pathogenesis of said condition. This review describes how macrometabolic and micrometabolic studies pertaining to these metabolites have contributed to our current understanding of asthma, as well as its many phenotypes. One of the main phenotypes this review will discuss in further detail is obesity as well as diabetes. Distinct roles of metabolites in endotyping asthma and their translation to potential therapy development for asthma is also discussed in this review. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics in the Prevention and Management of Asthma)

► Show Figures