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Metals
Special Issues
Leaching and Recycling of Metals
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Leaching and Recycling of Metals

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Extractive Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 8152

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Silvie Brožová

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
VSB—Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
Interests: metallurgical and materials engineering; blast furnace and steel metallurgical waste—slag, sludge, scale and their processing; use of plasma technology in metallurgy; area of metal, metal-bearing and electrical waste processing; research activities in the field of materials recycling and waste treatment; processing of waste materials by classical and nontraditional methods; modern recycling technologies; alternative use of waste materials; electrolysis—galvanic plating; electrolysis—the use of hydrogen in industry and energy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of the Metals magazine will address the issue of recycling and the possibility of using hydrometallurgical processes in the recovery of metals as a secondary raw material. Nowadays, a large part of research activities is devoted to the processing of waste from industrial production, but also electrical waste, which is one of the fastest generated groups of waste in the world. Hydrometallurgical methods of leaching this type of waste make it possible to obtain strategically important metals, such as copper, gold, and silver, for further use in industrial production. Proper management and recycling of electronic waste helps to protect the environment and help to conserve natural resources.

Another research challenge is the issue of processing selected types of suitably treated waste from industrial production—galvanizing plants. This includes the modeling of the method of waste treatment from electroplating plants in order to obtain material suitable for industrial production and the determination of conditions for hydrometallurgical recovery of selected metals from galvanic sludges. This would involve leaching in both traditional and alternative leaching agents using oxidizing agents.

A separate chapter is a group of industrial waste from the field of metallurgy—blast furnace and steel slag, sludge and scale, and the possibilities of their processing.

This Special Issue calls for research that contributes to the recycling of precious metals from industrial by-products integrated into critical experiments or supported by a new process. In particular, thermodynamic applications are supported, including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and electrochemical processes. Research may address, inter alia, the following areas:

Hydrometallurgical processing of industrial waste.

Recovery of precious metals from electrical waste as a source of secondary raw material.

Development of novel metallurgical processes and related research leading to operations in the field of recycling and environmental protection.

Dr. Silvie Brožová
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Recycling
  • Leaching
  • Waste Material
  • Material
  • Hydrometallurgy
  • Pyrometallurgy
  • Secondary Raw Materials
  • Thermodynamics
  • Environmental Protection
  • Metallurgy

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1759 KiB  
Article
Thermodynamics and Kinetics Research of the Fluorination Process of the Concentrate Rutile
by Vladimir A. Karelin, Son Hai Le, Nadezhda V. Karelina, Alexander N. Strashko, Alexander V. Sazonov and Huong M. T. Le
Metals 2022, 12(1), 34; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met12010034 - 24 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2320
Abstract
The growth in the production of titanium metal and its compounds leads to an increase in the amount of toxic waste. As a result, at the legislative level, emissions of such wastes are limited, which leads to a drop in the production of [...] Read more.
The growth in the production of titanium metal and its compounds leads to an increase in the amount of toxic waste. As a result, at the legislative level, emissions of such wastes are limited, which leads to a drop in the production of titanium-containing products and a shortage of titanium in the international market. This paper presents the results of the process of fluorination of rutile concentrate from the Tarsky deposit (Russia, Omsk region) with elemental fluorine using a laboratory setup of a special design. For fluorination, samples of rutile concentrate weighing 0.1–1.0 g were used. The particle size distribution of particles varied from 2 × 10−6 to 2 × 10−5 m. To determine the possibility of carrying out the process, the calculation of the change in the logarithm of the equilibrium constant versus temperature was performed. The influence of the following operating parameters on the fluorination process has been studied: various concentrations of F2 in a fluorinating mixture of fluorine with nitrogen; process time from 0 to 9 min; different ratios of the initial solid phase to fluorine (10 and 50% excess of fluorine and 10 and 50% of its deficiency); fluorination temperature in the range of 300–1800 K. A kinetic equation is selected that most accurately describes the fluorination process. The values of the activation energy and the preexponential factor in the kinetic equation are determined. The obtained results show that with an increase in the fluorine content in the fluorinating gas mixture and the temperature of the process, the fluorination rate increases. Optimal conditions for fluorination: temperature—680 K; time—5 min excess fluorine in the fluorinating mixture—20–25%. The obtained results allow to propose and consider the conditions of process execution on industrial equipment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leaching and Recycling of Metals)
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12 pages, 2191 KiB  
Article
Selective Leaching of Molybdenum from Bulk Concentrate by Electro-Oxidation
by Kyeong Woo Chung, Ho-Sung Yoon, Chul-Joo Kim and Ho-Seok Jeon
Metals 2021, 11(12), 1904; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met11121904 - 26 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1808
Abstract
This paper proposes selective leaching of molybdenum from Mo/Cu complex bulk concentrates in a 5 M NaCl solution using the electro-oxidation method. Here, the effects of several factors such as pH, pulp density, current density, and temperatures were investigated. A higher leaching yield [...] Read more.
This paper proposes selective leaching of molybdenum from Mo/Cu complex bulk concentrates in a 5 M NaCl solution using the electro-oxidation method. Here, the effects of several factors such as pH, pulp density, current density, and temperatures were investigated. A higher leaching yield of Mo increased with increasing pH from 5 to 9 and decreased with increasing pulp density from 1 to 10%. A rise in current density did not help enhance Mo, and the elevating temperature did not always result in a higher leaching yield. Application of ultrasonic led to higher leaching yield of Mo. Ninety-two percent of leaching yield was obtained upon leaching of Mo in 5 M NaCl at 25 °C, pulp density of 5%, and the current density of 0.292 A/g under ultrasonic irradiation with a power of 27 kW. The resultant residue mainly consisted of chalcopyrite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leaching and Recycling of Metals)
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10 pages, 3557 KiB  
Article
Hydrometallurgical Recycling Process for Mobile Phone Printed Circuit Boards Using Ozone
by Silvie Brožová, Magdalena Lisińska, Mariola Saternus, Bernadeta Gajda, Gražyna Simha Martynková and Aleš Slíva
Metals 2021, 11(5), 820; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/met11050820 - 18 May 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3211
Abstract
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) can be an important source of non-ferrous metals (Al, Sn, Zn, and Ni) and precious metals (Au, Ag, Cu, and Pd). With the continuous increase in demand for metals due to the depletion of ores, recycling of this waste [...] Read more.
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) can be an important source of non-ferrous metals (Al, Sn, Zn, and Ni) and precious metals (Au, Ag, Cu, and Pd). With the continuous increase in demand for metals due to the depletion of ores, recycling of this waste is becoming an attractive alternative. The printed circuits also contain hazardous metals, such as Pb, Hg, As, and Cd. Due to the huge increase in the amount of e-waste, the processing of printed circuit boards for metal recovery and proper handling of hazardous substances has a positive effect on the environment. Pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods are used for the treatment of this waste. Various oxidizing agents are used in the hydrometallurgical processes, including ozone. PCBs from mobile phones were assessed for the recovery of Cu, Sn, and precious metals. The ground and sieved materials were leached in nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid at various process parameters, such as leaching time, leaching agent, and temperature. It was found that the best result was obtained using hydrochloric acid with the addition of ozone at 353 K for a period of 4 h to obtain 68.45 g/dm3 of copper. Preliminary results of electrolysis and cementation are also presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leaching and Recycling of Metals)
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