Dear Colleagues,

Field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors have received great attention over the last two decades for life science applications. These sensors have been proven to be low cost, highly sensitive, label-free, and miniaturized with the perfect capability of integration with lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technologies. Biological FETs (BioFETs), or so-called FET biosensors, basically have the same structure as ion-sensitive FETs (ISFETs), but with the subtle difference that a new biorecognition element has already been covered at the gate. Based on their gate coverage, BioFETs can be Gen-FETs (DNA on the gate), Cell-FETs (biological cells on the gate), Enzyme-FETs (enzymatic reactions on the gate), etc. So far, various structures for BioFETs have been introduced. The vast majority of them are based on cleanroom microfabrication processes, which are not scalable due to the complexity of the fabrication process and the used materials. There are many novel FET sensors that are based on new materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and many other 2D materials. While showing extraordinary sensitivity and improving other sensing features, these sensors are not scalable in mass fabrication. Nevertheless, there are many BioFET structures based on the well-established and almost flawless Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductors (CMOS) technology such as extended gates, floating gates, floating-control gates, etc. Unmodified CMOS-based ISFETs (or BioFETs) are based on the mass-producible CMOS technology; however, there are disadvantages accompanying unmodified CMOS ISFET sensors. The long via pads used for connecting the gate to the channel are the source of parasitic capacitance errors that severely affect the sensor operation. Additionally, the necessity of using bulky Ag/AgCl electrodes in solution hampers further integration with lab-on-a-chip technologies for further personal health monitoring utilization. This Special Issue addresses the design, implementation, modelling, characterization, validation, and/or optimization of FET-based biosensors using standard microfabrication technologies including CMOS or Open-Gate Junction Field-Effect Transistors (OG-JFETs). Additionally, this Special Issue covers topics related to FET-based sensors using nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes or graphene for bioengineering or biomedical engineering applications such as drug testing or other fundamental biological studies.

Dr. Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh
Guest Editor

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• Field Effect Transistor (FET)
• BioFET
• nanomaterials
• Ion-Selective Filed Effect Transistors (ISFET)
• Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) based FET sensors
• pH sensors
• DNA detection
• Point-of-Care Disease Diagnostics (PoCDD)
• life science applications