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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Infection-Induced Chronic Inflammation in Different Compartments of Eye
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Infection-Induced Chronic Inflammation in Different Compartments of Eye

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 6069

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Susmit Suvas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology, Vision and Anatomical Sciences (OVAS), Graduate Officer, Anatomy and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
Interests: herpes simplex virus-1;herpes stromal keratitis
Prof. Dr. Linda D. Hazlett

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
Interests: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; pathogenesis; keratitis; immunity; treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Introduction: Ocular inflammation develops in response to viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections of the eye. Based on the infection site, the inflammation can affect different parts of the eye, such as the cornea, conjunctiva, eyelids, trabecular meshwork, uvea, and retina. If not treated in a timely fashion, infection-induced inflammation of the eye leads to loss of vision and/or blindness. A deeper understanding of the cellular and molecular events associated with ocular infections is essential for developing novel therapeutics to effectively clear the infectious agent and/or resolve the inflammatory cascade.

Focus: This Special Issue will feature the latest scientific discoveries made in the field of microbial infection-induced ocular inflammation. Authors are invited to submit original basic or clinical research work related to microbial infection and infection-induced inflammation of the eye. Authors can also submit original review articles describing the evolution of scientific discoveries for a particular ocular infection and how this scientific knowledge has shaped better management of infection and infection-induced inflammation of the eye.

Dr. Susmit Suvas
Prof. Dr. Linda D. Hazlett
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • viral
  • bacterial
  • fungal
  • parasitic infection

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1925 KiB  
Article
Absence of Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsule Increases Bacterial Binding, Persistence, and Inflammation in Corneal Infection
by Mary A. Carr, Dennis Marcelo, K. Michael Lovell, Angela H. Benton, Nathan A. Tullos, Erin W. Norcross, Brandon Myers, Marcus K. Robbins, Hayley Craddieth and Mary E. Marquart
Microorganisms 2022, 10(4), 710; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10040710 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2789
Abstract
The role of the pneumococcal polysaccharide capsule is largely unclear for Streptococcus pneumoniae keratitis, an ocular inflammatory disease that develops as a result of bacterial infection of the cornea. In this study, capsule-deficient strains were compared to isogenic parent strains in their ability [...] Read more.
The role of the pneumococcal polysaccharide capsule is largely unclear for Streptococcus pneumoniae keratitis, an ocular inflammatory disease that develops as a result of bacterial infection of the cornea. In this study, capsule-deficient strains were compared to isogenic parent strains in their ability to adhere to human corneal epithelial cells. One isogenic pair was further used in topical ocular infection of mice to assess the contribution of the capsule to keratitis. The results showed that non-encapsulated pneumococci were significantly more adherent to cells, persisted in significantly higher numbers on mouse corneas in vivo, and caused significant increases in murine ocular IL9, IL10, IL12-p70, MIG, and MIP-1-gamma compared to encapsulated S. pneumoniae. These findings indicate that the bacterial capsule impedes virulence and the absence of capsule impacts inflammation following corneal infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infection-Induced Chronic Inflammation in Different Compartments of Eye)
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12 pages, 1858 KiB  
Article
Ruxolitinib Alleviates Uveitis Caused by Salmonella typhimurium Endotoxin
by Lin Du, Yolanda Wong Ying Yip, Him Kwan Ng, Bo Man Ho, Jing-Na He, Sun On Chan, Chi Pui Pang and Wai Kit Chu
Microorganisms 2021, 9(7), 1481; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9071481 - 11 Jul 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2667
Abstract
Uveitis is characterized by inflammatory lesions of intraocular structures. It is one of the important manifestations in patients with Reiter’s syndrome, an inflammatory arthritis, which is caused by enteric infection with bacteria, including Salmonella typhimurium. Corticosteroids remain the most frequently used therapies against [...] Read more.
Uveitis is characterized by inflammatory lesions of intraocular structures. It is one of the important manifestations in patients with Reiter’s syndrome, an inflammatory arthritis, which is caused by enteric infection with bacteria, including Salmonella typhimurium. Corticosteroids remain the most frequently used therapies against uveitis associating with inflammatory arthritis. However, the long-term administration of steroids results in many side effects, and some uveitis patients do not respond to steroid treatment. Non-steroidal treatments are needed for uveitis patients. Our previous study found that Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor, ruxolitinib could suppress the expression of proinflammatory mediators in the ciliary body and iris. However, the impacts of ruxolitinib on ophthalmic features in uveitic eyes are still unknown. In this study, Salmonella typhimurium endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) was induced in Sprague Dawley rats by the injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Compared with LPS-induced rats treated with water, ruxolitinib significantly attenuated the clinical manifestations, infiltrating cells and protein exudation in the aqueous humor, and retina–choroid thickening. Amplitudes of b-wave in both scotopic and photopic electroretinogram (ERG), and the amplitude of a-wave in scotopic ERG in EIU animals were alleviated by ruxolitinib. Collectively, we propose ruxolitinib could attenuate endotoxin-induced uveitis and rescue visual functions in rats by inhibiting the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infection-Induced Chronic Inflammation in Different Compartments of Eye)
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