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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Microbial Communities on the Surface of Algae
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Microbial Communities on the Surface of Algae

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 4729

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Tilmann Harder

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Guest Editor
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar Marine Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Interests: chemical ecology; microalgae; plankton; bacteria; mass-spectroscopy
Dr. Jan Tebben

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Guest Editor
Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Section Ecological Chemistry, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
Interests: marine chemical ecology; marine natural products chemistry; marine microbial symbiosis; organic matter cycling; iron cycling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Micro- and macroalgae belong to a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms. As coastal and open ocean ecosystem engineers they significantly contribute to global primary production and the biological carbon pump. Like other eukaryotic organisms, algae live in close association with microorganisms which influence algal fitness, performance and stress resilience, and determine interactions with other species. Given the high population densities of algae in kelp forests and blooms, these interactions have ecosystem-wide implications.

The ecological niche for these interactions is the phycosphere, a nutrient- and metabolite-enriched diffusive boundary layer analogous to the terrestrial plant rhizosphere or phyllosphere. Yet, the principles and steering forces for assembly of algal microbial communities are only partially understood. Questions remain regarding the role of small-scaled host factors versus large-scaled environmental factors in shaping algal microbiomes. Challenges remain in decoupling algal fitness and performance affected by microbiomes from the effect of algae on microbiota and the environment in their immediate surrounding. Other than trace elements and vitamins, the chemical currencies required or exchanged between algae and microorganisms during assembly and functioning of the holobiont are virtually unknown.

This Special Issue of Microorganisms invites contributions addressing the latest advances to these questions and issues in algal microbiome research.

Prof. Dr. Tilmann Harder
Dr. Jan Tebben
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diatoms
  • seaweed
  • kelp
  • microalgae
  • bacteria
  • microbiome
  • phycosphere
  • microbial ecology
  • microbial interaction
  • marine metabolomics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5636 KiB  
Article
Exploring Diversity and Polymer Degrading Potential of Epiphytic Bacteria Isolated from Marine Macroalgae
by Pravin Kumar, Ashish Verma, Shiva S. Sundharam, Anup Kumar Ojha and Srinivasan Krishnamurthi
Microorganisms 2022, 10(12), 2513; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10122513 - 19 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2521
Abstract
The macroalgae surface allows specific bacterial communities to colonize, resulting in complex biological interactions. In recent years, several researchers have studied the diversity and function of the epiphytic bacteria associated with algal host, but largely these interactions remain underexplored. In the present study [...] Read more.
The macroalgae surface allows specific bacterial communities to colonize, resulting in complex biological interactions. In recent years, several researchers have studied the diversity and function of the epiphytic bacteria associated with algal host, but largely these interactions remain underexplored. In the present study we analysed the cultivable diversity and polymer degradation potential of epiphytic bacteria associated with five different marine macroalgae (Sargassum, Ulva, Padina, Dictyota and Pterocladia sp.) sampled from the central west coast of India. Out of the total 360 strains isolated, purified and preserved, about 238 strains were identified through 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and processed for polymer (cellulose, pectin, xylan and starch) degrading activities. Phylogeny placed the strains within the classes Actinobacteria, Bacilli, Alpha-proteobacteria, and Gamma-proteobacteria and clustered them into 45 genera, wherein Vibrio, Bacillus, Pseudoalteromonas, Alteromonas, Staphylococcus and Kocuria spp. were the most abundant with 20 strains identified as potentially novel taxa within the genera Bacillus, Cellulosimicrobium, Gordonia, Marinomonas, Vibrio, Luteimonas and Pseudoalteromonas. In terms of polymer hydrolysis potential, 61.3% had xylanase activity, while 59.7%, 58.8%, and 52.2% had amylase, cellulase, and pectinase activity, respectively. Overall, 75.6% of the strains degraded more than one polysaccharide, 24% degraded all polymers, while nine strains (3.8%) degraded raw sugarcane bagasse. This study showed great potential for seaweed-associated bacteria in the bio-remediation of agro-waste based raw materials, which can be employed in the form of green technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Communities on the Surface of Algae)
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14 pages, 8190 KiB  
Article
Genetic Diversity and Geographical Distribution of the Red Tide Species Coscinodiscus granii Revealed Using a High-Resolution Molecular Marker
by Hailong Huang, Qing Xu, Huiyin Song and Nansheng Chen
Microorganisms 2022, 10(10), 2028; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10102028 - 14 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1419
Abstract
Diatoms are responsible for approximately 40% of the global primary photosynthetic production and account for up to 20% of global carbon fixation. Coscinodiscus granii is a red tide forming species of the phylum Bacillariophyta that has been detected in a wide range of [...] Read more.
Diatoms are responsible for approximately 40% of the global primary photosynthetic production and account for up to 20% of global carbon fixation. Coscinodiscus granii is a red tide forming species of the phylum Bacillariophyta that has been detected in a wide range of coastal regions, suggesting the possibility of the existence of high genetic diversity with differential adaptation. Common molecular markers including 18S rDNA, 16S rDNA, ITS, cox1, and rbcL do not provide sufficient resolution for distinguishing intra-species genetic diversity, hindering in-depth research on intra-species genetic diversity and their spatial and temporal dynamics. In this project, we aimed to develop molecular markers with high resolution and specificity for C. granii, attempting to identify different taxa of this species, which will set up a stage for subsequent functional assays. Comparative genomics analysis of the mtDNAs of C. granii strains identified a genomic region with high genomic variations, which was used to guide the development of a molecular marker with high resolution and high specificity. This new molecular marker, which was named cgmt1 (C. granii mitochondrial 1), was 376 bp in size and differentiated C. granii samples collected in coastal regions of China into three different clades. Preliminary analysis of field samples collected in various coastal regions in China revealed that C. granii clades were almost exclusively found in the Bohai Sea and the north Yellow Sea. This newly developed molecular marker cgmt1 could be used for tracking intra-species genetic diversity and biogeographic distribution of C. granii in different ecosystems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Communities on the Surface of Algae)
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