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Microorganisms
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Microbial Communities in Methane Cycle in Arctic Region
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Microbial Communities in Methane Cycle in Arctic Region

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 8653

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Vitaly V. Kadnikov

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Guest Editor
Skryabin Institute of Bioengineering, Research Centre of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave., 33, bld. 2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
Interests: molecular biology; system biology; genomics; microbiology; metagenomics; microbial community; subsurface
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Methane is known to be the most important greenhouse gas. The release of methane into the atmosphere is associated with both the biogeochemical activity of methanogenic archaea and the release of methane from the melting permafrost and gas hydrates. The release of methane into the atmosphere has been noted in many Arctic landscapes: tundra soils, Arctic lakes of various origins—including thermokarst lakes—and vast coastal areas of the Arctic seas. Methane is effectively used by methanotrophic bacteria, whose community forms a natural biological filter that prevents methane from entering the atmosphere. The composition of the microbial community of the methane cycle, as well as the activity of its functioning, is determined by the factors relating to the influence of the external environment. The pronounced seasonality in the course of all processes associated with the activity of microorganisms is a feature of the Arctic region.

This Special Issue of the journal will publish research results reflecting the composition and structure of microbial communities in the methane cycle in all types of ecosystems in the Arctic region. Manuscripts containing quantitative estimates of the activity of microbial processes, as well as the geochemical consequences of microbial processes in the methane cycle, will also be accepted. The urgent task of the Special Issue is to search for connections between the composition and activity of microbial processes in the methane cycle, on the one hand, and climate change in the Arctic region, on the other.

Dr. V. V. Kadnikov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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21 pages, 2990 KiB  
Article
Microbial Communities Involved in Methane, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Cycling in the Sediments of the Barents Sea
by Shahjahon Begmatov, Alexander S. Savvichev, Vitaly V. Kadnikov, Alexey V. Beletsky, Igor I. Rusanov, Alexey A. Klyuvitkin, Ekaterina A. Novichkova, Andrey V. Mardanov, Nikolai V. Pimenov and Nikolai V. Ravin
Microorganisms 2021, 9(11), 2362; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9112362 - 15 Nov 2021
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 4311
Abstract
A combination of physicochemical and radiotracer analysis, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA, and particulate methane monooxygenase subunit A (pmoA) genes was used to link a microbial community profile with methane, sulfur, and nitrogen cycling processes. The objects of study were [...] Read more.
A combination of physicochemical and radiotracer analysis, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA, and particulate methane monooxygenase subunit A (pmoA) genes was used to link a microbial community profile with methane, sulfur, and nitrogen cycling processes. The objects of study were surface sediments sampled at five stations in the northern part of the Barents Sea. The methane content in the upper layers (0–5 cm) ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 µM and increased with depth (16–19 cm) to 9.5 µM. The rate of methane oxidation in the oxic upper layers varied from 2 to 23 nmol CH4 L−1 day−1 and decreased to 0.3 nmol L−1 day−1 in the anoxic zone at a depth of 16–19 cm. Sulfate reduction rates were much higher, from 0.3 to 2.8 µmol L−1 day−1. In the surface sediments, ammonia-oxidizing Nitrosopumilaceae were abundant; the subsequent oxidation of nitrite to nitrate can be carried out by Nitrospira sp. Aerobic methane oxidation could be performed by uncultured deep-sea cluster 3 of gamma-proteobacterial methanotrophs. Undetectable low levels of methanogenesis were consistent with a near complete absence of methanogens. Anaerobic methane oxidation in the deeper sediments was likely performed by ANME-2a-2b and ANME-2c archaea in consortium with sulfate-reducing Desulfobacterota. Sulfide can be oxidized by nitrate-reducing Sulfurovum sp. Thus, the sulfur cycle was linked with the anaerobic oxidation of methane and the nitrogen cycle, which included the oxidation of ammonium to nitrate in the oxic zone and denitrification coupled to the oxidation of sulfide in the deeper sediments. Methane concentrations and rates of microbial biogeochemical processes in sediments in the northern part of the Barents Sea were noticeably higher than in oligotrophic areas of the Arctic Ocean, indicating that an increase in methane concentration significantly activates microbial processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Communities in Methane Cycle in Arctic Region)
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20 pages, 5333 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Above-Ground Herbivory on the Response of Arctic Soil Methanotrophs to Increasing CH4 Concentrations and Temperatures
by Edda M. Rainer, Christophe V. W. Seppey, Caroline Hammer, Mette M. Svenning and Alexander T. Tveit
Microorganisms 2021, 9(10), 2080; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9102080 - 02 Oct 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2050 | Correction
Abstract
Rising temperatures in the Arctic affect soil microorganisms, herbivores, and peatland vegetation, thus directly and indirectly influencing microbial CH4 production. It is not currently known how methanotrophs in Arctic peat respond to combined changes in temperature, CH4 concentration, and vegetation. We [...] Read more.
Rising temperatures in the Arctic affect soil microorganisms, herbivores, and peatland vegetation, thus directly and indirectly influencing microbial CH4 production. It is not currently known how methanotrophs in Arctic peat respond to combined changes in temperature, CH4 concentration, and vegetation. We studied methanotroph responses to temperature and CH4 concentration in peat exposed to herbivory and protected by exclosures. The methanotroph activity was assessed by CH4 oxidation rate measurements using peat soil microcosms and a pure culture of Methylobacter tundripaludum SV96, qPCR, and sequencing of pmoA transcripts. Elevated CH4 concentrations led to higher CH4 oxidation rates both in grazed and exclosed peat soils, but the strongest response was observed in grazed peat soils. Furthermore, the relative transcriptional activities of different methanotroph community members were affected by the CH4 concentrations. While transcriptional responses to low CH4 concentrations were more prevalent in grazed peat soils, responses to high CH4 concentrations were more prevalent in exclosed peat soils. We observed no significant methanotroph responses to increasing temperatures. We conclude that methanotroph communities in these peat soils respond to changes in the CH4 concentration depending on their previous exposure to grazing. This “conditioning” influences which strains will thrive and, therefore, determines the function of the methanotroph community. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Communities in Methane Cycle in Arctic Region)
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1 pages, 153 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Rainer et al. The Influence of Above-Ground Herbivory on the Response of Arctic Soil Methanotrophs to Increasing CH4 Concentrations and Temperatures. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 2080
by Edda M. Rainer, Christophe V. W. Seppey, Caroline Hammer, Mette M. Svenning and Alexander T. Tveit
Microorganisms 2021, 9(12), 2535; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9122535 - 08 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1676
Abstract
The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Communities in Methane Cycle in Arctic Region)
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