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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Plant Pathogens in a Global Change Context
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Plant Pathogens in a Global Change Context

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Microbe Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 11480

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Helena Gil Azinheira

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Guest Editor
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: plant pathogens; coffee diseases; gene expression
Dr. Danielle Ribeiro de Barros

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel (FAEM), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), 96010-610 Pelotas-RS, Brazil
Interests: phytopathology; plant Virology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, phytoplasmas, viruses and nematodes lead to many billions of dollars’ worth of direct and indirect losses every year. Plant pathogens threaten the maintenance of the quality and abundance of food, feed and fiber globally. Over the past 100 years, agronomic practices and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides have supported highly substantial improvements in crop productivity and quality. However, the strict regulations on chemical pesticide use, and the public pressure to protect the environment by significantly reducing the use of chemicals on agriculture, make plant protection an important duty and difficulty mission.

Based on the the knowledge on plant resistance, in order to reduce and prevent plant diseases, a greater understanding of the physiology, biochemistry, transcriptomics, and genomics of pathogens needs to be generated to clarify the mechanisms of virulence and host adaption, linking the molecular basis for pathogenicity to plant resistance, to generate a full scenario of global food security and global changes.

The aim of this Special Issue of Microorganisms is to present a collection of articles that provide a current snapshot of research considering changes in a global context from a pathogen’s perspective regarding plant–pathogen interactions. Research articles as well as reviews or mini reviews about proteomics, metabolomics, genomics, transcriptomics, or epigenetics to uncover plant–pathogen relationships, pathogenicity, virulence, and the control of plant pathogens are welcome.

Dr. Helena Gil Azinheira
Dr. Danielle Ribeiro de Barros
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant diseases
  • plant pathogens
  • plant-pathogen interactions

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 8647 KiB  
Article
Molecular and Genomic Characterization of the Pseudomonas syringae Phylogroup 4: An Emerging Pathogen of Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana
by Diego Zavala, Isabel Fuenzalida, María Victoria Gangas, Micaela Peppino Margutti, Claudia Bartoli, Fabrice Roux, Claudio Meneses, Ariel Herrera-Vásquez and Francisca Blanco-Herrera
Microorganisms 2022, 10(4), 707; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10040707 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3499
Abstract
Environmental fluctuations such as increased temperature, water availability, and air CO2 concentration triggered by climate change influence plant disease dynamics by affecting hosts, pathogens, and their interactions. Here, we describe a newly discovered Pseudomonas syringae strain found in a natural population of [...] Read more.
Environmental fluctuations such as increased temperature, water availability, and air CO2 concentration triggered by climate change influence plant disease dynamics by affecting hosts, pathogens, and their interactions. Here, we describe a newly discovered Pseudomonas syringae strain found in a natural population of Arabidopsis thaliana collected from the southwest of France. This strain, called Psy RAYR-BL, is highly virulent on natural Arabidopsis accessions, Arabidopsis model accession Columbia 0, and tobacco plants. Despite the severe disease phenotype caused by the Psy RAYR-BL strain, we identified a reduced repertoire of putative Type III virulence effectors by genomic sequencing compared to P. syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000. Furthermore, hopBJ1Psy is found exclusively on the Psy RAYR-BL genome but not in the Pst DC3000 genome. The plant expression of HopBJ1Psy induces ROS accumulation and cell death. In addition, HopBJ1Psy participates as a virulence factor in this plant-pathogen interaction, likely explaining the severity of the disease symptoms. This research describes the characterization of a newly discovered plant pathogen strain and possible virulence mechanisms underlying the infection process shaped by natural and changing environmental conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Pathogens in a Global Change Context)
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15 pages, 4861 KiB  
Article
The Fungal Effector Mlp37347 Alters Plasmodesmata Fluxes and Enhances Susceptibility to Pathogen
by Md. Saifur Rahman, Mst Hur Madina, Mélodie B. Plourde, Karen Cristine Gonçalves dos Santos, Xiaoqiang Huang, Yang Zhang, Jean-François Laliberté and Hugo Germain
Microorganisms 2021, 9(6), 1232; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9061232 - 06 Jun 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3086
Abstract
Melampsora larici-populina (Mlp) is a devastating pathogen of poplar trees, causing the defoliating poplar leaf rust disease. Genomic studies have revealed that Mlp possesses a repertoire of 1184 small secreted proteins (SSPs), some of them being characterized as candidate effectors. However, how they [...] Read more.
Melampsora larici-populina (Mlp) is a devastating pathogen of poplar trees, causing the defoliating poplar leaf rust disease. Genomic studies have revealed that Mlp possesses a repertoire of 1184 small secreted proteins (SSPs), some of them being characterized as candidate effectors. However, how they promote virulence is still unclear. This study investigates the candidate effector Mlp37347’s role during infection. We developed a stable Arabidopsis transgenic line expressing Mlp37347 tagged with the green fluorescent protein (GFP). We found that the effector accumulated exclusively at plasmodesmata (PD). Moreover, the presence of the effector at plasmodesmata favors enhanced plasmodesmatal flux and reduced callose deposition. Transcriptome profiling and a gene ontology (GO) analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing the effector revealed that the genes involved in glucan catabolic processes are up-regulated. This effector has previously been shown to interact with glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD1), and in silico docking analysis supported the strong binding between Mlp37347 and GAD1 in this study. In infection assays, the effector promoted Hyalonoperospora arabidopsidis growth but not bacterial growth. Our investigation suggests that the effector Mlp37347 targets PD in host cells and promotes parasitic growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Pathogens in a Global Change Context)
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Review

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13 pages, 648 KiB  
Review
Control Strategies of Clubroot Disease Caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae
by Christine Struck, Stefanie Rüsch and Becke Strehlow
Microorganisms 2022, 10(3), 620; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10030620 - 14 Mar 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4244
Abstract
The clubroot disease caused by the soil-borne pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae is one of the most important diseases of cruciferous crops worldwide. As with many plant pathogens, the spread is closely related to the cultivation of suitable host plants. In addition, temperature and water [...] Read more.
The clubroot disease caused by the soil-borne pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae is one of the most important diseases of cruciferous crops worldwide. As with many plant pathogens, the spread is closely related to the cultivation of suitable host plants. In addition, temperature and water availability are crucial determinants for the occurrence and reproduction of clubroot disease. Current global changes are contributing to the widespread incidence of clubroot disease. On the one hand, global trade and high prices are leading to an increase in the cultivation of the host plant rapeseed worldwide. On the other hand, climate change is improving the living conditions of the pathogen P. brassicae in temperate climates and leading to its increased occurrence. Well-known ways to control efficiently this disease include arable farming strategies: growing host plants in wide crop rotations, liming the contaminated soils, and using resistant host plants. Since chemical control of the clubroot disease is not possible or not ecologically compatible, more and more alternative control options are being investigated. In this review, we address the challenges for its control, with a focus on biological control options. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Pathogens in a Global Change Context)
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