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Microorganisms
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Probiotic Microorganism in Plants, Rhizosphere and Soil 2021
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Probiotic Microorganism in Plants, Rhizosphere and Soil 2021

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 11785

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Diana Di Gioia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, viale Fanin, 4240127 Bologna, Italy
Interests: gut microbiota; probiotics and prebiotics; antibacterials; probiotic microorganism in plants; rhizosphere and soil
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plants and the soil in which they grow are part of a rich ecosystem including numerous diverse microorganisms. It has been long recognized that some of these microbes play important roles in plant growth, health and productivity by deploying different functions, including improved nutrition, antibiotic secretion and improved resistance to pathogens.

In the last few years, knowledge on the rhizosphere microbiota, its interaction with plants and its role in soil fertility has progressed. There is clear evidence that plants shape the structure of this microbiota, most probably by root exudates and also that bacteria have developed various adaptations to survive and grow in this hard rhizospheric niche. The mechanisms of these interactions still need to be elucidated, and further studies are necessary.

Moreover, it has become clear in the last decade that the addition of beneficial microorganisms, referred to as "probiotics", to the rhizosphere may be a successful way to improve plant health and soil nutrient management. This Special Issue aims to summarize current knowledge on the interactions between plants and rhizosphere associated bacteria and/or inoculated bacteria to improve the understanding of this aspect of plant nutrition.

For this purpose, we invite you to submit research articles, review articles and short communications related to the relationship between beneficial and probiotic microorganisms and the plant/soil system.

Dr. Diana Di Gioia
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • beneficial microorganisms
  • probiotics
  • plant nutrition
  • rhizosphere
  • soil fertility
  • plant–soil interaction

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2164 KiB  
Article
A Legume Host Benefits More from Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Than a Grass Host in the Presence of a Root Hemiparasitic Plant
by Xiaolin Sui, Kaiyun Guan, Yan Chen, Ruijuan Xue and Airong Li
Microorganisms 2022, 10(2), 440; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10020440 - 15 Feb 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2077
Abstract
In nature, most plants parasitized by root hemiparasites are also colonized by mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, highlighting the prevalence of this tripartite interaction. AM colonization is generally found to improve the growth of parasitized legumes but has little impact on grass hosts [...] Read more.
In nature, most plants parasitized by root hemiparasites are also colonized by mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, highlighting the prevalence of this tripartite interaction. AM colonization is generally found to improve the growth of parasitized legumes but has little impact on grass hosts parasitized by root hemiparasites, and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we conducted a pot experiment to test the influence of AM fungus (Glomus mosseae) on the growth and photosynthesis of leguminous Trifolium repens and gramineous Elymus nutans in the presence of a root hemiparasitic plant (Pedicularis kansuensis). The results showed that inoculation with AM fungi significantly improved the growth performance of parasitized legumes via enhancing their nutrient status and photosynthetic capacity, even though a larger P. kansuensis parasitized the legume host in the AM treatment. In contrast, AM colonization slightly improved the shoot DW of grass hosts by suppressing haustoria formation and the growth of P. kansuensis. Our results demonstrated that legume hosts benefit more from AM inoculation than grass hosts in the presence of hemiparasitic plants, and set out the various mechanisms. This study provides new clues for parsing the tritrophic interaction of AM fungi, parasitic plants, and host plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotic Microorganism in Plants, Rhizosphere and Soil 2021)
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17 pages, 1904 KiB  
Article
Effect of Inoculation Level on the Impact of the PGPR Azospirillum lipoferum CRT1 on Selected Microbial Functional Groups in the Rhizosphere of Field Maize
by Sébastien Renoud, Danis Abrouk, Claire Prigent-Combaret, Florence Wisniewski-Dyé, Laurent Legendre, Yvan Moënne-Loccoz and Daniel Muller
Microorganisms 2022, 10(2), 325; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10020325 - 31 Jan 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2846
Abstract
The impact of inoculated plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on its host physiology and nutrition depends on inoculum level. Whether the impact of the inoculated PGPR on the indigenous rhizosphere microbiota also varies with the PGPR inoculum level is unclear. Here, we tested this [...] Read more.
The impact of inoculated plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on its host physiology and nutrition depends on inoculum level. Whether the impact of the inoculated PGPR on the indigenous rhizosphere microbiota also varies with the PGPR inoculum level is unclear. Here, we tested this issue using the PGPR Azospirillum lipoferum CRT1—maize model system, where the initial seed inoculation is known to enhance maize growth and germination, and impacts the maize rhizomicrobiota, including microbial functional groups modulating plant growth. A. lipoferum CRT1 was added to the seeds at standard (105–6 cells.seed−1) or reduced (104–5 cells.seed−1) inoculation levels, in three fields. The effect of the two PGPR formulations was assessed on maize growth and on the nifH (nitrogen fixation), acdS (ACC deaminase activity) and phlD (2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol production) microbial functional groups. The size of the three functional groups was monitored by qPCR at the six-leaf stage and the flowering stage, and the diversity of the nifH and acdS functional groups (as well as the bacterial community) were estimated by MiSeq metabarcoding at the six-leaf stage. The results showed that the benefits of the reduced inoculant formulation were significant in two out of three fields, but different (often lower) than those of the standard formulation. The effects of formulations on the size of the three functional groups differed, and depended on field site and functional group. The reduced formulation had an impact on the diversity of nifH and acdS groups at one site, whereas the standard formulation had an impact at the two other sites. Inoculation significantly impacted the total bacterial community in the three fields, but only with the reduced formulation. In conclusion, the reduced inoculant formulation impacted the indigenous rhizosphere microbiota differently, but not less efficiently, than the standard formulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotic Microorganism in Plants, Rhizosphere and Soil 2021)
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11 pages, 3363 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Microorganisms from Protaetia brevitarsis Larva Frass
by Huina Xuan, Peiwen Gao, Baohai Du, Lili Geng, Kui Wang, Kun Huang, Jie Zhang, Tianpei Huang and Changlong Shu
Microorganisms 2022, 10(2), 311; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10020311 - 28 Jan 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2699
Abstract
Decomposers play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle. Protaetia brevitarsis larvae (PBLs) can transform wastes into frass rich in humic acid (HA) and microorganisms, which may increase the disease resistance of plants and promote plant growth. Beyond HA, the microorganisms may also [...] Read more.
Decomposers play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle. Protaetia brevitarsis larvae (PBLs) can transform wastes into frass rich in humic acid (HA) and microorganisms, which may increase the disease resistance of plants and promote plant growth. Beyond HA, the microorganisms may also contribute to the biostimulant activity. To address this hypothesis, we investigated the potential microbial community in the PBL frass samples and elucidated their functions of disease resistance and plant growth promotion. High-throughput sequencing analysis of four PBL-relevant samples showed that their frass can influence the microbial community of the surrounding environment. Further analysis showed that there were many microorganisms beneficial to agriculture, such as Bacillus. Therefore, culturable Bacillus microbes were isolated from frass, and 16S rDNA gene analysis showed that Bacillus subtilis was the dominant species. In addition, some Bacillus microorganisms isolated from the PBL frass had antibacterial activities against pathogenic fungi. The plant growth promotion pot experiment also proved that some strains promote plant growth. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the microorganisms in the PBL frass are conducive to colonizing the surrounding organic matrix, which will help beneficial microbes to increase the disease resistance of plants and promote plant growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotic Microorganism in Plants, Rhizosphere and Soil 2021)
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18 pages, 3598 KiB  
Article
Inoculation with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria to Reduce Phosphate Fertilization Requirement and Enhance Technological Quality and Yield of Sugarcane
by Poliana Aparecida Leonel Rosa, Fernando Shintate Galindo, Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira, Arshad Jalal, Emariane Satin Mortinho, Guilherme Carlos Fernandes, Evelyn Maria Rocha Marega, Salatiér Buzetti and Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho
Microorganisms 2022, 10(1), 192; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10010192 - 17 Jan 2022
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3391
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a critical nutrient for high sugarcane yields throughout its cultivation cycles, however, a higher amount of P becomes rapidly unavailable to plants due to its adsorption to soil colloids. Some plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) may be able to enhance P [...] Read more.
Phosphorus (P) is a critical nutrient for high sugarcane yields throughout its cultivation cycles, however, a higher amount of P becomes rapidly unavailable to plants due to its adsorption to soil colloids. Some plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) may be able to enhance P availability to plants and produce phytohormones that contribute to crop development, quality, and yield. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate leaf concentrations of nitrogen (N) and P, yield, and technological quality of sugarcane as a function of different levels of phosphate fertilization associated with inoculation of PGPBs. The experiment was carried out at Ilha Solteira, São Paulo—Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications, consisting of five phosphorus rates (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the recommended P2O5 rate) and eight inoculations, involving three species of PGPBs (Azospirillum brasilense, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas fluorescens) which were applied combined or in a single application into the planting furrow of RB92579 sugarcane variety. The inoculation of B. subtilis and P. fluorescens provided a higher concentration of leaf P in sugarcane. The P2O5 rates combined with inoculation of bacteria alter technological variables and stalk yield of sugarcane. The excess and lack of phosphate fertilizer is harmful to sugarcane cultivation, regardless of the use of growth-promoting bacteria. We recommend the inoculation with A. brasilense + B. subtilis associated with 45 kg ha−1 of P2O5 aiming at greater stalk yield. This treatment also increases sugar yield, resulting in a savings of 75% of the recommended P2O5 rate, thus being a more efficient and sustainable alternative for reducing sugarcane crop production costs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotic Microorganism in Plants, Rhizosphere and Soil 2021)
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