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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Joaquim Ruiz

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Guest Editor

1. Research Group of Dynamics and Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
2. Research Group of Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; ESKAPE-EC; one health; new antibacterial agents; mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance; Carrion’s disease; bacterial vector-borne diseases

Dr. Maria J. Pons

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Laboratorio de Genética Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
Interests: antibiotic resistance; one health; emerging diseases; extended-spectrum β-lactamases; Carrion’s disease; Bartonella bacilliformis; immune response; infectious disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

From the description of nalidixic acid onwards, quinolones have gradually been positioned as one of the most relevant antimicrobials worldwide, being heavily used in human and veterinary health. However, several concerns loom on the quinolone’s horizon, including the increasing levels of bacterial resistance or the recent warnings around possible antibacterial-family-associated aortic aneurysms and dissection in patients at risk.

This Special Issue is focused on all facets of quinolones, including the characterization and usefulness of new members of this antimicrobial family, as well as the analysis of human and veterinary uses, including those non-canonical uses beyond bacteria. Resistance levels in different areas and microorganisms and the analysis of known and/or new mechanisms of quinolone resistance are within the issue’s scope, with studies focused on the characterization of chromosomal mutations or gene expression alterations out of classical quinolone targets and efflux pumps being of special interest. Approaches from a “One Health” point of view and analyses of the environmental impact of quinolones are especially considered. Further, studies focused on quinolones and biofilm eradication or prevention, as well as exploration of associations between quinolones and virulence, are appreciated. Finally, approaches to the side-effects of quinolones, either as an antibacterial class or related to specific substituents, as well as negative impact of quinolone on the environment are welcomed.

Dr. Joaquim Ruiz
Dr. Maria J. Pons
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Quinolones in the pipeline
Quinolone pharmacokinetics
Therapeutic uses of quinolones
Non-canonical uses of quinolones
Quinolones in veterinary practices
Quinolones in aquiculture
Quinolones and the environment
Quinolones in the food chain
One health and quinolones
Quinolone resistance
Established and non-canonical mechanisms of quinolone resistance
Quinolones side-effects
Quinolones and bacterial virulence
Quinolones and biofilm

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

10 pages, 965 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance (PMQR) in Two Clinical Strains of Salmonella enterica Serovar Corvallis

by Xenia Vázquez, Javier Fernández, Silvia Hernáez, Rosaura Rodicio and Maria Rosario Rodicio

Microorganisms 2022, 10(3), 579; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms10030579 - 07 Mar 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2000

Abstract

Non-typhoid serovars of Salmonella enterica are one of the main causes of bacterial food-borne infections worldwide. For the treatment of severe cases of salmonellosis in adults, fluoroquinolones are amongst the drugs of choice. They are categorized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “critically important with highest priority in human medicine”. In the present study, two clinical S. enterica serovar Corvallis isolates (HUA 5/18 and HUA 6/18) from a Spanish hospital, selected on the basis of fluoroquinolone resistance, were characterized. The MICs of ciprofloxacin, determined by E-test, were 0.5 and 0.75 µg/mL for HUA 5/18 and HUA 6/18, respectively, and both were also resistant to pefloxacin but susceptible to nalidixic acid. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the isolates was performed with Illumina platform, and different bioinformatics tools were used for sequence analysis. The two isolates belonged to ST1541, and had the Thr57Ser substitution in the ParC protein which is also found in ciprofloxacin susceptible isolates. However, they harbored identical ColE plasmids of 10 kb carrying the qnrS1 gene. In these plasmids, the gene was flanked by defective versions of IS2-like and ISKra4-like insertion sequences. HUA 5/18 and HUA 6/18 were also phenotypically resistant to streptomycin, sulfonamides and tetracycline, with the responsible genes: strA, strB, sul2 and tet(A) genes, being located on a IncQ1 plasmid. ColE plasmids with the qnrS1 gene are widely spread among multiple serovars of S. enterica from different samples and countries. These mobilizable plasmids are playing an important role in the worldwide spread of qnrS1. Thus, their detection in hospitals is a cause of concern which deserves further attention. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quinolone Antibiotics: Insights, Challenges, and Risks)

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Review

Jump to: Research

20 pages, 2630 KiB

Open AccessReview

Fluoroquinolone-Transition Metal Complexes: A Strategy to Overcome Bacterial Resistance

by Mariana Ferreira and Paula Gameiro

Microorganisms 2021, 9(7), 1506; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/microorganisms9071506 - 14 Jul 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3362

Abstract

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are antibiotics widely used in the clinical practice due to their large spectrum of action against Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. Nevertheless, the misuse and overuse of these antibiotics has triggered the development of bacterial resistance mechanisms. One of the strategies to circumvent this problem is the complexation of FQs with transition metal ions, known as metalloantibiotics, which can promote different activity and enhanced pharmacological behaviour. Here, we discuss the stability of FQ metalloantibiotics and their possible translocation pathways. The main goal of the present review is to frame the present knowledge on the conjunction of biophysical and biological tools that can help to unravel the antibacterial action of FQ metalloantibiotics. An additional goal is to shed light on the studies that must be accomplished to ensure stability and viability of such metalloantibiotics. Potentiometric, spectroscopic, microscopic, microbiological, and computational techniques are surveyed. Stability and partition constants, interaction with membrane porins and elucidation of their role in the influx, determination of the antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates, elucidation of the mechanism of action, and toxicity assays are described for FQ metalloantibiotics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quinolone Antibiotics: Insights, Challenges, and Risks)

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