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Innovative and Green Extraction Technologies for Recovery of Biomolecules

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Published Papers

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Green Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 12865

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Loubna Firdaous

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Joint Research Unit INRAE ULille ULiège UPJV, BioEcoAgro 1158, Charles Viollette Institute, Lille, France
Interests: membrane processes; electrodialysis; selective fractionation; bioseparation; desalination; biomolecules; valorization of co-products

Prof. Dr. Pascal Dhulster

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Guest Editor

Joint Research Unit INRAE ULille ULiège UPJV, BioEcoAgro 1158, Charles Viollette Institute, Lille, France
Interests: bioprocesses; biomolecules; bioseparation; integrated processes; membrane processes; membrane bioreactor; membrane enzymatic reactor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The significant advances in white biotechnologies, through the use of enzymes and/or microorganisms, make it possible to obtain innovative bioproducts with high added value which have been extensively studied for potential industrial applications. Moreover, agro-industrial byproducts and residues are increasingly being regarded as a raw material for the production of novel biocompounds whose valorization is considered as a driving force in the implementation of “zero waste policies”. However, an obstacle for producing biomolecules is the economic and environmental cost associated with their conventional extraction and purification processes. Conventional extraction techniques are time consuming, require a large volume of solvents, generate hazardous residues, use high temperatures, and are highly energy demanding, which can contribute to the degradation of target biomolecules. Therefore, the implementation of green extraction technologies, such as ionic liquid solvents, green solvents, supercritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and pressured liquid extraction has been growing. These new technologies increase the extraction yield and reduce the required processing time and resources. Moreover, they are safe and ecofriendly.

Owing to the diversity and complexity of biomolecules and the differences in their features, the scope of this Special Issue focuses on the evaluation of green extraction techniques for the recovery of biomolecules of interest contained in complex matrixes. In particular, the scope is based on though not limited to studies at pilot scales prior to industrial exploitations, the combination of green techniques to overcome some shortcomings, and research related to environmental impact. Both original papers and reviews are welcome.

Dr. Loubna Firdaous
Prof. Dr. Pascal Dhulster
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

high-value biomolecules
biomolecule characterization
biomass
industrial byproducts
advanced solvents
supercritical fluid extraction
pulsed electric-assisted extraction
enzyme-assisted extraction
microwave-assisted extraction
ultrasound-assisted extraction
high-pressure-assisted extraction
pressurized liquid extraction
extrusion-assisted extraction
membrane technology
emerging aqueous two-phase systems
ionic liquid-based extraction
environmental impact

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1436 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Efficient Ionic Liquid-Mediated Extraction and Enrichment of Isoimperatorin from Ostericum koreanum (Max.) Kitagawa

by Alice Nguvoko Kiyonga, Gyu Hwan Park, Hyun Su Kim, Young-Ger Suh, Tae Kon Kim and Kiwon Jung

Molecules 2021, 26(21), 6555; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26216555 - 29 Oct 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1520

Abstract

Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted significant interest because of their desirable properties. These characteristics have improved their application to overcome the shortcomings of conventional separation techniques for phytochemicals. In this study, several ILs were investigated for their capacity to extract isoimperatorin, a bioactive furanocoumarin, from the roots of Ostericum koreanum. Herein, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF₄]) was selected as a promising IL for separating isoimperatorin. A central composite design was applied to optimize the extraction conditions. Under the optimal conditions, the yield of isoimperatorin reached 97.17 ± 1.84%. Additionally, the recovery of isoimperatorin from the [Bmim][BF₄] solution was successfully achieved (87.73 ± 2.37%) by crystallization using water as an antisolvent. The purity of the isoimperatorin was greatly enhanced, from 0.26 ± 0.28% in the raw material to 26.94 ± 1.26% in the product, in a one-step crystallization process. Namely, an enhancement of approximately 103-folds was reached. The developed approach overcomes the shortcomings of conventional separation methods applied for gaining isoimperatorin by significantly reducing the laboriousness of the process and the consumption of volatile organic solvents. Moreover, the simplicity and effectiveness of the method are assumed to be valuable for producing isoimperatorin-enriched products and for promoting its purification. This work also confirms the efficiency of ILs as a promising material for the separation of phytochemicals. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative and Green Extraction Technologies for Recovery of Biomolecules)

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12 pages, 1508 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Selective Extraction of Sinapic Acid Derivatives from Mustard Seed Meal by Acting on pH: Toward a High Antioxidant Activity Rich Extract

by Morad Chadni, Amandine L. Flourat, Valentin Reungoat, Louis M. M. Mouterde, Florent Allais and Irina Ioannou

Molecules 2021, 26(1), 212; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26010212 - 03 Jan 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3341

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to study the effect of the pH on the extraction of sinapic acid and its derivatives from mustard seed meal. Solutions of acidic pH (pH 2), basic pH (pH 12) and distilled water (uncontrolled pH ~ 4.5) were tested at different percentages of ethanol. The maximum extraction yield for sinapic acid (13.22 µmol/g of dry matter (DM)) was obtained with a buffered aqueous solution at pH 12. For ethyl sinapate, the maximum extraction yield reached 9.81 µmol/g _DM with 70% ethanol/buffered aqueous solution at pH 12. The maximum extraction yield of sinapine (15.73 µmol/g _DM) was achieved with 70% ethanol/buffered aqueous solution at pH 2. The antioxidant activity of each extract was assessed by DPPH assay; the results indicated that the extracts obtained at pH 12 and at low ethanol percentages (<50%) exhibit a higher antioxidant activity than extracts obtained at acidic conditions. Maximum antioxidant activity was reached at pH 12 with buffer solution (11.37 mg of Trolox Equivalent/g _DM), which confirms that sinapic acid-rich fractions exhibit a higher antioxidant activity. Thus, to obtain rich antioxidant extracts, it is suggested to promote the presence of sinapic acid in the extracts. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative and Green Extraction Technologies for Recovery of Biomolecules)

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Review

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61 pages, 843 KiB

Open AccessReview

Recent Advances in Supercritical CO₂ Extraction of Pigments, Lipids and Bioactive Compounds from Microalgae

by Soultana Tzima, Ioulia Georgiopoulou, Vasiliki Louli and Kostis Magoulas

Molecules 2023, 28(3), 1410; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules28031410 - 02 Feb 2023

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4476

Abstract

Supercritical CO₂ extraction is a green method that combines economic and environmental benefits. Microalgae, on the other hand, is a biomass in abundance, capable of providing a vast variety of valuable compounds, finding applications in the food industry, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and biofuels. An extensive study on the existing literature concerning supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of microalgae has been carried out focusing on carotenoids, chlorophylls, lipids and fatty acids recovery, as well as the bioactivity of the extracts. Moreover, kinetic models used to describe SFE process and experimental design are included. Finally, biomass pretreatment processes applied prior to SFE are mentioned, and other extraction methods used as benchmarks are also presented. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative and Green Extraction Technologies for Recovery of Biomolecules)

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Graphical abstract

22 pages, 734 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Food Industry Byproducts as Starting Material for Innovative, Green Feed Formulation: A Sustainable Alternative for Poultry Feeding

by Leonardo Brunetti, Rosalba Leuci, Maria Antonietta Colonna, Rossana Carrieri, Francesco Emanuele Celentano, Giancarlo Bozzo, Fulvio Loiodice, Maria Selvaggi, Vincenzo Tufarelli and Luca Piemontese

Molecules 2022, 27(15), 4735; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules27154735 - 25 Jul 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2746

Abstract

Rising global populations and enhanced standards of living in so-called developing countries have led to an increased demand of food, in particular meat, worldwide. While increasing the production of broiler meat could be a potential solution to this problem, broiler meat is plagued by health concerns, such as the development of antimicrobial resistance and lower meat quality. For this reason, the supplementation of poultry feed with vitamins and antioxidant compounds, such as polyphenols, has become an attractive prospect for research in this sector. Such supplements could be obtained by extraction of agricultural byproducts (in particular, grape pomaces and artichoke leaves and bracts), thus contributing to reductions in the total amount of waste biomass produced by the agricultural industry. In this review, the effects of poultry feed supplementation with bioactive extracts from grape pomace (skins and/or seeds), as well as extracts from artichoke leaves and bracts, were explored. Moreover, the various methods that have been employed to obtain extracts from these and other agricultural byproducts were listed and described, with a particular focus on novel, eco-friendly extraction methods (using, for example, innovative and biocompatible solvents like Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs)) that could reduce the costs and energy consumption of these procedures, with similar or higher yields compared to standard methods. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative and Green Extraction Technologies for Recovery of Biomolecules)

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