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Pigment, Dye, and Green Colorant Research in Europe
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Pigment, Dye, and Green Colorant Research in Europe

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Colorants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 6153

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Antonio Zuorro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials & Environment, Sapienza – University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
Interests: advanced oxidation processes; green processes; agroindustrial waste valorization; biochemical engineering; microalgae; pesticide removal; wastewater treatment; value-added compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Natural pigments, dyes, and colorants have various applications in different sectors such as food, feed, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, textiles, and many others. However, at present, the utilization of green pigments, dyes, and colorants is limited. Nevertheless, pressure from society on different industries has been increasing in recent years when it comes to using natural pigments, dyes, and colorants which do not have any harmful effects on the environment and aquatic ecosystem.

The food colorants market is especially evolving toward more natural formulations, which means the appearance of new definitions and, consequently, the necessity of new legislations. Eco-friendly, non-toxic naturally occurring bio-colorants are also re-emerging as an alternative through green chemistry approaches with widespread applicability to colorants in different sectors. Green food colorants are another emerging sector attracting interest. Consequently, it is anticipated that consumers will soon be more receptive toward new compounds responsible for the green color in foods. However, at present, independently of the existence of serious problems due to different legislations and different definitions between countries, authorized green natural colorants are incompletely characterized.

This Special Issue on “Pigment, Dye, and Green Colorant Research in Europe” aims to present recent advancements and developments in the field focusing on the above topics, as well as to provide information on legislation from different countries in different sectors, such as food, feed, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and textiles. In addition, this Special Issue will include discussions around the isolated and dispersed impacts of bio-colorants derived from bioresources via significant aspects including classification, extraction, and dyeing, sustainability, adsorption, and chemical kinetics, and recent technological applications with future prospects. This Special Issue will offer an opportunity to present new colorants for various applications in different sectors. Therefore, we encourage the submission of research articles, case-studies, and review articles focused on pigments, dyes, and green colorants for environmental and human health biotechnological applications.

Prof. Dr. Antonio Zuorro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Dyes
  • Pigments
  • Green colorants
  • Food colorants
  • Biocolorants

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2334 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Structural and Optical Properties of Some [1,4]Dithiine-porphyrazine Dyes
by Ola A. Abu Ali, Hamada H. Abdel-Razik, Matokah Abualnaja and Eman Fayad
Molecules 2022, 27(5), 1651; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules27051651 - 02 Mar 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1993
Abstract
1,4-Bis(p-tolylamino)-6,7-dichloroanthraquinone 1 when reacted with di(sodiothio)-maleonitrile 2 afforded heterocyclic thianone compound, 5,12-dioxo-5,12-dihydroanthro[2,3-b][1,4]dithiine-2,3-dicarbonitrile 3. Using lithium/pentanol and acetic acid, the dicarbonitrile product 3 was cyclotetramerized, yielding the matching tetra 5,12-dioxo-5,12-dihydroanthro[2,3-b][1,4]dithiine-porphyrazine dye compound (2H-Pz) 4a. The dicarbonitrile molecule was a ring-shaped metallic product utilizing [...] Read more.
1,4-Bis(p-tolylamino)-6,7-dichloroanthraquinone 1 when reacted with di(sodiothio)-maleonitrile 2 afforded heterocyclic thianone compound, 5,12-dioxo-5,12-dihydroanthro[2,3-b][1,4]dithiine-2,3-dicarbonitrile 3. Using lithium/pentanol and acetic acid, the dicarbonitrile product 3 was cyclotetramerized, yielding the matching tetra 5,12-dioxo-5,12-dihydroanthro[2,3-b][1,4]dithiine-porphyrazine dye compound (2H-Pz) 4a. The dicarbonitrile molecule was a ring-shaped metallic product utilizing metallic salt and quinoline, yielding the corresponding tetra 5,12-dioxo-5,12-dihydroanthro[2,3-b][1,4]dithiine-porphyrazinato-metal II dyes (M-Pz), M = Zn, Co, or Ni 4b–d. The produced compounds’ elemental analysis investigation, Infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum information accord with the structures attributed to them. The cyclotetramerization and complexation reactions are ensured by the molecular weight and metal load of the produced products. The inclusion of electron-donating groups resulted in a lower optical band gap of the produced dye sensitizers, with “push–pull” promotion of about 1.55 eV. The prepared substituted porphyrazines reveal high absorption in the UV–VIS region, which could be of potential value as a building block for novel electronic and optical materials as well as a sensor for technology. This is considered for improving solar cell absorption. The absorption bands of the synthesized porphyrazine dyes extend beyond 800 nm, so these dyes could be useful in various optoelectronic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pigment, Dye, and Green Colorant Research in Europe)
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15 pages, 2612 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Catechol Derived Rosamine Dyes and Their Reactivity toward Biogenic Amines
by Filipe Monteiro-Silva, Carla Queirós, Andreia Leite, María T. Rodríguez, María J. Rojo, Tomás Torroba, Rui C. Martins, Ana M. G. Silva and Maria Rangel
Molecules 2021, 26(16), 5082; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26165082 - 22 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2911
Abstract
Functional organic dyes play a key role in many fields, namely in biotechnology and medical diagnosis. Herein, we report two novel 2,3- and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl substituted rosamines (3 and 4, respectively) that were successfully synthesized through a microwave-assisted protocol. The best reaction [...] Read more.
Functional organic dyes play a key role in many fields, namely in biotechnology and medical diagnosis. Herein, we report two novel 2,3- and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl substituted rosamines (3 and 4, respectively) that were successfully synthesized through a microwave-assisted protocol. The best reaction yields were obtained for rosamine 4, which also showed the most interesting photophysical properties, specially toward biogenic amines (BAs). Several amines including n- and t-butylamine, cadaverine, and putrescine cause spectral changes of 4, in UV–Vis and fluorescence spectra, which are indicative of their potential application as an effective tool to detect amines in acetonitrile solutions. In the gas phase, the probe response is more expressive for spermine and putrescine. Additionally, we found that methanolic solutions of rosamine 4 and n-butylamine undergo a pink to yellow color change over time, which has been attributed to the formation of a new compound. The latter was isolated and identified as 5 (9−aminopyronin), whose solutions exhibit a remarkable increase in fluorescence intensity together with a shift toward more energetic wavelengths. Other 9-aminopyronins 6a, 6b, 7a, and 7b were obtained from methanolic solutions of 4 with putrescine and cadaverine, demonstrating the potential of this new xanthene entity to react with primary amines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pigment, Dye, and Green Colorant Research in Europe)
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