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Biodegradable Polymers and Their Applications

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9790

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarin 7 Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland
Interests: polymer synthesis; polymer processing; polymer composites; conducting polymers; biodegradable polymers; packaging materials; hydrogels; superabsorbent polymers
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biodegradable polymers have been discussed in the literature for about thirty years now, but their way to a common use is still uncertain. The term biodegradation, in its core, refers to the decomposition of a given material through the action of enzymes or a chemical reaction associated with living organisms such as bacteria and/or fungi. Recently, the meaning has been extended to include photodegradation, oxidation, and hydrolysis due to environmental factors. It is sanctioned because such processes often accompany biotic processes of genuine biodegradation. In this context, there are currently distinguished classes of so-called degradable polymers that are capable of environmental degradation, not necessarily mediated by living organisms and biodegradable polymers that are strictly decomposed due to biotic reactions. Despite some qualitative differences, the majority of issues are common for both types of polymers. In this Special Issue, we would like to provide a common ground for sharing scientific experience concerning both strictly biodegradable and just degradable polymers. Thanks to the open access platform of this journal, we can count on a wider audience of readers of the fruits of our research effort. Contributions to this issue, both in the form of original research or review articles, may cover all aspects of biodegradable polymers their synthesis, chemical modification, processing, and of course application-related issues. Particularly welcome are all multidisciplinary studies offering new methodologies or insights.

Prof. Dr. Jacek Nowaczyk
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Biodegradable polymers
  • Environmental degradation
  • Degradable polymers
  • Polymer synthesis
  • Polymer properties
  • Polymer stability
  • Polymer processing

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2000 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Silk Fibroin-Based Hydrogels and Their Potential as Material for 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing
by Watcharapong Pudkon, Chavee Laomeephol, Siriporn Damrongsakkul, Sorada Kanokpanont and Juthamas Ratanavaraporn
Molecules 2021, 26(13), 3887; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26133887 - 25 Jun 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2442
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is regarded as a critical technology in material engineering for biomedical applications. From a previous report, silk fibroin (SF) has been used as a biomaterial for tissue engineering due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and robust mechanical properties which provide [...] Read more.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is regarded as a critical technology in material engineering for biomedical applications. From a previous report, silk fibroin (SF) has been used as a biomaterial for tissue engineering due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and robust mechanical properties which provide a potential as material for 3D-printing. In this study, SF-based hydrogels with different formulations and SF concentrations (1–3%wt) were prepared by natural gelation (SF/self-gelled), sodium tetradecyl sulfate-induced (SF/STS) and dimyristoyl glycerophosphorylglycerol-induced (SF/DMPG). From the results, 2%wt SF-based (2SF) hydrogels showed suitable properties for extrusion, such as storage modulus, shear-thinning behavior and degree of structure recovery. The 4-layer box structure of all 2SF-based hydrogel formulations could be printed without structural collapse. In addition, the mechanical stability of printed structures after three-step post-treatment was investigated. The printed structure of 2SF/STS and 2SF/DMPG hydrogels exhibited high stability with high degree of structure recovery as 70.4% and 53.7%, respectively, compared to 2SF/self-gelled construct as 38.9%. The 2SF/STS and 2SF/DMPG hydrogels showed a great potential to use as material for 3D-printing due to its rheological properties, printability and structure stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodegradable Polymers and Their Applications)
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19 pages, 4672 KiB  
Article
Adding Value in Production of Multifunctional Polylactide (PLA)–ZnO Nanocomposite Films through Alternative Manufacturing Methods
by Marius Murariu, Samira Benali, Yoann Paint, Anne-Laure Dechief, Oltea Murariu, Jean-Marie Raquez and Philippe Dubois
Molecules 2021, 26(7), 2043; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26072043 - 02 Apr 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2491
Abstract
Due to the added value conferred by zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofiller, e.g., UV protection, antibacterial action, gas-barrier properties, poly(lactic acid) (PLA)–ZnO nanocomposites show increased interest for utilization as films, textile fibers, and injection molding items. The study highlights the beneficial effects of premixing [...] Read more.
Due to the added value conferred by zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofiller, e.g., UV protection, antibacterial action, gas-barrier properties, poly(lactic acid) (PLA)–ZnO nanocomposites show increased interest for utilization as films, textile fibers, and injection molding items. The study highlights the beneficial effects of premixing ZnO in PLA under given conditions and its use as masterbatch (MB), a very promising alternative manufacturing technique. This approach allows reducing the residence time at high processing temperature of the thermo-sensitive PLA matrix in contact of ZnO nanoparticles known for their aptitude to promote degradation effects onto the polyester chains. Various PLA–ZnO MBs containing high contents of silane-treated ZnO nanoparticles (up to 40 wt.% nanofiller specifically treated with triethoxycaprylylsilane) were produced by melt-compounding using twin-screw extruders. Subsequently, the selected MBs were melt blended with pristine PLA to produce nanocomposite films containing 1–3 wt.% ZnO. By comparison to the more traditional multi-step process, the MB approach allowed the production of nanocomposites (films) having improved processing and enhanced properties: PLA chains displaying higher molecular weights, improved thermal stability, fine nanofiller distribution, and thermo-mechanical characteristic features, while the UV protection was confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy measurements. The MB alternative is viewed as a promising flexible technique able to open new perspectives to produce more competitive multifunctional PLA–ZnO nanocomposites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodegradable Polymers and Their Applications)
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Review

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16 pages, 27242 KiB  
Review
Degradable Elastomers: Is There a Future in Tyre Compound Formulation?
by Marco Naddeo, Gianluca Viscusi, Giuliana Gorrasi and Daniela Pappalardo
Molecules 2021, 26(15), 4454; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26154454 - 23 Jul 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4162
Abstract
Problems related to non-biodegradable waste coming from vulcanized rubber represent one of the pre-eminent challenges for modern society. End-of-life tyres are an important source of this typology of waste and the increasingly high accumulation in the environment has contributed over the years to [...] Read more.
Problems related to non-biodegradable waste coming from vulcanized rubber represent one of the pre-eminent challenges for modern society. End-of-life tyres are an important source of this typology of waste and the increasingly high accumulation in the environment has contributed over the years to enhance land and water pollution. Moreover, the release into the environment of non-degradable micro-plastics and other chemicals as an effect of tyre abrasion is not negligible. Many solutions are currently applied to reuse end-of-life tyres as a raw material resource, such as pyrolysis, thermo-mechanical or chemical de-vulcanisation, and finally crumbing trough different technologies. An interesting approach to reduce the environmental impact of vulcanised rubber wastes is represented by the use of degradable thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) in tyre compounds. In this thematic review, after a reviewing fossil fuel-based TPEs, an overview of the promising use of degradable TPEs in compound formulation for the tyre industry is presented. Specifically, after describing the properties of degradable elastomers that are favourable for tyres application in comparison to used ones, the real scenario and future perspectives related to the use of degradable polymers for new tyre compounds will be realized. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodegradable Polymers and Their Applications)
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