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Polyphenol and Its Related Compounds: Bioactivity and Molecular Mechanism
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Polyphenol and Its Related Compounds: Bioactivity and Molecular Mechanism

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2021) | Viewed by 19736

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yusaku Miyama

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
Interests: chemical biology; cell biology; protein degradation; nuclear receptor; natural product chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jun Watanabe

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
Prof. Dr. Hiroko Isoda

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
Interests: food functionality; natural compounds drug discovery; food and medicinal plants; bioassay; anti-aging; antidepressant; anti-anxiety; life style related disease prevention; melanogenesis; hair growth; AI-based functional food discovery and characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polyphenols are one of the secondary metabolites found in plants and food ingredients. Over the past 20 years, a number of studies have revealed their function on life activities, which correlates with the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases, obesity, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and so on. Recently, there has been a great amount of interest and various scientific advances in the molecular mechanism of these compounds, which suggests a potential of clinical application and novel biological process as well.

The Special Issue aims to collect cutting-edge studies on the bioactivity of polyphenols and their related compounds, which could contribute to the improvement of human health and disease prevention. The Special Issue is expected to examine the molecular mechanism on the basis of experimental approaches from the fields of cell biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, pharmacology, and chemical biology. Original articles and reviews in these areas are of interest.

Dr. Yusaku Miyamae
Dr. Jun Watanabe
Prof. Dr. Hiroko Isoda
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polyphenols
  • natural products
  • bioactivity
  • mechanism of action
  • molecular target

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 10910 KiB  
Article
Essential Oils Derived from Cistus Species Activate Mitochondria by Inducing SIRT1 Expression in Human Keratinocytes, Leading to Senescence Inhibition
by Merieme Ledrhem, Miku Nakamura, Miyu Obitsu, Kinue Hirae, Jun Kameyama, Hafida Bouamama, Chemseddoha Gadhi and Yoshinori Katakura
Molecules 2022, 27(7), 2053; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules27072053 - 22 Mar 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2806
Abstract
Cistus L. is a genus of dicotyledonous perennial herbaceous plants. Cistus species have been commonly used in folk medicine in the Mediterranean region. In the present study, the biological activities of essential oils derived from Cistus species (Cistus laurifolius, C. monspeliensis, C. creticus [...] Read more.
Cistus L. is a genus of dicotyledonous perennial herbaceous plants. Cistus species have been commonly used in folk medicine in the Mediterranean region. In the present study, the biological activities of essential oils derived from Cistus species (Cistus laurifolius, C. monspeliensis, C. creticus, and C. salviifolius) were evaluated. Essential oils derived from C. laurifolius and C. monspeliensis were found to augment the expression of SIRT1, an anti-aging gene, in the normal culture of HaCaT cells. Furthermore, these essential oils increased the number and size of mitochondria and augmented their activity. These effects were thought to be caused by the up- and downregulated expression of MITOL and Drp1 in HaCaT cells, respectively, in response to the essential oil treatment. In addition, these essential oils were found to attenuate ultraviolet-B-induced mitochondrial damage and cellular senescence in HaCaT cells. These findings indicate that essential oils derived from C. laurifolius and C. monspeliensis may inhibit skin aging through mitochondrial regulation via SIRT1 activation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphenol and Its Related Compounds: Bioactivity and Molecular Mechanism)
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17 pages, 2669 KiB  
Article
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Secondary Metabolites in Morphological Parts of Paulownia Clon In Vitro 112® and Their Anticoagulant Properties in Whole Human Blood
by Anna Stochmal, Barbara Moniuszko-Szajwaj, Jerzy Zuchowski, Łukasz Pecio, Bogdan Kontek, Malgorzata Szumacher-Strabel, Beata Olas and Adam Cieslak
Molecules 2022, 27(3), 980; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules27030980 - 01 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2574
Abstract
It is not easy to find data in the scientific literature on the quantitative content of individual phytochemicals. It is possible to find groups of compounds and even individual compounds rather easily, but it is not known what their concentration is in cultivated [...] Read more.
It is not easy to find data in the scientific literature on the quantitative content of individual phytochemicals. It is possible to find groups of compounds and even individual compounds rather easily, but it is not known what their concentration is in cultivated or wild plants. Therefore, the subject of this study was to determine the content of individual compounds in the new Paulownia species, Oxytree, developed in a biotechnology laboratory in 2008 at La Mancha University in Spain. Six secondary metabolites were isolated, and their chemical structure was confirmed by spectral methods. An analytical method was developed, which was then used to determine the content of individual compounds in leaves, twigs, flowers and fruits of Paulownia Clon in Vitro 112®. No flavonoids were found in twigs and fruits of Oxytree, while the highest phenylethanoid glycosides were found in twigs. In this study, we also focused on biological properties (anticoagulant or procoagulant) of extract and four fractions (A–D) of different chemical composition from Paulownia Clon in Vitro 112 leaves using whole human blood. These properties were determined based on the thrombus-formation analysis system (T-TAS), which imitates in vivo conditions to assess whole blood thrombogenecity. We observed that three fractions (A, C and D) from leaves decrease AUC10 measured by T-TAS. In addition, fraction D rich in triterpenoids showed the strongest anticoagulant activity. However, in order to clarify the exact mechanism of action of the active substances present in this plant, studies closer to physiological conditions, i.e., in vivo studies, should be performed, which will also allow to determine the effects of their long-term effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphenol and Its Related Compounds: Bioactivity and Molecular Mechanism)
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20 pages, 5293 KiB  
Article
Dual Effect of Taxifolin on ZEB2 Cancer Signaling in HepG2 Cells
by Zdenek Dostal, Martin Sebera, Josef Srovnal, Katerina Staffova and Martin Modriansky
Molecules 2021, 26(5), 1476; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26051476 - 09 Mar 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2660
Abstract
Polyphenols, secondary metabolites of plants, exhibit different anti-cancer and cytoprotective properties such as anti-radical, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammation, or cardioprotective. Some of these activities could be linked to modulation of miRNAs expression. MiRNAs play an important role in posttranscriptional regulation of their target genes that [...] Read more.
Polyphenols, secondary metabolites of plants, exhibit different anti-cancer and cytoprotective properties such as anti-radical, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammation, or cardioprotective. Some of these activities could be linked to modulation of miRNAs expression. MiRNAs play an important role in posttranscriptional regulation of their target genes that could be important within cell signalling or preservation of cell homeostasis, e.g., cell survival/apoptosis. We evaluated the influence of a non-toxic concentration of taxifolin and quercetin on the expression of majority human miRNAs via Affymetrix GeneChip™ miRNA 3.0 Array. For the evaluation we used two cell models corresponding to liver tissue, Hep G2 and primary human hepatocytes. The array analysis identified four miRNAs, miR-153, miR-204, miR-211, and miR-377-3p, with reduced expression after taxifolin treatment. All of these miRNAs are linked to modulation of ZEB2 expression in various models. Indeed, ZEB2 protein displayed upregulation after taxifolin treatment in a dose dependent manner. However, the modulation did not lead to epithelial mesenchymal transition. Our data show that taxifolin inhibits Akt phosphorylation, thereby diminishing ZEB2 signalling that could trigger carcinogenesis. We conclude that biological activity of taxifolin may have ambiguous or even contradictory outcomes because of non-specific effect on the cell. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphenol and Its Related Compounds: Bioactivity and Molecular Mechanism)
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15 pages, 2605 KiB  
Article
Antihyperuricemic Effect of Urolithin A in Cultured Hepatocytes and Model Mice
by Shin-ichi Adachi, Kazunori Sasaki, Shinji Kondo, Wataru Komatsu, Fumiaki Yoshizawa, Hiroko Isoda and Kazumi Yagasaki
Molecules 2020, 25(21), 5136; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules25215136 - 04 Nov 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3150
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is defined as a disease with high uric acid (UA) levels in the blood and a strong risk factor for gout. Urolithin A (UroA) is a main microbial metabolite derived from ellagic acid (EA), which occurs in strawberries and pomegranates. In this [...] Read more.
Hyperuricemia is defined as a disease with high uric acid (UA) levels in the blood and a strong risk factor for gout. Urolithin A (UroA) is a main microbial metabolite derived from ellagic acid (EA), which occurs in strawberries and pomegranates. In this study, we evaluated antihyperuricemic effect of UroA in both cultured hepatocytes and hyperuricemic model mice. In cultured hepatocytes, UroA significantly and dose-dependently reduced UA production. In model mice with purine bodies-induced hyperuricemia, oral administration of UroA significantly inhibited the increase in plasma UA levels and hepatic xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. In addition, DNA microarray results exhibited that UroA, as well as allopurinol, a strong XO inhibitor, induced downregulation of the expression of genes associated with hepatic purine metabolism. Thus, hypouricemic effect of UroA could be, at least partly, attributed to inhibition of purine metabolism and UA production by suppressing XO activity in the liver. These results indicate UroA possesses a potent antihyperuricemic effect and it could be a potential candidate for a molecule capable of preventing and improving hyperuricemia and gout. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphenol and Its Related Compounds: Bioactivity and Molecular Mechanism)
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Review

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32 pages, 7981 KiB  
Review
Polyphenols and Their Effects on Muscle Atrophy and Muscle Health
by Takeshi Nikawa, Anayt Ulla and Iori Sakakibara
Molecules 2021, 26(16), 4887; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/molecules26164887 - 12 Aug 2021
Cited by 49 | Viewed by 7537
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is the decrease in muscle mass and strength caused by reduced protein synthesis/accelerated protein degradation. Various conditions, such as denervation, disuse, aging, chronic diseases, heart disease, obstructive lung disease, diabetes, renal failure, AIDS, sepsis, cancer, and steroidal medications, can cause [...] Read more.
Skeletal muscle atrophy is the decrease in muscle mass and strength caused by reduced protein synthesis/accelerated protein degradation. Various conditions, such as denervation, disuse, aging, chronic diseases, heart disease, obstructive lung disease, diabetes, renal failure, AIDS, sepsis, cancer, and steroidal medications, can cause muscle atrophy. Mechanistically, inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction are among the major contributors to muscle atrophy, by modulating signaling pathways that regulate muscle homeostasis. To prevent muscle catabolism and enhance muscle anabolism, several natural and synthetic compounds have been investigated. Recently, polyphenols (i.e., natural phytochemicals) have received extensive attention regarding their effect on muscle atrophy because of their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have reported polyphenols as strongly effective bioactive molecules that attenuate muscle atrophy and enhance muscle health. This review describes polyphenols as promising bioactive molecules that impede muscle atrophy induced by various proatrophic factors. The effects of each class/subclass of polyphenolic compounds regarding protection against the muscle disorders induced by various pathological/physiological factors are summarized in tabular form and discussed. Although considerable variations in antiatrophic potencies and mechanisms were observed among structurally diverse polyphenolic compounds, they are vital factors to be considered in muscle atrophy prevention strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphenol and Its Related Compounds: Bioactivity and Molecular Mechanism)
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