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Nanomaterials
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Antibacterial Nanostructured Coatings
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Antibacterial Nanostructured Coatings

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 March 2023) | Viewed by 12723

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Loredana Tammaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ENEA - Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Nanomaterials and Devices Laboratory (SSPT-PROMAS-NANO), Portici (Na), Italy
Interests: nanocomposites; polymers; hybrid materials; nanomaterials; composites; electrospinning; polymer characterization; material characterization; polymeric materials; biomaterials; bio-coating; antimicrobial coating; antibacterial nanoparticles; recycled carbon fibers; additive manufacturing; FDM printing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, antimicrobial materials have been increasingly investigated and applied in several fields. To reduce the diffusion of human infections, antimicrobial coatings play a key role in inhibiting microbial activity in many daily applications, such as biomedical devices, food packaging, and antifouling surfaces, where the prevention of clinical infections, as well as the preservation of food quality, represent desirable requirements. Due to the rapid progress of nanotechnologies, nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties are promising candidates for the preparation of active coatings.

This Special Issue will collect and publish papers that cover recent advances in the preparation of nanoparticles and nanostructured coatings that exhibit antibacterial properties on surfaces where microbial colonization, infection, and biofilm formation are risk factors.

Dr. Loredana Tammaro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanocomposites
  • nanofibers
  • antibacterial coatings
  • active packaging
  • fabrication
  • characterization
  • electrospinning

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4345 KiB  
Article
Melaleuca armillaris Essential Oil as an Antibacterial Agent: The Use of Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles as Drug Carrier
by Josefina Ballarre, Daniel Buldain, Irem Unalan, Juan I. Pastore, Nora Mestorino and Aldo R. Boccaccini
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(1), 34; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano13010034 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1618
Abstract
Bioactive glasses have been proposed for bone tissue engineering due to their excellent biocompatibility and osteo-inductive behaviour. The generation of mesoporous bioactive glass (nano) particles adds a high surface area for the dissolution and release of bioactive ions, and the possibility to load [...] Read more.
Bioactive glasses have been proposed for bone tissue engineering due to their excellent biocompatibility and osteo-inductive behaviour. The generation of mesoporous bioactive glass (nano) particles adds a high surface area for the dissolution and release of bioactive ions, and the possibility to load them with different drugs for antibacterial purposes. Essential oils (EO) are an interesting resource for alternative medical therapy, providing antimicrobial compounds that come from organic/natural resources like aromatic plants. Also, a biological polymer, such as chitosan, could be used to control the release of active agents from mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) loaded particles. This work presents MBG particles with nominal composition (in mol) 60% SiO2, 30% CaO and 10% P2O5, loaded with essential oil of Melaleuca armillaris, which contains 1,8-cineol as the main active component, with an inhibitory in vitro activity against several bacterial species. Also, co-loading with a broad-spectrum antibiotic, namely gentamicin, was investigated. The MBG particles were found to be of around 300nm in diameter and to exhibit highly porous open structure. The release of EO from the particles reached 72% of the initial content after the first 24 h, and 80% at 48 h of immersion in phosphate buffered solution. Also, the MBG particles with EO and EO-gentamicin loading presented in vitro apatite formation after 7 days of immersion in simulated body fluid. The antibacterial tests indicated that the main effect, after 24 h of contact with the bacteria, was reached either for the MBG EO or MBG EO-gentamicin particles against E. coli, while the effect against S. aureus was less marked. The results indicate that MBG particles are highly bioactive with the tested composition and loaded with EO of Melaleuca armillaris. The EO, also combined with gentamicin, acts as an antibacterial agent but with different efficacy depending on the bacteria type. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Nanostructured Coatings)
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18 pages, 3805 KiB  
Article
Surface Functionalization of Ti6Al4V-ELI Alloy with Antimicrobial Peptide Nisin
by Mari Lallukka, Francesca Gamna, Virginia Alessandra Gobbo, Mirko Prato, Ziba Najmi, Andrea Cochis, Lia Rimondini, Sara Ferraris and Silvia Spriano
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(23), 4332; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12234332 - 06 Dec 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1998
Abstract
Implant-associated infections are a severe global concern, especially in the case of orthopedic implants intended for long-term or permanent use. The traditional treatment through systemic antibiotic administration is often inefficient due to biofilm formation, and concerns regarding the development of highly resistant bacteria. [...] Read more.
Implant-associated infections are a severe global concern, especially in the case of orthopedic implants intended for long-term or permanent use. The traditional treatment through systemic antibiotic administration is often inefficient due to biofilm formation, and concerns regarding the development of highly resistant bacteria. Therefore, there is an unfulfilled need for antibiotic-free alternatives that could simultaneously support bone regeneration and prevent bacterial infection. This study aimed to perform, optimize, and characterize the surface functionalization of Ti6Al4V-ELI discs by an FDA-approved antimicrobial peptide, nisin, known to hold a broad antibacterial spectrum. Accordingly, nisin bioactivity was also evaluated by in vitro release tests both in physiological and inflammatory pH conditions. Several methods, such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Kelvin Probe atomic force microscopy confirmed the presence of a physisorbed nisin layer on the alloy surface. The functionalization performed at pH 6–7 was found to be especially effective due to the nisin configuration exposing its hydrophobic tail outwards, which is also responsible for its antimicrobial action. In addition, the first evidence of gradual nisin release both in physiological and inflammatory conditions was obtained: the static contact angle becomes half of the starting one after 7 days of soaking on the functionalized sample, while it becomes 0° on the control samples. Finally, the evaluation of the antibacterial performance toward the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus after 24 h of inoculation showed the ability of nisin adsorbed at pH 6 to prevent bacterial microfouling into biofilm-like aggregates in comparison with the uncoated specimens: viable bacterial colonies showed a reduction of about 40% with respect to the un-functionalized surface and the formation of (microcolonies (biofilm-like aggregates) is strongly affected. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Nanostructured Coatings)
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16 pages, 9968 KiB  
Article
Design and Manufacturing of Antibacterial Electrospun Polysulfone Membranes Functionalized by Ag Nanocoating via Magnetron Sputtering
by Noemi Fiaschini, Chiara Giuliani, Roberta Vitali, Loredana Tammaro, Daniele Valerini and Antonio Rinaldi
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(22), 3962; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12223962 - 10 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1525
Abstract
Antibacterial properties of engineered materials are important in the transition to a circular economy and societal security, as they are central to many key industrial areas, such as health, food, and water treatment/reclaiming. Nanocoating and electrospinning are two versatile, simple, and low-cost technologies [...] Read more.
Antibacterial properties of engineered materials are important in the transition to a circular economy and societal security, as they are central to many key industrial areas, such as health, food, and water treatment/reclaiming. Nanocoating and electrospinning are two versatile, simple, and low-cost technologies that can be combined into new advanced manufacturing approaches to achieve controlled production of innovative micro- and nano-structured non-woven membranes with antifouling and antibacterial properties. The present study investigates a rational approach to design and manufacture electrospun membranes of polysulfone (PSU) with mechanical properties optimized via combinatorial testing from factorial design of experiments (DOE) and endowed with antimicrobial silver (Ag) nanocoating. Despite the very low amount of Ag deposited as a conformal percolating nanocoating web on the polymer fibers, the antimicrobial resistance assessed against the Gram-negative bacteria E. coli proved to be extremely effective, almost completely inhibiting the microbial proliferation with respect to the reference uncoated PSU membrane. The results are relevant, for example, to improve antifouling behavior in ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis in water treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Nanostructured Coatings)
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15 pages, 3571 KiB  
Article
Fabrication and Characterization of Bio-Nanocomposites Based on Halloysite-Encapsulating Grapefruit Seed Oil in a Pectin Matrix as a Novel Bio-Coating for Strawberry Protection
by Gianluca Viscusi, Elena Lamberti, Francesca D’Amico, Loredana Tammaro and Giuliana Gorrasi
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(8), 1265; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12081265 - 08 Apr 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3053
Abstract
In the framework of designing a novel bio-coating for the preservation of fresh fruits, this paper reports the design, preparation, and characterization of novel bio-nanocomposites based on pectin loaded with grapefruit seed oil (GO), a natural compound with antimicrobial properties, encapsulated into halloysite [...] Read more.
In the framework of designing a novel bio-coating for the preservation of fresh fruits, this paper reports the design, preparation, and characterization of novel bio-nanocomposites based on pectin loaded with grapefruit seed oil (GO), a natural compound with antimicrobial properties, encapsulated into halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). The vacuum-based methodology was used for the encapsulation of the oil into the hollow area of the nanotubes, obtaining nano-hybrids (HNT-GO) with oil concentrations equal to 20, 30, and 50 wt%. Physical properties (thermal, mechanical, barrier, optical) were analyzed. Thermal properties were not significantly (p < 0.05) affected by the filler, while an improvement in mechanical performance (increase in elastic modulus, stress at breaking, and deformation at breaking up to 200%, 48%, and 39%, respectively, compared to pure pectin film) and barrier properties (increase in water permeability up to 480% with respect to pure pectin film) was observed. A slight increase in opacity was detected without significantly compromising the transparency of the films. The release of linoleic acid, the main component of GO, was followed for 21 days and was correlated with the amount of the hybrid filler, demonstrating the possibility of tailoring the release kinetic of active molecules. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the prepared bio-composites as an active coating, fresh strawberries were coated and compared to uncoated fruit. Qualitative results showed that the fabricated novel bio-coating efficiently extended the preservation of fresh fruit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Nanostructured Coatings)
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18 pages, 6920 KiB  
Article
Changes in Number and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles on the Surface of Suture Materials during Cyclic Freezing
by Alexander Basov, Stepan Dzhimak, Mikhail Sokolov, Vadim Malyshko, Arkadii Moiseev, Elena Butina, Anna Elkina and Mikhail Baryshev
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(7), 1164; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12071164 - 31 Mar 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1697
Abstract
This article presents the results of the 10-fold cyclic freezing (−37.0 °C) and thawing (0.0 °C) effect on the number and size range of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs were obtained by the cavitation-diffusion photochemical reduction method and their sorption on the fiber surface [...] Read more.
This article presents the results of the 10-fold cyclic freezing (−37.0 °C) and thawing (0.0 °C) effect on the number and size range of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs were obtained by the cavitation-diffusion photochemical reduction method and their sorption on the fiber surface of various suture materials, perlon, silk, and catgut, was studied. The distribution of nanoparticles of different diameters before and after the application of the cyclic freezing/thawing processes for each type of fibers studied was determined using electron microscopy. In general, the present study demonstrates the effectiveness of using the technique of 10-fold cyclic freezing. It is applicable to increase the absolute amount of AgNPs on the surface of the suture material with a simultaneous decrease in the size dispersion. It was also found that the application of the developed technique leads to the overwhelming predominance of nanoparticles with 1 to 15 nm diameter on all the investigated fibers. In addition, it was shown that after the application of the freeze/thaw method, the antibacterial activity of silk and catgut suture materials with AgNPs was significantly higher than before their treatment by cyclic freezing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Nanostructured Coatings)
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17 pages, 3194 KiB  
Article
Comparable Studies on Nanoscale Antibacterial Polymer Coatings Based on Different Coating Procedures
by Thorsten Laube, Jürgen Weisser, Svea Sachse, Thomas Seemann, Ralf Wyrwa and Matthias Schnabelrauch
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(4), 614; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12040614 - 11 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1719
Abstract
The antibacterial activity of different antibiotic and metal-free thin polymer coatings was investigated. The films comprised quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) based on a vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC) building block. Two monomeric QAC of different alkyl chain lengths were prepared, and then polymerized by [...] Read more.
The antibacterial activity of different antibiotic and metal-free thin polymer coatings was investigated. The films comprised quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) based on a vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC) building block. Two monomeric QAC of different alkyl chain lengths were prepared, and then polymerized by two different polymerization processes to apply them onto Ti surfaces. At first, the polymeric layer was generated directly on the surface by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). For comparison purposes, in a classical route a copolymerization of the QAC-containing monomers with a metal adhesion mediating phosphonate (VBPOH) monomers was carried out and the Ti surfaces were coated via drop coating. The different coatings were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) illustrating a thickness in the nanomolecular range. The cytocompatibility in vitro was confirmed by both live/dead and WST-1 assay. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by two different assays (CFU and BTG, resp.,), showing for both coating processes similar results to kill bacteria on contact. These antibacterial coatings present a simple method to protect metallic devices against microbial contamination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Nanostructured Coatings)
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