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Nanomaterials
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Composite Photocatalysts Based on Nanomaterials
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Composite Photocatalysts Based on Nanomaterials

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanocomposite Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 8602

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chunquan Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mineral Processing Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, China
Interests: mineral nanomaterials; functional nanomaterials; photocatalysis; advanced oxidation technologies; environmental remediation
Prof. Dr. Zhiming Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
Interests: mineral surface modification; functional nanomaterials; photocatalysis; preparation and application of nanomaterials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a solar energy utilization technology with a high efficiency, stability, safety, controllability and broad prospects, photocatalysis has seen a stable and promising development in recent decades. Various photocatalysts, such as TiO2, ZnO, CdS, CdSe, BiOBr, BiOCl, Ag3PO4, g-C3N4, WO3, perovskite and organic polymers, have gradually been developed and utilized. Currently, although photocatalytic technology has been applied to wastewater treatment, volatile organic compounds elimination, antibacterial and bacteriostatic, hydrogen production, carbon conversion, nitrogen fixation and other fields, there are still some problems in the actual application processes, such as a low solar energy utilization rate, low quantum efficiency, easy agglomeration, poor adsorption performance, difficult separation, recycling, etc. Therefore, based on the development of existing photocatalysts, the development and utilization of photocatalysts could be further market-oriented and applied through the strategies of doping, surface modification, heterostructure construction, loading, crystal form regulation, etc.

The present Special Issue of Nanomaterials aims to present the current state-of-the-art in the development and report of novel nanophotocatalysts, the innovation of preparation methods and application systems of composite photocatalysts, research regarding organic/inorganic hybrid semiconductors, mineral-supporting technology, metal oxide modification studies, etc. This Special Issue invites contributions from leading groups in the field with the aim of providing a balanced view of the current state-of-the-art in this discipline.

Dr. Chunquan Li
Prof. Dr. Zhiming Sun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • photocatalytic nanomaterials
  • mineral nanomaterials
  • composite nanomaterials
  • wastewater treatment
  • VOCs elimination
  • hydrogen production
  • CO2 reduction

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 8254 KiB  
Article
The Composite TiO2–CuOx Layers Formed by Electrophoretic Method for CO2 Gas Photoreduction
by Larisa I. Sorokina, Andrey M. Tarasov, Anastasiya I. Pepelyaeva, Petr I. Lazarenko, Alexey Yu. Trifonov, Timofey P. Savchuk, Artem V. Kuzmin, Aleksey V. Tregubov, Elena N. Shabaeva, Ekaterina S. Zhurina, Lidiya S. Volkova, Sergey V. Dubkov, Dmitry V. Kozlov and Dmitry Gromov
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(14), 2030; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano13142030 - 08 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1057
Abstract
This study demonstrates the ability to control the properties of TiO2–CuOx composite layers for photocatalytic applications by using a simple electrophoretic deposition method from isopropanol-based suspension. To obtain uniform layers with a controlled composition, the surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate was [...] Read more.
This study demonstrates the ability to control the properties of TiO2–CuOx composite layers for photocatalytic applications by using a simple electrophoretic deposition method from isopropanol-based suspension. To obtain uniform layers with a controlled composition, the surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate was used, which influenced the electrophoretic mobility of the particles and the morphology of the deposited layers. The TiO2–CuOx composite layers with different CuOx contents (1.5, 5.5, and 11 wt.%) were obtained. It is shown that the optical band gap measured by UV–VIS–NIR diffuse reflectance spectra. When CuOx is added to TiO2, two absorption edges corresponding to TiO2 and CuOx are observed, indicating a broadening of the photosensitivity range of the material relative to pure TiO2. An open-circuit potential study shows that by changing the amount of CuOx in the composite material, one can control the ratio of free charge carriers (n and p) and, therefore, the catalytic properties of the material. As a result, the TiO2–CuOx composite layers have enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to the pure TiO2 layer: methanol yield grows with increasing CuOx content during CO2 photoreduction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Composite Photocatalysts Based on Nanomaterials)
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11 pages, 3656 KiB  
Article
Efficient Solar Light Photocatalyst Made of Ag3PO4 Coated TiO2-SiO2 Microspheres
by Sudipto Pal, Sanosh Kunjalukkal Padmanabhan, Amruth Kaitheri, Mauro Epifani and Antonio Licciulli
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(3), 588; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano13030588 - 01 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1250
Abstract
Solar light active photocatalyst was prepared as silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) coating on titania–silica (TiO2–SiO2) microspheres. Titania–silica microsphere was obtained by spray drying TiO2–SiO2 colloidal solutions, whereas Ag3PO4 was applied [...] Read more.
Solar light active photocatalyst was prepared as silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) coating on titania–silica (TiO2–SiO2) microspheres. Titania–silica microsphere was obtained by spray drying TiO2–SiO2 colloidal solutions, whereas Ag3PO4 was applied by wet impregnation. XRD on the granules and SEM analysis show that the silver phosphate particles cover the surface of the titania–silica microspheres, and UV-visible diffuse reflectance analysis highlights that Ag3PO4/TiO2–SiO2 composites can absorb the entire visible light spectrum. BET measurements show higher specific surface area of the composite samples compared to bare Ag3PO4. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated by dye degradation tests under solar light irradiation. The prepared catalysts follow a pseudo-first-order rate law for dye degradation tests under solar light irradiation. The composite catalysts with an Ag3PO4/TiO2–SiO2 ratio of 1:1.6 wt% show better catalytic activity towards both rhodamine B and methylene blue degradation and compared with the results with uncoated TiO2–SiO2 microspheres and the benchmark commercial TiO2 (Evonik-P25) as a reference. The composite photocatalyst showed exceptional efficiency compared to its pristine counterparts and reference material. This is explained as having a higher surface area with optimum light absorption capacity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Composite Photocatalysts Based on Nanomaterials)
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19 pages, 8024 KiB  
Article
Supramolecular Precursor Strategy to Construct g-C3N4/Silica Hybrid Nanosheets for Photocatalytic Degradation of Dye and Antibiotic Pollutants
by Yongsheng Yu, Jinghan Wang, Zhaoli Yan, Qiangshan Jing, Peng Liu and Bing Xu
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(18), 3108; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12183108 - 07 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1158
Abstract
To construct a highly active g-C3N4 (CN)/silica hybrid nanosystem, the supramolecular precursor strategy of introducing melamine–cyanuric acid (MCA) by synergistically using micromolecular melamine (m) and urea (u) for CN nanostructure construction on the silica nanosheets (SiNSs) surface was researched. The [...] Read more.
To construct a highly active g-C3N4 (CN)/silica hybrid nanosystem, the supramolecular precursor strategy of introducing melamine–cyanuric acid (MCA) by synergistically using micromolecular melamine (m) and urea (u) for CN nanostructure construction on the silica nanosheets (SiNSs) surface was researched. The results showed that the introduction of MCA supramolecular aggregates promoted the generation of ordered CN nanostructures attached to SiNSs, and the morphology of the CN nanostructure could be regulated through the m/u mass ratio. When the ratio is equal to 1/30, a typical g-C3N4/silica hybrid nanosheet (mu-CN/SiNSs-3) was successfully prepared, which showed the ultra-high photocatalytic activity for Rhodamine B dye degradation within 25 min with an apparent rate constant of 0.186 min−1, owing to the large surface area of highly dispersed and ordered CN nanosheets, a strong interaction between CN and SiNSs, high photogenerated carriers separation efficiency, and the more negative conduction band potential offering more active species of 1O2 and •O2−. Unexpectedly, the mu-CN/SiNSs-2 composite (m/u = 1/10) exhibited the highest activity for tetracycline antibiotic degradation, mainly due to the morphological advantage of a certain number of nanotubes generated on the CN/SiNSs hybrid nanosheets. It indicates that the supramolecular precursor strategy by synergistically using melamine and urea is highly efficient for the nanostructure construction of the CN/SiNSs hybrid system, enabling an appropriate nanostructure for the photodegradation of various pollutants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Composite Photocatalysts Based on Nanomaterials)
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14 pages, 27515 KiB  
Article
Natural Diatomite Supported Zirconium-Doped TiO2 with Tailoring Band Structure for Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic Properties
by Fang Yuan, Chunquan Li, Xiangwei Zhang, Renfeng Yang and Zhiming Sun
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(16), 2827; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12162827 - 17 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1317
Abstract
The development of economically applicable, highly efficient and low cost photocatalytic materials has always been a challenge. In this work, we report a zirconium doped TiO2/diatomite (ZrTD) composite with enhanced visible light-induced photocatalytic activity. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray [...] Read more.
The development of economically applicable, highly efficient and low cost photocatalytic materials has always been a challenge. In this work, we report a zirconium doped TiO2/diatomite (ZrTD) composite with enhanced visible light-induced photocatalytic activity. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV–VIS diffused reflectance spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, photoluminescence and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The optimal doping ratio of zirconium into TiO2 was obtained at 3% (3%ZrTD composite), and the degradation rate constant of which tetracycline (TC) is up to around 8.65 times higher that of zirconium doped TiO2. In addition, zirconium doping introduces the impurity levels of Zr 3d and oxygen vacancies into the lattice of TiO2, resulting in broadening the light absorption range, reducing the band gap, and improving the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, thus endowing with visible light photocatalytic properties. Moreover, both the photogenerated holes (h+) and superoxide (•O2−) radicals are responsible for the degradation process of TC, and a possible degradation pathway and the corresponding intermediate products of TC by ZrTD composite are also proposed in detail. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Composite Photocatalysts Based on Nanomaterials)
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16 pages, 3747 KiB  
Article
Preparation of g-C3N4/TNTs/CNTs Photocatalytic Composite Powder and Its Enhancement of Antifouling Performance of Polydimethylsiloxane Coatings
by Gang Xiong, Zhanping Zhang and Yuhong Qi
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(14), 2442; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12142442 - 16 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1457
Abstract
Semiconductor photocatalytic materials have shown potential in the field of antifouling due to their good antibacterial properties, stability, and nontoxic properties. It is an effective way to use them to improve the static antifouling performance of silicone antifouling coatings. g-C3N4 [...] Read more.
Semiconductor photocatalytic materials have shown potential in the field of antifouling due to their good antibacterial properties, stability, and nontoxic properties. It is an effective way to use them to improve the static antifouling performance of silicone antifouling coatings. g-C3N4/TNTs/CNTs (CNTC) photocatalytic composite powders were prepared and introduced into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings to enhance their antifouling performance. Firstly, g-C3N4/TNTs with heterostructure were thermally polymerized by urea and TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs), and then g-C3N4/TNTs and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were composited to obtain CNTC. Finally, CNTC was added into PDMS to prepare g-C3N4/TNTs/CNTs/PDMS (CNTC/P) composite antifouling coating. The results showed that CNTC successfully recombined and formed a heterostructure, and the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers decreased after recombination. The addition of CNTC to PDMS increased the hydrophobicity and roughness while reducing the surface energy (SE) of the coatings. CNTC could effectively improve the anti-attachment performance of PDMS coatings to bacteria and benthic diatom. The bacterial attachment rate (AB) and benthic diatom attachment rate (AD) of CNTC/P-20 were, respectively, 13.1% and 63.1%; they are much lower than that of the coating without photocatalytic composite powder. This coating design provides a new idea for developing new “efficient” and “green” photocatalytic composite antifouling coatings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Composite Photocatalysts Based on Nanomaterials)
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12 pages, 4201 KiB  
Communication
In-Situ Fabricating V2O5/TiO2-Carbon Heterojunction from Ti3C2 MXene as Highly Active Visible-Light Photocatalyst
by Wentao Xu, Guoqiang Shu, Shihui Zhang, Lei Song, Kui Ma and Hairong Yue
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(10), 1776; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12101776 - 23 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1541
Abstract
Titanium dioxide is a mainstream photocatalyst, but it still confronts great obstacles of poor visible light absorption and rapid recombination rate of photogenerated carriers. Herein, we describe the design of a highly active visible-light photocatalytic system of graphited carbon layers anchored V2 [...] Read more.
Titanium dioxide is a mainstream photocatalyst, but it still confronts great obstacles of poor visible light absorption and rapid recombination rate of photogenerated carriers. Herein, we describe the design of a highly active visible-light photocatalytic system of graphited carbon layers anchored V2O5/TiO2 heterojunctions derived from Ti3C2 MXene, which demonstrates about 4.58 and 2.79 times higher degradation activity of MB under visible light (λ > 420 nm) than pure V2O5 and TiO2-carbon. Combined with the characterization results, the formed V2O5/TiO2 heterojunction promotes the separation of photogenerated carriers, while the graphitized carbon derived from MXene acts as an electronic reservoir to enhance the absorption of visible light. The ESR results show that superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals are the main active species in the reaction system. Therefore, we propose a possible mechanism model to provide a feasible idea for the subsequent design of high-efficiency photocatalysts for environmental treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Composite Photocatalysts Based on Nanomaterials)
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