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Surface Fabrication and Modification of Nanomaterials

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A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 September 2022) | Viewed by 9290

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Qing Yang

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Guest Editor

School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Interests: femtosecond laser microfabrication

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanomaterials can potentially be used in a wide range of applications in energy storage, automotive industry, electronics, sensors, and engineering materials as well as in medicine. Recent advances in the fabrication of different types of nanomaterials, including carbon-based nanomaterials, 2D nanomaterials, nanocomposites, etc., have allowed huge progress in the surface fabrication and modification of materials, which includes the synthesis, structure, properties, characterization and application of nanomaterials, emphasizing all aspects of research on a wide range of nanomaterials including nanocomposites, inorganic materials, polymeric and biological materials, and hybrid materials.

We would like to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Nanomaterials, which aims to present the latest research breakthroughs in areas relevant to the development of ultrafast laser micro- and nanomanufacturing. This issue will bring together innovations in both academic and industrial aspects of manufacturing through presentation of the important research results from researchers around the world. By presenting a collection of the recent advances by researchers in laser material processing, micro- and nanofabrication, and its applications, we hope to further spark scientific exchange on an international level.

Prof. Dr. Qing Yang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

femtosecond microfabrication
microlens
micro and nanofluidics
laser ablation
laser-matter interaction

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 4006 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Modification of Frictional Properties of Hydrogel Surface via Laser Ablated Topographical Micro-Textures

by Zhuangzhuang Zhou, Yihang Chu, Zhishan Hou, Xiaopeng Zhou and Yu Cao

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(22), 4103; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12224103 - 21 Nov 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1307

Abstract

Hydrogels and biological cartilage tissues are highly similar in structure and composition due to their unique characteristics such as high-water content and low friction coefficients. The introduction of hydrogel cartilage can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and wear coefficient of the original bone joint and the implanted metal bone joint (generally titanium alloy or stainless steel), which is considered as a perfect replacement material for artificial articular cartilage. How to accurately regulate the local tribological characteristics of hydrogel artificial cartilage according to patient weight and bone shape is one of the important challenges in the current clinical application field of medical hydrogels. In this study, the mechanism by which micro-pits improve the surface friction properties was studied. Ultraviolet lasers were used to efficiently construct micro-pits with different shapes on a polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel in one step. It was shown that by using such a maskless laser processing, the performance of each part of the artificial cartilage can be customized flexibly and effectively. We envision that the approach demonstrated in this article will provide an important idea for the development of a high-performance, continuous and accurate method for controlling surface friction properties of artificial cartilage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Fabrication and Modification of Nanomaterials)

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10 pages, 2187 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Interfacial Strengthening and Self-Monitoring in Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites via Carbon Nanotube-Based Damage Sensors

by Wenlong Hu, Zijie Sun, Lulu Yang, Chaojie Hu, Shuzheng Zhang, Fangxin Wang, Bin Yang and Yu Cang

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(21), 3717; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12213717 - 22 Oct 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1451

Abstract

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers are important constituents of aerospace materials. However, due to the inert surface of CFs, their interfacial property is relatively weak, which severely hinders their practical applications. Here, we deposited multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) along with a coupling agent on the surface of carbon fiber to improve the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber/resin. Via a simple dip-coating method, the MWCNTs were uniformly distributed on the CF surface with the assistance of the pre-coated coupling agent. The interfacial shear strength between the fiber and the matrix was significant enhanceed when the CF was loaded with the coupling agent and the MWCNTs. In addition, the MWCNTs were used as sensors to in-situ monitor the interfacial state in order to elucidate the interfacial strengthening mechanism. It revealed that the collaborative contribution of the coupling agent and the MWCNTs in the interphase region is the key to the high interfacial strength. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Fabrication and Modification of Nanomaterials)

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8 pages, 1536 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Laser Fabrication of Nanoholes on Silica through Surface Window Assisted Nano-Drilling (SWAN)

by Yu Lu, Lin Kai, Qing Yang, Guangqing Du, Xun Hou and Feng Chen

Nanomaterials 2021, 11(12), 3340; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano11123340 - 09 Dec 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2492

Abstract

Nano-structures have significant applications in many fields such as chip fabrications, nanorobotics, and solar cells. However, realizing nanoscale structures on hard and brittle materials is still challenging. In this paper, when processing the silica surface with a tightly focused Bessel beam, the smallest nanohole with ~20 nm diameter has been realized by precisely controlling the interior and superficial interaction of the silica material. An effective surface window assisted nano-drilling (SWAN) mechanism is proposed to explain the generation of such a deep subwavelength structure, which is supported by the simulation results of energy depositions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Fabrication and Modification of Nanomaterials)

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Review

Jump to: Research

35 pages, 32082 KiB

Open AccessReview

Surface Functionalization of Nanofibers: The Multifaceted Approach for Advanced Biomedical Applications

by Deepak Kulkarni, Shubham Musale, Prabhakar Panzade, Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos, Pratiksha Sonwane, Monika Madibone, Puja Choundhe, Prabhanjan Giram and Simona Cavalu

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(21), 3899; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12213899 - 04 Nov 2022

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3160

Abstract

Nanocarriers are gaining significant importance in the modern era of drug delivery. Nanofiber technology is one of the prime paradigms in nanotechnology for various biomedical and theranostic applications. Nanofibers obtained after successful electrospinning subjected to surface functionalized for drug delivery, biomedical, tissue engineering, biosensing, cell imaging and wound dressing application. Surface functionalization entirely changes physicochemical and biological properties of nanofibers. In physicochemical properties, wettability, melting point, glass transition temperature, and initial decomposition temperature significantly change offer several advantageous for nanofibers. Similarly, biological properties include cell adhesion, biocompatibility, and proliferation, also changes by functionalization of nanofibers. Various natural and synthetic materials polymers, metals, carbon materials, functional groups, proteins, and peptides, are currently used for surface modification of nanofibers. Various research studies across the globe demonstrated the usefulness of surface functionalized nanofibers in tissue engineering, wound healing, skin cancers, melanoma, and disease diagnosis. The delivery of drug through surface functionalized nanofibers results in improved permeation and bioavailability of drug which is important for better targeting of disease and therapeutic efficacy. This review provides a comprehensive insight about various techniques of surface functionalization of nanofibers along with its biomedical applications, toxicity assessment and global patent scenario. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Fabrication and Modification of Nanomaterials)

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59 pages, 21167 KiB

Open AccessReview

Emerging Separation Applications of Surface Superwettability

by Jiale Yong, Qing Yang, Xun Hou and Feng Chen

Nanomaterials 2022, 12(4), 688; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nano12040688 - 18 Feb 2022

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3086

Abstract

Human beings are facing severe global environmental problems and sustainable development problems. Effective separation technology plays an essential role in solving these challenges. In the past decades, superwettability (e.g., superhydrophobicity and underwater superoleophobicity) has succeeded in achieving oil/water separation. The mixture of oil and water is just the tip of the iceberg of the mixtures that need to be separated, so the wettability-based separation strategy should be extended to treat other kinds of liquid/liquid or liquid/gas mixtures. This review aims at generalizing the approach of the well-developed oil/water separation to separate various multiphase mixtures based on the surface superwettability. Superhydrophobic and even superoleophobic surface microstructures have liquid-repellent properties, making different liquids keep away from them. Inspired by the process of oil/water separation, liquid polymers can be separated from water by using underwater superpolymphobic materials. Meanwhile, the underwater superaerophobic and superaerophilic porous materials are successfully used to collect or remove gas bubbles in a liquid, thus achieving liquid/gas separation. We believe that the diversified wettability-based separation methods can be potentially applied in industrial manufacture, energy use, environmental protection, agricultural production, and so on. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Fabrication and Modification of Nanomaterials)

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