Journal Description
Nutrients
Nutrients
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal of human nutrition published semimonthly online by MDPI. The Asia Pacific Nutrigenomics Nutrigenetics Organisation (APNNO), Italian Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (SIGENP), Nutrition Society of New Zealand (NSNZ), Ocular Wellness & Nutrition Society (OWNS) and others are affiliated with Nutrients and their members receive a discount on article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, MEDLINE, PMC, Embase, PubAg, AGRIS, and other databases.
- Journal Rank: JCR - Q1 (Nutrition & Dietetics) / CiteScore - Q1 (Nutrition and Dietetics)
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 14.5 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.4 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: reviewers who provide timely, thorough peer-review reports receive vouchers entitling them to a discount on the APC of their next publication in any MDPI journal, in appreciation of the work done.
- Companion journal: Dietetics
Impact Factor:
5.9 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
6.6 (2022)
Latest Articles
Effects of Mindful Eating in Patients with Obesity and Binge Eating Disorder
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 884; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060884 (registering DOI) - 19 Mar 2024
Abstract
Introduction: Binge eating disorder (BED) is a psychiatric illness related to a high frequency of episodes of binge eating, loss of control, body image dissatisfaction, and suffering caused by overeating. It is estimated that 30% of patients with BED are affected by obesity.
[...] Read more.
Introduction: Binge eating disorder (BED) is a psychiatric illness related to a high frequency of episodes of binge eating, loss of control, body image dissatisfaction, and suffering caused by overeating. It is estimated that 30% of patients with BED are affected by obesity. “Mindful eating” (ME) is a promising new eating technique that can improve self-control and good food choices, helping to increase awareness about the triggers of binge eating episodes and intuitive eating training. Objectives: To analyze the impact of ME on episodes of binge eating, body image dissatisfaction, quality of life, eating habits, and anthropometric data [weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and waist circumference] in patients with obesity and BED. Method: This quantitative, prospective, longitudinal, and experimental study recruited 82 patients diagnosed with obesity and BED. The intervention was divided into eight individual weekly meetings, guided by ME sessions, nutritional educational dynamics, cooking workshops, food sensory analyses, and applications of questionnaires [Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ); Binge Eating Scale (BES); Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF)]. There was no dietary prescription for calories, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and fiber. Patients were only encouraged to consume fewer ultra-processed foods and more natural and minimally processed foods. The meetings occurred from October to November 2023. Statistical analysis: To carry out inferential statistics, the Shapiro–Wilk test was used to verify the normality of variable distribution. All variables were identified as non-normal distribution and were compared between the first and the eighth week using a two-tailed Wilcoxon test. Non-Gaussian data were represented by median ± interquartile range (IQR). Additionally, α < 0.05 and p < 0.05 were adopted. Results: Significant reductions were found from the first to the eighth week for weight, BMI, waist circumference, episodes of binge eating, BSQ scale score, BES score, and total energy value (all p < 0.0001). In contrast, there was a significant increase in the WHOQOL-BREF score and daily water intake (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: ME improved anthropometric data, episodes of binge eating, body image dissatisfaction, eating habits, and quality of life in participants with obesity and BED in the short-term. However, an extension of the project will be necessary to analyze the impact of the intervention in the long-term.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Status of Eating Disorders: From Prevention to Treatment)
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Differences in Socioeconomic, Dietary Choice, and Nutrition Environment Explanatory Variables for Food and Nutrition Security among Households with and without Children
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Jessica Thomson, Alicia Landry and Tameka Walls
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 883; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060883 (registering DOI) - 19 Mar 2024
Abstract
This study’s purpose was to compare socioeconomic, dietary choice, and nutrition environment variables associated with food and nutrition security in USA households with and without children. Data were collected in 2021 and consisted of households at risk of or experiencing food insecurity. Multivariable
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This study’s purpose was to compare socioeconomic, dietary choice, and nutrition environment variables associated with food and nutrition security in USA households with and without children. Data were collected in 2021 and consisted of households at risk of or experiencing food insecurity. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify significant explanatory variables for food and nutrition security by household type—with or without children (<18 years of age). Food insecurity rates were 74% and 64% in households with and without children, respectively. Nutrition insecurity rates were 38% and 30% in households with and without children, respectively. For both household types, greater dietary choice increased odds (4–15 times) of food and nutrition security. In households with children, more fast-food meals increased the odds (60%) of food security, while more processed meals and greater utilization barriers to healthful meals decreased the odds (40–50%). Greater utilization barriers also decreased the odds (20%) of food security in households without children. In households with children, higher income and greater healthfulness choice increased the odds (20% and 3 times) of nutrition security, while low (vs. high) perceived limited availability of foods doubled the odds in households without children. Dietary choice is an influential and crucial factor of food and nutrition security.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Eating and Determinants of Food Choice)
Open AccessArticle
Dietary Amino Acid Composition and Glycemic Biomarkers in Japanese Adolescents
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Masayuki Okuda and Satoshi Sasaki
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 882; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060882 (registering DOI) - 19 Mar 2024
Abstract
Protein intake reportedly increases the risk of diabetes; however, the results have been inconsistent. Diabetes in adulthood may be attributed to early life dietary amino acid composition. This study aimed to investigate the association between amino acid composition and glycemic biomarkers in adolescents.
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Protein intake reportedly increases the risk of diabetes; however, the results have been inconsistent. Diabetes in adulthood may be attributed to early life dietary amino acid composition. This study aimed to investigate the association between amino acid composition and glycemic biomarkers in adolescents. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and fasting glucose and insulin levels were measured in 1238 eighth graders. The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) indices (insulin resistance and β-cell function) were calculated. Anthropometrics were measured and other covariates were obtained from a questionnaire. Amino acid composition was isometric log transformed according to the compositional data analysis, which was used as explanatory variables in multivariate linear regression models for glucose, insulin, and HOMA indices. Only the association between glucose and leucine was significant. In replacement of other amino acids with leucine, an increase of 0.1% of total amino acids correlated with a lower glucose level (−1.02 mg/dL). One-to-one substitution of leucine for isoleucine or methionine decreased glucose (−2.98 and −2.28 mg/dL, respectively). Associations with other biomarkers were not observed. In conclusion, compositional data analysis of amino acids revealed an association only with glucose in adolescents; however, the results of this study should be verified in other populations.
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(This article belongs to the Section Nutritional Epidemiology)
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Biobran/MGN-3, an Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, Exerts Anti-COVID-19 Effects and Boosts Immunity in Human Subjects
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Sudhanshu Agrawal, Anshu Agrawal and Mamdooh Ghoneum
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 881; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060881 (registering DOI) - 19 Mar 2024
Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) has been a major pandemic impacting a huge population worldwide, and it continues to present serious health threats, necessitating the development of novel protective nutraceuticals. Biobran/MGN-3, an arabinoxylan rice bran, is a potent immunomodulator for both humans and
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Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) has been a major pandemic impacting a huge population worldwide, and it continues to present serious health threats, necessitating the development of novel protective nutraceuticals. Biobran/MGN-3, an arabinoxylan rice bran, is a potent immunomodulator for both humans and animals that has recently been demonstrated to protect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in vitro. We here investigate Biobran/MGN-3′s potential to enhance an antiviral immune response in humans. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from eight subjects taking Biobran/MGN-3 (age 55–65 years) and eight age-matched control subjects were stimulated with irradiated SARS-CoV-2 virus and then subjected to immuno-phenotyping and multiplex cytokine/chemokine assays. Results showed that PBMCs from subjects supplemented with Biobran/MGN-3 had significantly increased activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) coupled with increased IFN-α secretion. We also observed higher baseline expression of HLA-DR (human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype) on dendritic cells (DCs) and increased secretion of chemokines and cytokines, as well as a substantial increase in cytotoxic T cell generation for subjects taking Biobran/MGN-3. Our results suggest that Biobran/MGN-3 primes immunity and therefore may be used for boosting immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 infections and other diseases, particularly in high-risk populations such as the elderly.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Carbohydrates)
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Lower Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score Is Associated with Higher Adherence to Mediterranean Diet in Subjects with Multiple Sclerosis from Northwestern Italy
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Matteo Bronzini, Alessandro Maglione, Rachele Rosso, Federica Masuzzo, Manuela Matta, Raffaella Meroni, Simona Rolla and Marinella Clerico
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 880; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060880 (registering DOI) - 18 Mar 2024
Abstract
The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is described in the literature as a beneficial dietary pattern for neurodegenerative diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the dietary habits in people with MS (pwMS) and to test whether adherence
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The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is described in the literature as a beneficial dietary pattern for neurodegenerative diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the dietary habits in people with MS (pwMS) and to test whether adherence to the MD could have an impact on the severity of the disease measured as the MS severity score (MSSS). Adherence to the MD was assessed in 31 PwMS using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), the Pyramid-based Mediterranean Diet Score (PyrMDS) index, and the Italian Mediterranean Index (IMI), and their eating habits were recorded in a food diary for a one-year follow-up. When data obtained from dietary analysis were compared to the MSSS, results showed that pwMS with lower MSSS adhere more to the MD than the other pwMS groups according to the MEDAS index. Furthermore, a high consumption of fiber in the MS mild severity class was observed. Further studies are needed to clarify which of the nutritional components of the MD may impact the course of MS and if the sensitization of pwMS to MD adherence can be a strategy for mitigating the disease.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Italian Diet Survey: Contribution to Nutrition and Sustainability Aspects)
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Effect of Probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LB1.5 on Anxiety-Like Behavior, Neuroprotection and Neuroinflammation Markers of Male Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet
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Natália Perin Schmidt, Patrícia Molz, Brenda Santos Fraga, Nicole Hiller Bondarczuk, Priscila Dutra Silveira, Milena Henrique Ferri, Thais Busatto Crestani, Gabriela Merker Breyer, Giuliano Rizzoto Guimarães, Amanda de Souza da Motta, Renata Padilha Guedes and Márcia Giovenardi
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 879; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060879 (registering DOI) - 18 Mar 2024
Abstract
Probiotic supplementation has been identified as a potential target to reduce inflammatory mediators associated with obesity. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LB1.5 on anxiety-like behavior, gene expression in the prefrontal cortex, and neuroinflammation in the cerebral cortex and
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Probiotic supplementation has been identified as a potential target to reduce inflammatory mediators associated with obesity. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LB1.5 on anxiety-like behavior, gene expression in the prefrontal cortex, and neuroinflammation in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of male mice fed a high-fat diet. Mice aged 21 days were divided into four groups: control (CONT), control plus probiotic (CONT + PROB), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet plus probiotic (HFD + PROB), and fed for 13 weeks. The probiotic Lact. rhamnosus 1.5 (3.1 × 108 CFU/mL, derived from raw buffalo milk) was administered by gavage three times a week. Probiotic supplementation provided an anxiolytic effect in CONT and HFD. The IL-6 showed lower levels after probiotic supplementation in the HFD. Regarding immunoreactivity for GFAP in the cerebral cortex, we demonstrated that animals HFD-fed had a reduction in cells number compared to CONT. In the hippocampus, we found an interaction between diet and supplementation, as well as an effect of probiotic supplementation. A higher number of Th positive cells was observed in the cerebral cortex in mice fed HFD. Lact. rhamnosus LB1.5 supplementation decreased serum IL-6 levels in HFD-fed mice and promoted a reduction in anxiety-like behavior.
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(This article belongs to the Section Prebiotics and Probiotics)
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Nitrosyl-Heme and Heme Iron Intake from Processed Meats in Subjects from the EPIC-Spain Cohort
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Lucía Rizzolo-Brime, Andreu Farran-Codina, Ricard Bou, Leila Luján-Barroso, Jose Ramón Quirós, Pilar Amiano, María José Sánchez, Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco, Marcela Guevara, Conchi Moreno-Iribas, Alba Gasque, María-Dolores Chirlaque, Sandra M. Colorado-Yohar, José María Huerta Castaño, Antonio Agudo and Paula Jakszyn
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 878; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060878 (registering DOI) - 18 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: The consumption of processed and red meats is linked to the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer. Various theories have been proposed to explain this connection, focusing on nitrosyl-heme and heme iron intake. We hypothesized that differences in nitrosyl-heme and heme iron intakes
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Background: The consumption of processed and red meats is linked to the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer. Various theories have been proposed to explain this connection, focusing on nitrosyl-heme and heme iron intake. We hypothesized that differences in nitrosyl-heme and heme iron intakes will be associated with various sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Methods: The study included 38,471 healthy volunteers (62% females) from five Spanish regions within the EPIC-Spain cohort. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) determined nitrosyl-heme and heme iron levels in the 39 most consumed PMs. Food intake was assessed using validated questionnaires in interviews. Nitrosyl-heme and heme iron intakes, adjusted for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), center, and energy intake, were expressed as geometric means due to their skewed distribution. Variance analysis identified foods explaining the variability of nitrosyl-heme and heme iron intakes. Results: The estimated intakes were 528.6 µg/day for nitrosyl-heme and 1676.2 µg/day for heme iron. Significant differences in nitrosyl-heme intake were found by sex, center, energy, and education level. Heme iron intake varied significantly by sex, center, energy, and smoking status. “Jamón serrano” and “jamón cocido/jamón de York” had the highest intake values, while “morcilla asturiana” and “sangrecilla” were key sources of nitrosyl-heme and heme iron. Conclusions: This is the first study to estimate levels of nitrosyl-heme intake directly in PMs for a large sample, revealing variations based on sex, BMI, smoking, and activity. Its data aids future exposure estimations in diverse populations.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Value of Meat and Meat Products and Their Role in Human Health—2nd Edition)
Open AccessArticle
Role of Dietary Factors on DNA Methylation Levels of TNF-Alpha Gene and Proteome Profiles in Obese Men
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Chayanisa Boonrong, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Prapimporn Chattranukulchai Shantavasinkul, Piyamitr Sritara and Jintana Sirivarasai
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 877; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060877 - 18 Mar 2024
Abstract
Integrated omics-based platforms from epigenomics and proteomics technologies are used to identify several important mechanisms in obesity etiology, food components, dietary intake, regulation of biological pathways, and potential new intervention targets. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze whether dietary factors involved in the
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Integrated omics-based platforms from epigenomics and proteomics technologies are used to identify several important mechanisms in obesity etiology, food components, dietary intake, regulation of biological pathways, and potential new intervention targets. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze whether dietary factors involved in the methylation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are implicated in differential protein expression in people with normal weight and obesity. Methods: The participants were classified into the non-obese (N = 100) and obese (N = 133) groups. DNA methylation levels of the TNF-alpha gene and proteomics were analyzed using the pyrosequencing method and LC-MS-MS, respectively. Results: Comparison between geometric means of DNA methylation of TNF-α showed lower levels in subjects with obesity than in those without obesity (p < 0.05). There were associations between dietary factors and some metabolic syndrome components and TNF-α DNA methylation levels. Proteomic analysis showed important signaling pathways related to obesity, with 95 significantly downregulated proteins and 181 upregulated proteins in the non-obese group compared with the obese group. Conclusion: This study shows an association between the dietary factors involved in the methylation of TNF-α and differential protein expression related to obesity. However, a large sample size in future studies is required to confirm our results.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics)
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Time-Restricted Eating and Bone Health: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
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Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez, Miriam Garrido-Miguel, Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni, Valentina Díaz-Goñi, Eva Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, María José Guzmán-Pavón, Ana Belén Meseguer-Henarejos and Ana Torres-Costoso
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 876; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060876 - 18 Mar 2024
Abstract
Time-restricted eating (TRE) has emerged as a dietary strategy that restricts food consumption to a specific time window and is commonly applied to facilitate weight loss. The benefits of TRE on adipose tissue have been evidenced in human trials and animal models; however,
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Time-restricted eating (TRE) has emerged as a dietary strategy that restricts food consumption to a specific time window and is commonly applied to facilitate weight loss. The benefits of TRE on adipose tissue have been evidenced in human trials and animal models; however, its impact on bone tissue remains unclear. To systematically synthesize and examine the evidence on the impact of TRE on bone health (bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and bone turnover factors), PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases were systematically explored from inception to 1 October 2023 searching for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed at determining the effects of TRE on bone health in adults (≥18 years). The Cochrane Handbook and the PRISMA recommendations were followed. A total of seven RCTs involving 313 participants (19 to 68 years) were included, with an average length of 10.5 weeks (range: 4 to 24 weeks). Despite the significant weight loss reported in five out of seven studies when compared to the control, our meta-analysis showed no significant difference in BMD (g/cm2) between groups (MD = −0.009, 95% CI: −0.026 to 0.009, p = 0.328; I2 = 0%). BMC and bone turnover markers between TRE interventions and control conditions were not meta-analyzed because of scarcity of studies (less than five). Despite its short-term benefits on cardiometabolic health, TRE did not show detrimental effects on bone health outcomes compared to those in the control group. Nevertheless, caution should be taken when interpreting our results due to the scarcity of RCTs adequately powered to assess changes in bone outcomes.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Support, Dietary Strategies and Exercise on Bone and Muscle)
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Dietary Intakes of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Impulsivity: Comparing Non-Restricted, Vegetarian, and Vegan Diets
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Mitchell K. Byrne, Rebecca Cook, Janina C. D. Murta, Daniel Bressington and Barbara J. Meyer
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 875; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060875 - 18 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: Research suggests a link between deficiencies in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) and impulsivity among psychiatric populations. However, this association is less evident in non-clinical populations. As omega-3 LCPUFAs are predominantly sourced through fish consumption, non-fish dieters may be more vulnerable
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Background: Research suggests a link between deficiencies in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) and impulsivity among psychiatric populations. However, this association is less evident in non-clinical populations. As omega-3 LCPUFAs are predominantly sourced through fish consumption, non-fish dieters may be more vulnerable to higher impulsivity. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study explored the association between lower intakes of omega-3 LCPUFA food sources and higher self-reported measures of impulsivity among healthy adults consuming non-restricted, vegetarian, and vegan diets. Results: The results from the validated Food Frequency Questionnaire showed significantly lower estimated omega-3 LCPUFA intakes among vegans and vegetarians when compared with people consuming non-restricted diets. Furthermore, although all groups scored within the normal range of impulsivity measures, vegans scored comparatively higher. Vegans also scored significantly higher in impulsivity control relating to attention than those consuming non-restricted diets. Conclusions: The significantly lower omega-3 LCPUFA dietary intakes in the vegan diets were associated with higher scores in the second-order attentional aspect of self-reported impulsiveness.
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(This article belongs to the Section Lipids)
Open AccessArticle
Higher-Level Steatosis Is Associated with a Greater Decrease in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatoic Liver Disease after Eight Weeks of a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) in Subjects Affected by Overweight and Obesity
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Annamaria Sila, Sara De Nucci, Caterina Bonfiglio, Vincenza Di Stasi, Nicole Cerabino, Martina Di Chito, Roberta Rinaldi, Paola Cantalice, Endrit Shahini, Vito Giannuzzi, Pasqua Letizia Pesole, Sergio Coletta, Nicoletta Maria Tutino, Giuseppina Piazzolla, Raffaele Cozzolongo, Gianluigi Giannelli and Giovanni De Pergola
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 874; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060874 - 18 Mar 2024
Abstract
The most common form of chronic liver disease, recently defined as MASLD, is strongly linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Lifestyle changes are part of MASLD prevention. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is a useful option for treating MASLD and reducing liver
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The most common form of chronic liver disease, recently defined as MASLD, is strongly linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Lifestyle changes are part of MASLD prevention. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is a useful option for treating MASLD and reducing liver steatosis in patients with obesity. We assessed whether a greater degree of steatosis could have a positive or negative impact on how well 8 weeks of using the VLCKD improve steatosis and fibrosis in a patient population of overweight and obese individuals. Anthropometric parameters, along with changes in hormone and metabolic biomarkers, were also assessed both before and after the dietary change. The study population included 111 overweight (14.41%) or obese subjects (85.59%) aged between 18 and 64 years; the 75 women and 36 men involved were not taking any medicine. In both the raw (0.37 95% CI 0.21; 0.52) and the multivariate models (model a: 0.439 95% CI 0.26; 0.62; model b: 0.437 95% CI 0.25; 0.63), there was a positive and statistically significant correlation between the CAP delta value and the CAP before using the VLCKD. Additionally, the liver stiffness delta was found to be positively and statistically significantly correlated with liver stiffness before the use of the VLCKD in both models: the multivariate model (model a: 0.560 95% CI 0.40; 0.71; model b: 0.498 95% CI 0.34; 0.65) and the raw model (0.52 95% CI 0.39; 0.65). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, insulin resistance (measured by HOMA-IR), insulin, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides, BMI, waist circumference, and fat mass, were all decreased (p < 0.001) following the use of the VLCKD. However, following the use of the VLCKD, there was an increase in vitamin D levels. (p < 0.001). We found that using the VLCKD for 8 weeks has a greater effect on improving steatosis and fibrosis in subjects who initially have more severe forms of these conditions.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Patterns and Clinical Health Outcomes)
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Ferroptosis Altered microRNAs Expression in HT-1080 Fibrosarcoma Cells Based on Small RNA Sequencing and Bioinformatics Analysis
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Qian Zhang, Qiwen Wang, Haoxuan Ding, Caihong Hu and Jie Feng
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 873; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060873 - 17 Mar 2024
Abstract
Iron is an essential trace element in the human body. However, excess iron is harmful and may cause ferroptosis. The expression and role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in ferroptosis remain largely unknown. A model of ferroptosis induced by ferric ammonium citrate in HT-1080 cells
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Iron is an essential trace element in the human body. However, excess iron is harmful and may cause ferroptosis. The expression and role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in ferroptosis remain largely unknown. A model of ferroptosis induced by ferric ammonium citrate in HT-1080 cells was established in this study. The miRNAs expression profiles of the control and iron groups were obtained using small RNA sequencing and verified using qRT-PCR. A total of 1346 known miRNAs and 80 novel miRNAs were identified, including 12 up-regulated differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) and 16 down-regulated DE-miRNAs. SP1 was the most important upstream transcription factor regulating DE-miRNAs. The downstream target genes of DE-miRNAs were predicted based on miRDB, TargetScan, and miRBase databases, and 403 common target genes were screened. GO annotation and KEGG analysis revealed that the target genes were mainly involved in various biological processes and regulatory pathways, especially the MAPK signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Afterwards, a target genes network was constructed using STRING and Cytoscape, and the hub genes were compared with the ferroptosis database (FerrDb V2) to discover the hub genes related to ferroptosis. EGFR, GSK3B, PARP1, VCP, and SNCA were screened out. Furthermore, a DE-miRNAs-target genes network was constructed to explore key DE-miRNAs. hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-26b-5p, and hsa-miR-7-5p were filtered out. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of miRNAs and its upstream and downstream regulation in ferroptosis in HT-1080 cells using small RNA sequencing is helpful for understanding the role of miRNAs in iron overload-related diseases and ferroptosis-targeted therapy for cancer.
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(This article belongs to the Section Micronutrients and Human Health)
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Functional and Therapeutic Potential of Cynara scolymus in Health Benefits
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Chiara Porro, Tarek Benameur, Antonia Cianciulli, Mirco Vacca, Margherita Chiarini, Maria De Angelis and Maria Antonietta Panaro
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 872; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060872 - 17 Mar 2024
Abstract
Dietary supplements enriched with bioactive compounds represent a promising approach to influence physiological processes and enhance longevity and overall health. Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus serves as a functional food supplement with a high concentration of bioactive compounds, which offers various health-promoting benefits. Several
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Dietary supplements enriched with bioactive compounds represent a promising approach to influence physiological processes and enhance longevity and overall health. Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus serves as a functional food supplement with a high concentration of bioactive compounds, which offers various health-promoting benefits. Several chronic diseases have metabolic, genetic, or inflammatory origins, which are frequently interconnected. Pharmacological treatments, although effective, often result in undesirable side effects. In this context, preventive approaches are gaining increased attention. Recent literature indicates that the consumption of bioactive compounds in the diet can positively influence the organism’s biological functions. Polyphenols, well-known for their health benefits, are widely recognized as valuable compounds in preventing/combating various pathologies related to lifestyle, metabolism, and aging. The C. scolymus belonging to the Asteraceae family, is widely used in the food and herbal medicine fields for its beneficial properties. Although the inflorescences (capitula) of the artichoke are used for food and culinary purposes, preparations based on artichoke leaves can be used as an active ingredient in herbal medicines. Cynara scolymus shows potential benefits in different domains. Its nutritional value and health benefits make it a promising candidate for improving overall well-being. C. scolymus exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, liver-protective, bile-expelling, antimicrobial, and lipid-lowering neuroprotective properties. Different studies demonstrate that oxidative stress is the leading cause of the onset and progression of major human health disorders such as cardiovascular, neurological, metabolic, and cancer diseases. The large amount of polyphenol found in C. scolymus has an antioxidant activity, enabling it to neutralize free radicals, preventing cellular damage. This reduces the subsequent risk of developing conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, these polyphenols demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity, which is closely associated with their antioxidant properties. As a result, C. scolymus has the potential to contribute to the treatment of chronic diseases, including intestinal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative pathologies. The current review discussed the nutritional profiles, potential benefits, and pharmacological effects of C. scolymus.
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(This article belongs to the Section Nutritional Epidemiology)
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Glycomacropeptide as an Efficient Agent to Fight Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Metabolic Syndrome
by
Mathilde Foisy Sauvé, Francis Feldman, Alain Théophile Sané, Mireille Koudoufio, Natalie Patey, Schohraya Spahis, James Butcher, Haonan Duan, Daniel Figeys, Valérie Marcil, Alain Stintzi and Emile Levy
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 871; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060871 - 17 Mar 2024
Abstract
There is currently a growing interest in the use of nutraceuticals as a means of preventing the development of complex diseases. Given the considerable health potential of milk-derived peptides, the aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of glycomacropeptide (GMP)
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There is currently a growing interest in the use of nutraceuticals as a means of preventing the development of complex diseases. Given the considerable health potential of milk-derived peptides, the aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of glycomacropeptide (GMP) on metabolic syndrome. Particular emphasis was placed on the potential mechanisms mitigating cardiometabolic disorders in high-fat, high-fructose diet-fed mice in the presence of GMP or Bipro, an isocaloric control. The administration of GMP for 12 weeks reduced obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia caused by a high-fat, high-fructose diet, resulting in a decline in insulin resistance. GMP also lessened systemic inflammation, as indicated by decreased circulating inflammatory cytokines. In the intestinal and hepatic tissues, GMP improved homeostasis by increasing insulin sensitivity and attenuating high-fat, high-fructose-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biochemical and histological analyses revealed improved hepatic steatosis and fatty acid composition in the livers of high-fat, high-fructose diet-fed mice treated with GMP compared to Bipro. A trend toward a decrease in bile acids without any marked changes in intestinal microbiota composition characterized GMP-treated animals compared to those administered Bipro. GMP offers considerable potential for fighting metabolic syndrome-related components and complications given its beneficial effects on risk factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress without involving the intestinal microbiota.
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(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Metabolism)
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Nutrition-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Anemia Status of Lactating Mothers in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo—A Cross-Sectional Analysis
by
Damaris Elisabeth Beitze, Céline Kavira Malengera, Theophile Barhwamire Kabesha and Veronika Scherbaum
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 870; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060870 (registering DOI) - 17 Mar 2024
Abstract
Maternal nutrition is impacted by personal and environmental factors including dietary intake, knowledge, food availability, and affordability. This cross-sectional analysis aimed to evaluate nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and associations with hemoglobin concentration among lactating mothers in the Bukavu region, Democratic Republic of the
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Maternal nutrition is impacted by personal and environmental factors including dietary intake, knowledge, food availability, and affordability. This cross-sectional analysis aimed to evaluate nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and associations with hemoglobin concentration among lactating mothers in the Bukavu region, Democratic Republic of the Congo. In 444 lactating mothers, nutrition-related knowledge and practice were assessed by questionnaires and translated into knowledge and practice scores ranging from 0 to 1, attitudes and drivers of food choice were assessed, the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was assessed with 24 h dietary recalls in a potential range from 0 to 10, and hemoglobin (Hb) was measured in mothers and their infants. Anemia prevalence was 28.2% among mothers and 74.3% among infants aged 3–8 months. Nutritional knowledge and practice were limited (the median total knowledge score was 0.39, median DDS was 3.0). While there were slight positive correlations between knowledge and maternal Hb, DDS did not significantly correlate with either knowledge or Hb. Although half of the mothers stated a perception about their own susceptibility to anemia or vitamin A deficiency (56.4%, 47.4%), less than half of those could justify their estimation (40.9%, 44.2%). Taste (68.1%), appearance (42.5%), availability (29.0%), and health effects (25.6%) were important drivers of food choice. In conclusion, interventions on the different influencing factors including nutrition education strategies are needed.
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(This article belongs to the Collection Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation: Implications for Maternal and Infant Health)
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Healthy Diet-Related Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) and Related Socio-Demographic Characteristics among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Southwest China
by
Lin Fu, Ya Shi, Shengping Li, Ke Jiang, Laixi Zhang, Yaqi Wen, Zumin Shi and Yong Zhao
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 869; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060869 - 17 Mar 2024
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the current status and influencing factors of healthy diet knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among middle-aged and older adults aged 45–75 in Southwest China. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1822 middle-aged and older adults in
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Objective This study aimed to investigate the current status and influencing factors of healthy diet knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among middle-aged and older adults aged 45–75 in Southwest China. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1822 middle-aged and older adults in Southwest China (including Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Chongqing) from February to May 2021. Results The average score of healthy diet knowledge was (4.82 ± 2.98), with a passing rate of 7.6%. The mean score of healthy diet attitude was (21.26 ± 4.18), with a passing rate of 69.5%. The average score of healthy diet practice was (13.76 ± 2.84), with a passing rate of 55.5%. The score for healthy diet KAP was (39.85 ± 7.21), with a passing rate of 41.2%. Univariate analysis showed that the scores of healthy diet KAP were significantly different among participants of different ages, genders, ethnicities, residences, education levels, monthly household incomes, and regions, as well as varying according to whether several generations have lived in the same area (p < 0.05). The results of multiple linear regression showed that the healthy diet KAP of participants was influenced by age, gender, residence, education level, monthly household income, and region (p < 0.05). Conclusion The healthy diet KAP of middle-aged and older adults aged 45–75 in Southwest China shows room for improvement. The knowledge regarding healthy diet was relatively low, and certain specific healthy diet practices were not up to the standard. However, there was a positive trend in the attitude towards a healthy diet. Healthy diet education should be promoted for middle-aged and older adults.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Eating and Determinants of Food Choice)
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Adherence to the Planetary Health Diet and Its Association with Diet Quality in the Young Adult Population of Türkiye: A Large Cross-Sectional Study
by
Hande Mortaş, Semra Navruz-Varlı and Saniye Bilici
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 868; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060868 - 17 Mar 2024
Abstract
To advance both human health and environmental sustainability, it’s crucial to assess the adaptation to new dietary trends emerging in this field. This study aimed to explore the relationship between diet quality and the principles of planetary health diet in young adults studying
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To advance both human health and environmental sustainability, it’s crucial to assess the adaptation to new dietary trends emerging in this field. This study aimed to explore the relationship between diet quality and the principles of planetary health diet in young adults studying at university. This cross-sectional study consisted of 945 young adults with a mean age of 20.1 ± 1.34 y (582 females, 363 males). A questionnaire form containing socio-demographic information (age, gender, education level), anthropometric measurements (body weight and height), and a 24 h dietary record form for three consecutive days was applied. The scores of the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) and the Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020) were calculated according to the dietary records. The mean total scores of the PHDI and HEI-2020 were 59.9 ± 14.16 and 54.2 ± 10.87, respectively. The association between the HEI-2020 score and the PHDI score was significant (p = 0.003). A one-unit increase in the unadjusted HEI-2020 score caused a 0.429 unit decrease in the PHDI score (95% CI: −0.709; −0.149). The findings underscore the imperative for targeted interventions and educational programs to enhance the PHDI and HEI-2020 scores, promoting individual well-being and environmental sustainability in the university.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Surveys and Nutritional Epidemiology—2nd Edition)
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Vitamin D Status in the Adult Population of Romania—Results of the European Health Examination Survey
by
Lăcrămioara Aurelia Brîndușe, Irina Eclemea, Andrea Elena Neculau and Maria Alexandra Cucu
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 867; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060867 - 16 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency is recognized as a general health condition globally and is acknowledged as a public health concern in Europe. In Romania, a national program of examination of the status of vitamin D for high-risk groups has demonstrated a vitamin D
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Background: Vitamin D deficiency is recognized as a general health condition globally and is acknowledged as a public health concern in Europe. In Romania, a national program of examination of the status of vitamin D for high-risk groups has demonstrated a vitamin D deficiency prevalence of 39.83%. No national data on the status of vitamin D in the general adult population are available to date. Methods: We used the framework of the European Health Examination Survey to analyze vitamin D levels in a sample population of adults aged 25–64 years, from 120 family doctors’ patients lists, by using a sequential sampling method. Data were weighted to the Romanian population. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL. Results: In total, 5380 adults aged 25–64 years were included in this study. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is 24.8%. Predictors of vitamin D deficiency were found to be obesity, female sex, living in rural areas, lower education level, and lower socioeconomic status. Conclusions: Specific recommendations for vitamin D screening and supplementation should be issued for women by specialist boards. Further studies are needed to identify seasonal variation and to establish a correlation with nutritional surveys.
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(This article belongs to the Section Nutritional Epidemiology)
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Exploring the Role of Serum Osteonectin and Hsp27 in Pediatric MAFLD Diagnosis and Cardiometabolic Health
by
Anca Bălănescu, Paul-Cristian Bălănescu, Ioana Florentina Codreanu, Iustina-Violeta Stan, Valentina-Daniela Comanici, Alina Maria Robu and Tatiana Ciomârtan
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 866; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060866 - 16 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: Childhood obesity is one of the major challenges of public health policies. The problem of fatty liver in childhood, known as MAFLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease), is of particular interest as the gold standard diagnosis technique is invasive (liver biopsy). Hence,
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Background: Childhood obesity is one of the major challenges of public health policies. The problem of fatty liver in childhood, known as MAFLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease), is of particular interest as the gold standard diagnosis technique is invasive (liver biopsy). Hence, efforts are made to discover more specific biomarkers for the MAFLD signature. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate Osteonectin and Hsp27 as biomarkers for MAFLD diagnosis and to assess their links with auxological and biochemical profiles of overweight and obese pediatric subjects. Methods: A cross-sectional study in which we (re)analyzed data from the MR PONy cohort comprising 71 pediatric subjects. Auxological data, liver ultrasonography and biochemical serum profile were recorded. Lipid-derived indices and body composition indices were calculated. Nevertheless, serum Osteonectin and Hsp27 levels were assessed using an ELISA approach. Results: MAFLD prevalence was 40.8%. Higher Osteonectin levels were noted in MAFLD subjects versus non-MAFLD subjects and in dyslipidemic children regardless of their liver function status. Lipid-derived indices had good diagnostic capacity for MAFLD. Conclusions: We confirm Osteonectin as a MAFLD diagnosis biomarker in children. Also, lipid-derived indices are useful as metabolic-associated organ impairment markers in children even before the onset of obesity.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence: Etiology, Prevention and Treatment)
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Cultivating Healthier Habits: The Impact of Workplace Teaching Kitchens on Employee Food Literacy
by
Richard Daker, Ghislaine Challamel, Chavanne Hanson and Jane Upritchard
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 865; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu16060865 - 16 Mar 2024
Abstract
This research explores the impact of workplace teaching kitchen cooking classes on participants’ food literacy and identifies key predictors of employee engagement. Aligning with the existing literature, we demonstrate that a workplace teaching kitchen program, with hands-on cooking classes, effectively enhances food skills
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This research explores the impact of workplace teaching kitchen cooking classes on participants’ food literacy and identifies key predictors of employee engagement. Aligning with the existing literature, we demonstrate that a workplace teaching kitchen program, with hands-on cooking classes, effectively enhances food skills and intrinsic motivation—core aspects of food literacy. Importantly, our results reveal that even a single class can have a measurable impact. Teaching kitchens can successfully engage employees, particularly those with low food skills, showcasing their broad appeal beyond individuals already engaged in wellness or seeking social connection. Awareness emerges as the most influential predictor of participation, emphasizing the crucial role of marketing. Virtual classes prove as effective as onsite ones, offering the potential to increase access for employees. Recognizing employee wellness as a strategic opportunity for employers and a sought-after benefit for top talent, we underscore the importance of practical nutrition education to support individuals in shifting food choices within lifestyle constraints. Workplace teaching kitchens emerge as an effective and scalable solution to address this need. Future research should prioritize exploring the lasting impacts of teaching kitchen education on employee eating habits and health, contributing to ongoing strategy refinement.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue How Can Health and Wellness Promotion Strategies Which Include Nutrition Education alongside Hands-On Cooking Be Organized, Evaluated, and Optimized for Maximal Impact)
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