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Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health

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A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2022) | Viewed by 41202

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Colin Bell

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Interests: non-communicable disease prevention and control; nutrition epidemiology; intervention design; delivery and evaluation; health promotion; childhood obesity prevention; program management; creating healthy environments

Dr. Penelope Love

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Co-Guest Editor

Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
Interests: childhood obesity prevention; knowledge translation and exchange; socioecological approaches to obesity prevention; food security issues; cross-cultural nutrition practices; food-based dietary guidelines

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Dietary patterns are evolving, and we are increasingly aware of the contribution of food and food systems to community and planetary health. To be responsive to these changes and to promote dietary patterns that enhance the health and wellbeing of populations and protect against climate change, nutrition professionals and researchers need to monitor evolving dietary patterns and trial comprehensive, multiaction solutions.

This Special Issue will focus on research that describes comprehensive approaches to nutrition surveillance, epidemiological studies of diet, the development, implementation, and evaluation of dietary recommendations and goals, interventions to improve access and availability of healthy foods and interventions to strengthen food literacy, and sustainable dietary patterns among populations and health professionals.

Prof. Dr. Colin Bell
Guest Editor

Dr. Penelope Love
Co-Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

community nutrition
planetary health
food
dietary patterns
nutrition epidemiology
nutrition interventions
food literacy

Published Papers (11 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 202 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Community at the Centre of Future Food Systems

by Colin Bell and Penelope Love

Nutrients 2022, 14(23), 4951; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14234951 - 22 Nov 2022

Viewed by 1085

Abstract

Have you thought about what it is you love about food [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

Research

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23 pages, 1149 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development and Validation of the Vietnamese Children’s Short Dietary Questionnaire to Evaluate Food Groups Intakes and Dietary Practices among 9–11-Year-Olds Children in Urban Vietnam

by Thi My Thien Mai, Quoc Cuong Tran, Smita Nambiar, Jolieke C. Van der Pols and Danielle Gallegos

Nutrients 2022, 14(19), 3996; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14193996 - 26 Sep 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2323

Abstract

This study aims to develop and assess the reproducibility and validity of the Vietnamese Children’s Short Dietary Questionnaire (VCSDQ) in evaluating food groups intakes and dietary practices among school-aged children 9–11 years old in urban Vietnam. A 26-item questionnaire covering frequency intakes of five core food groups, five non-core food groups, five dietary practices over a week, and daily intakes of fruits, vegetables, and water was developed. Children (n = 144) from four primary schools in four areas of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam completed the VCSDQ twice, as well as three consecutive 24 h recalls over a week. Intra-class correlation, Spearman correlation, weighted kappa, cross-classification, and Bland–Altman plots were used to evaluate the reproducibility and validity. The direct validity of food groups from VCSDQ against the 24 h recalls was examined using Wilcoxon-test for trend. The VCSDQ had good reproducibility in 12 out of 15 group items; the ICC ranged from 0.33 (grains) to 0.84 (eating while watching screens). This VCSDQ had low relative validity, two items (instant noodles, eating while watching screens) had a moderate to good agreement (k = 0.43, k = 0.84). There was good direct validity in three core-food groups (fruits, vegetables, dairy) and three non-core food groups (sweetened beverages, instant noodles, processed meat). In addition, the VCSDQ can also be used to classify daily intakes of fruits and vegetables from low to high. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

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15 pages, 4846 KiB

Open AccessArticle

School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme: Characteristics of Its Implementation in the European Union from 2009/10 to 2016/17

by Iris Comino, Panmela Soares, María Asunción Martínez-Milán, Pablo Caballero and María Carmen Davó-Blanes

Nutrients 2022, 14(15), 3069; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14153069 - 26 Jul 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1305

Abstract

The “School Fruit and Vegetables Scheme” (SFVS) was proposed in 2009/10 as a strategy to support the consumption of Fruit and Vegetables (FV), decrease rates of obesity, improve agricultural income, stabilize markets, and ensure the current and future supply of these foods. However, there is little information about how it was carried out in the EU. Given the potential of the SFVS to support healthier, more sustainable food systems, the objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of SFVS implementation from 2009/10 to 2016/17 in the EU. A longitudinal, observational, and retrospective study was carried out based on secondary data. A total of 186 annual reports of the Member States (MS) participating in the SFVS from 2009/10 to 2016/17 were consulted: European and national budget, funds used from the EU, participating schools and students, duration of the SFVS, FV offered, and application of sustainability criteria, expenditure per student, days of the week, the quantity of FV offered per student and other indicators were calculated. The majority of MS participated in the SFVS during the study period with a heterogeneous implementation pattern in terms of funds used, coverage, duration, quantity (totals and by portion), and cost of FV distributed per student. The sustainability criteria for the FV distribution were also not applied uniformly in all the MS. Establishing minimum recommendations for SFVS implementation are recommended to maximize the benefits of the SFVS. The results may be useful for planning new strategies to help address and improve current health and environmental problems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

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27 pages, 10670 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development and Field-Testing of Proposed Food-Based Dietary Guideline Messages and Images amongst Consumers in Tanzania

by Lisanne M. Du Plessis, Nophiwe Job, Angela Coetzee, Shân Fischer, Mercy P. Chikoko, Maya Adam, Penelope Love and on behalf of the Food-Based Dietary Guideline (FBDG) Technical Working Group (TWG) Led by Tanzania Food and Nutrition Centre (TFNC)

Nutrients 2022, 14(13), 2705; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14132705 - 29 Jun 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4467

Abstract

In this paper we report on the development and field-testing of proposed food-based dietary guideline (FBDG) messages among Tanzanian consumers. The messages were tested for cultural appropriateness, consumer understanding, acceptability, and feasibility. In addition, comprehension of the messages was assessed using culturally representative images for low literacy audiences. Focus group discussions were used as method for data collection. Results indicate that the core meaning of the proposed FBDG messages and images were understood and acceptable to the general population. However, participants felt that nutrition education would be required for improved comprehension. Feasibility was affected by some cultural differences, lack of nutrition knowledge, time constraints, and poverty. Suggestions were made for some rewording of certain messages and editing of certain images. It is recommended that the field-tested messages and images, incorporating the suggested changes, should be adopted. Once adopted, the FBDGs can be used to inform and engage various stakeholders, including parents, caregivers, healthcare providers and educators on appropriate nutritional practices for children and adults. They can also be used to guide implementation of relevant policies and programmes to contribute towards the achievement of sustainable healthy diets and healthy dietary patterns. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

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20 pages, 2424 KiB

Open AccessArticle

“Food Is Our Love Language”: Using Talanoa to Conceptualize Food Security for the Māori and Pasifika Diaspora in South-East Queensland, Australia

by Heena Akbar, Charles J. T. Radclyffe, Daphne Santos, Maureen Mopio-Jane and Danielle Gallegos

Nutrients 2022, 14(10), 2020; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14102020 - 11 May 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4792

Abstract

Queensland is home to the largest diaspora of Māori and Pasifika peoples in Australia. They form an understudied population concerning experiences and challenges of food insecurity. This community co-designed research aims to explore the conceptualization of household food security by Māori and Pasifika peoples living in south-east Queensland. Participatory action research and talanoa were used to collect and analyse forty interviews with leaders representing 22 Māori and Pasifika cultural identities in south-east Queensland. Eight key themes emerged that conceptualise food security as an integral part of the culture and holistic health. These themes included: spirituality, identity, hospitality and reciprocity, stigma and shame, expectations and obligations, physical and mental health and barriers and solutions. Addressing food insecurity for collectivist cultures such as Māori and Pasifika peoples requires embracing food sovereignty approaches for improved food security through the co-design of practical solutions that impact social determinants and strengthen existing networks to produce and distribute affordable and nutritious food. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

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11 pages, 266 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Most Frequently Consumed Red/Processed Meat Dishes and Plant-Based Foods and Their Contribution to the Intake of Energy, Protein, and Nutrients-to-Limit among Canadians

by Mojtaba Shafiee, Naorin Islam, D. Dan Ramdath and Hassan Vatanparast

Nutrients 2022, 14(6), 1257; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14061257 - 16 Mar 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2174

Abstract

Using cross-sectional data from the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey–Nutrition, we aimed to identify and characterize the top 10 most frequently consumed plant-based foods and red/processed meat dishes in the Canadian population. Plant-based foods and red/processed meat dishes categories included 659 and 265 unique food codes, respectively, from the Canadian Nutrient File. A total of 20,176 Canadian individuals aged ≥1 year were included in our analysis. The most frequently consumed plant-based food was “Cooked regular long-grain white rice”, which made a significant contribution to energy (12.1 ± 0.3%) and protein (6.1 ± 0.2%) intake among consumers. The most frequently consumed red/processed meat dish in Canada was “Cooked regular, lean or extra lean ground beef or patty”. Among red/processed meat dishes, “ham and cheese sandwich with lettuce and spread” made the most significant contribution to the intake of energy (21.8 ± 0.7%), saturated fat (31.0 ± 1.0%), sodium (41.8 ± 1.3%), and sugars (8.2 ± 0.5%) among the consumers. Ground beef is the most frequently consumed red/processed meat dish and white rice is the most frequently consumed plant-based food among Canadians. Red/processed meat dishes are major drivers of the excessive intake of nutrients-to-limit. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

14 pages, 522 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Nutritional Status, Dietary Intake and Dietary Diversity of Landfill Waste Pickers

by Elizabeth C. Swart, Maria van der Merwe, Joy Williams, Frederick Blaauw, Jacoba M. M. Viljoen and Catherina J. Schenck

Nutrients 2022, 14(6), 1172; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14061172 - 10 Mar 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2654

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate and describe the nutritional status, dietary intake and dietary diversity of waste pickers in South Africa, a socioeconomically vulnerable group who makes a significant contribution to planetary health through salvaging recyclable material from dumpsites. Participants were weighed and measured to calculate body mass index (BMI). Dietary intake was recorded using a standardised multipass 24 h recall. Individual dietary diversity scores were derived from the dietary recall data. Data were collected from nine purposefully selected landfill sites located in six rural towns and three cities in four of the nine provinces in South Africa, providing nutritional status information on 386 participants and dietary intake on 358 participants after data cleaning and coding. The mean BMI of the study sample was 23.22 kg/m². Underweight was more prevalent among males (22.52%) whilst 56.1% of the females were overweight or obese. The average individual dietary diversity score was 2.46, with 50% scoring 2 or less. Dietary intake patterns were characterised as monotonous, starch-based and lacking vegetables and fruits. The nutritional status, dietary intake and dietary diversity of waste pickers reflect their precarious economic status, highlighting the need for health, social and economic policies to improve access and affordability of nutritious food. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

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9 pages, 243 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Number of Days Required to Estimate Habitual Vegetable Variety: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Dietary Records for 7 Consecutive Days

by Ryoko Kurisaki and Osamu Kushida

Nutrients 2022, 14(1), 56; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14010056 - 24 Dec 2021

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2230

Abstract

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the number of days required to estimate habitual vegetable variety by conducting a multiday, dietary record. Sixty respondents from three groups in Japan (rural residents, general students, and nutrition students) participated in the study using a self-administered questionnaire in September 2018. To measure vegetable variety, the number of different vegetables consumed was extracted from the dietary records of seven consecutive days. Differences in the number of vegetables consumed and the capture proportion over seven consecutive days between groups were examined using repeated measures analysis of variance and one-way analysis of variance. The vegetable variety between each day was also compared using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The vegetable variety based on dietary records for seven consecutive days confirmed the differences between groups by repeated measurements (p = 0.013). However, there was no significant difference among groups in the capture proportion per survey day based on seven consecutive days. Furthermore, there were significant correlations between the number of vegetables consumed over seven consecutive days and that consumed on two or more days (r > 0.50, p < 0.01) and especially three or more days in all groups (r > 0.70, p < 0.001). The present study suggested that a dietary survey over two or more days could provide an estimate of habitual vegetable variety. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

17 pages, 1187 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evidence Use in the Development of the Australian Dietary Guidelines: A Qualitative Study

by Kate Wingrove, Mark A. Lawrence, Cherie Russell and Sarah A. McNaughton

Nutrients 2021, 13(11), 3748; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu13113748 - 23 Oct 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3475

Abstract

Dietary guidelines are important nutrition policy reference standards that should be informed by the best available evidence. The types of evidence that are reviewed and the evidence review methods that are used have implications for evidence translation. The aim of this study was to explore perceived advantages, disadvantages, and practicalities associated with the synthesis and translation of evidence from nutrient-based, food-based, and dietary patterns research in dietary guideline development. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Twenty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted with people involved in the development of the 2013 Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADGs). Transcripts were analysed thematically. To inform future ADGs, there was support for reviewing evidence on a range of dietary exposures (including dietary patterns, foods and food groups, nutrients and food components, and eating occasions) and health outcomes, as well as evidence on environmental sustainability and equity. At the evidence synthesis stage, practicalities associated with planning the evidence review and conducting original systematic reviews were discussed. At the evidence translation stage, practicalities associated with integrating the evidence and consulting stakeholders were described. To ensure that the best available evidence is translated into future ADGs, evidence review methods should be selected based on the exposures and outcomes of interest. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

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Review

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11 pages, 649 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

Plant-Based Dietary Patterns for Human and Planetary Health

by Joshua Gibbs and Francesco P. Cappuccio

Nutrients 2022, 14(8), 1614; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14081614 - 13 Apr 2022

Cited by 50 | Viewed by 12578

Abstract

The coronavirus pandemic has acted as a reset on global economies, providing us with the opportunity to build back greener and ensure global warming does not surpass 1.5 °C. It is time for developed nations to commit to red meat reduction targets and shift to plant-based dietary patterns. Transitioning to plant-based diets (PBDs) has the potential to reduce diet-related land use by 76%, diet-related greenhouse gas emissions by 49%, eutrophication by 49%, and green and blue water use by 21% and 14%, respectively, whilst garnering substantial health co-benefits. An extensive body of data from prospective cohort studies and controlled trials supports the implementation of PBDs for obesity and chronic disease prevention. The consumption of diets high in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, nuts, fish, and unsaturated vegetable oils, and low in animal products, refined grains, and added sugars are associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. Meat appreciation, health concerns, convenience, and expense are prominent barriers to PBDs. Strategic policy action is required to overcome these barriers and promote the implementation of healthy and sustainable PBDs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

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Other

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19 pages, 1301 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Dietary Characteristics and Influencing Factors on Chinese Immigrants in Canada and the United States: A Scoping Review

by Ping Zou, Dong Ba, Yan Luo, Yeqin Yang, Chunmei Zhang, Hui Zhang and Yao Wang

Nutrients 2022, 14(10), 2166; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14102166 - 23 May 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2526

Abstract

Background: Chinese immigrants are an integral part of Canadian and American society. Chinese immigrants believe diet to be an important aspect of health, and dietary behaviours in this population have been associated with changes in disease risk factors and disease incidence. This review aims to summarize the characteristics of the dietary behaviours of Chinese immigrants and the associated influencing factors to better inform individual, clinical, and policy decisions. Methods: This scoping review was written in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, AgeLine, ERIC, ProQuest, Nursing and Allied Health Database, PsychARTICLES, and Sociology Database were utilized for the literature search. Articles were included if they explored dietary or nutritional intake or its influencing factors for Chinese immigrants to Canada or the United States. Results: A total of 51 papers were included in this review. Among Chinese immigrants in Canada and the United States, the intake of fruits and vegetables, milk and alternatives, and fiber were inadequate against national recommendations. Chinese immigrants showed increased total consumption of food across all food groups and adoption of Western food items. Total caloric intake, meat and alternatives intake, and carbohydrate intake increased with acculturation. Individual factors (demographics, individual preferences, and nutritional awareness), familial factors (familial preferences and values, having young children in the family, and household food environment), and community factors (accessibility and cultural conceptualizations of health and eating) influenced dietary behaviours of Chinese immigrants. Discussion and Conclusion: Efforts should be undertaken to increase fruit, vegetable, and fibre consumption in this population. As dietary acculturation is inevitable, efforts must also be undertaken to ensure that healthy Western foods are adopted. It is important for healthcare providers to remain culturally sensitive when providing dietary recommendations. This can be achieved through encouragement of healthy ethnocultural foods and acknowledgement and incorporation of traditional health beliefs and values into Western evidence-based principles where possible. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health)

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