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Forgotten Dietary Minerals and Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Micronutrients and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2020) | Viewed by 32507

Special Issue Editor

Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Interests: dietetics education; obesity management; infant nutrition; public health nutrition; diabetes management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this Special Issue of Nutrients, we would like to bring together papers considering the role and dietary intake of some of the ‘neglected’ dietary minerals. We will be particularly interested in the associated nutritional status in vulnerable population groups—for example, older people, pregnant, and those populations who may be following quite restrictive diets, including vegetarians and vegans.

Minerals of particular interest include iodine, zinc, chromium, selenium and iron—but this is not to say other minerals would not also be of interest.

We welcome different types of manuscript submissions, including original research articles and up-to-date reviews (systematic reviews and meta-analyses).

Potential topics may include but are not limited to the associations between mineral intake, dietary patterns, nutritional biomarkers, and anthropometric outcomes and certain disease states.

Dr. Amanda Avery
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Mineral
  • Nutritional health
  • Nutritional status
  • Restricted diets
  • Dietary intake
  • Iodine, iron, zinc, selenium

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 539 KiB  
Article
Plasma Lithium Levels in the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Metabolic and Dietary Correlates
by Janna Enderle, Urte Klink, Romina di Giuseppe, Manja Koch, Ulrike Seidel, Katharina Weber, Marc Birringer, Ilka Ratjen, Gerald Rimbach and Wolfgang Lieb
Nutrients 2020, 12(8), 2489; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu12082489 - 18 Aug 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 9874
Abstract
Initial evidence suggests that lithium might affect life expectancy and the risk for different disease conditions, but most studies were conducted in patients on lithium medication. Little is known about the association of blood lithium levels within the physiological range with cardiometabolic risk [...] Read more.
Initial evidence suggests that lithium might affect life expectancy and the risk for different disease conditions, but most studies were conducted in patients on lithium medication. Little is known about the association of blood lithium levels within the physiological range with cardiometabolic risk factors and diet. We measured plasma lithium in a community-based sample from Northern Germany (samples taken between 2010 and 2012). All participants (aged 25–82 years) underwent standardized examinations and completed a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Of several variables tested, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was statistically significantly (inversely) associated with lithium levels, mainly in individuals with slightly impaired renal function (eGFR < 75 mL/min/1.73 m2). Besides, lithium levels were positively associated with age and alcohol intake. Using reduced rank regression, we identified a dietary pattern explaining 8.63% variation in plasma lithium levels. Higher lithium levels were associated with higher intakes of potatoes, leafy vegetables, root vegetables, fruits, tea, beer, wine and dietetic products and lower intakes of pasta, rice, pork, chocolate, sweets, soft drinks, other alcoholic beverages, sauces and snacks. Our observations suggest that plasma lithium levels are associated inversely with kidney function, particularly in individuals with slightly impaired renal function, and positively with age and alcohol intake. Lithium at physiological levels was moderately related to an exploratory dietary pattern. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forgotten Dietary Minerals and Health)
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22 pages, 824 KiB  
Article
Dietary Selenium Intakes and Musculoskeletal Function in Very Old Adults: Analysis of the Newcastle 85+ Study
by Giorgia Perri, Nuno Mendonça, Carol Jagger, Jennifer Walsh, Richard Eastell, John C. Mathers and Tom R. Hill
Nutrients 2020, 12(7), 2068; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu12072068 - 12 Jul 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3769
Abstract
Background: Selenium is a trace element essential for health. Severe selenium deficiencies are associated with poor musculoskeletal (MSK) function. However, the effects of moderate deficiency on MSK function, especially in older adults, is unclear. Objectives: To determine the associations between selenium [...] Read more.
Background: Selenium is a trace element essential for health. Severe selenium deficiencies are associated with poor musculoskeletal (MSK) function. However, the effects of moderate deficiency on MSK function, especially in older adults, is unclear. Objectives: To determine the associations between selenium intake and MSK function in very old adults. Methods: Selenium intake at baseline and, hand-grip strength (HGS) and timed-up-and-go (TUG) at four phases over 5 years, were available in 791 participants in the Newcastle 85+ Study, a community-based, longitudinal cohort of ≥ 85 year old individuals. We investigated relationships between selenium intake and HGS and TUG in cross-sectional analyses at baseline using multivariate analyses and, prospectively using linear mixed models to explore HGS and TUG changes over 5 years in association with baseline selenium intake. Results: At baseline, 53% of participants had selenium intakes that were classified as low. These individuals had 2.80 kg lower HGS and were 2.30 s slower performing the TUG, cross-sectionally. In multivariate, baseline analyses, selenium intake had no significant impact on HGS or TUG. Selenium intake had no significant effect on MSK function, prospectively. Conclusion: Low selenium intake is common among very old adults and, in cross-sectional analyses, is associated with poorer MSK function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forgotten Dietary Minerals and Health)
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23 pages, 4398 KiB  
Article
Vegans, Vegetarians, and Omnivores: How Does Dietary Choice Influence Iodine Intake? A Systematic Review
by Elizabeth R. Eveleigh, Lisa J. Coneyworth, Amanda Avery and Simon J. M. Welham
Nutrients 2020, 12(6), 1606; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu12061606 - 29 May 2020
Cited by 49 | Viewed by 10704
Abstract
Vegan and vegetarian diets are becoming increasingly popular. Dietary restrictions may increase the risk of iodine deficiency. This systematic review aims to assess iodine intake and status in adults following a vegan or vegetarian diet in industrialised countries. A systematic review and quality [...] Read more.
Vegan and vegetarian diets are becoming increasingly popular. Dietary restrictions may increase the risk of iodine deficiency. This systematic review aims to assess iodine intake and status in adults following a vegan or vegetarian diet in industrialised countries. A systematic review and quality assessment were conducted in the period May 2019–April 2020 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were identified in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and secondary sources. Fifteen articles met inclusion criteria. Participants included 127,094 adults (aged ≥ 18 years). Vegan groups presented the lowest median urinary iodine concentrations, followed by vegetarians, and did not achieve optimal status. The highest iodine intakes were recorded in female vegans (1448.0 ± 3879.0 µg day−1) and the lowest in vegetarians (15.6 ± 21.0 µg day−1). Omnivores recorded the greatest intake in 83% of studies. Seaweed contributed largely to diets of vegans with excessive iodine intake. Vegans appear to have increased risk of low iodine status, deficiency and inadequate intake compared with adults following less restrictive diets. Adults following vegan and vegetarian diets living in countries with a high prevalence of deficiency may be more vulnerable. Therefore, further monitoring of iodine status in industrialised countries and research into improving the iodine intake and status of adults following vegan and vegetarian diets is required. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forgotten Dietary Minerals and Health)
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24 pages, 373 KiB  
Article
Trace Mineral Intake and Deficiencies in Older Adults Living in the Community and Institutions: A Systematic Review
by Zeynep Vural, Amanda Avery, Dimitris I. Kalogiros, Lisa J. Coneyworth and Simon J. M. Welham
Nutrients 2020, 12(4), 1072; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu12041072 - 13 Apr 2020
Cited by 41 | Viewed by 7661
Abstract
The global population is ageing with many older adults suffering from age-related malnutrition, including micronutrient deficiencies. Adequate nutrient intake is vital to enable older adults to continue living independently and delay their institutionalisation, as well as to prevent deterioration of health status in [...] Read more.
The global population is ageing with many older adults suffering from age-related malnutrition, including micronutrient deficiencies. Adequate nutrient intake is vital to enable older adults to continue living independently and delay their institutionalisation, as well as to prevent deterioration of health status in those living in institutions. This systematic review investigated the insufficiency of trace minerals in older adults living independently and in institutions. We examined 28 studies following a cross-sectional or cohort design, including 7203 older adults (≥60) living independently in 13 Western countries and 2036 living in institutions in seven Western countries. The estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-off point method was used to calculate percentage insufficiency for eight trace minerals using extracted mean and standard deviation values. Zinc deficiency was observed in 31% of community-based women and 49% of men. This was higher for those in institutional care (50% and 66%, respectively). Selenium intakes were similarly compromised with deficiency in 49% women and 37% men in the community and 44% women and 27% men in institutions. We additionally found significant proportions of both populations showing insufficiency for iron, iodine and copper. This paper identifies consistent nutritional insufficiency for selenium, zinc, iodine and copper in older adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forgotten Dietary Minerals and Health)
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