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Dietary Minerals

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2012) | Viewed by 82656

Special Issue Editor

UC Davis Children's Hospital, 2516 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
Interests: Mineral metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For decades mineral nutrients have been known to be vital for human health, and their deficiency has been known to be a serious global public health concern. In recent years we have learnt much about the mechanistic roles that minerals play in cell biology, mineral-nutrient interactions, and mineral-gene interactions; and minerals have been shown to be important in an ever-increasing range of biological processes.
Parallel to this increased understanding of basic biological processes, there has been an explosion in ideas to tackle population-wide mineral deficiencies. Some of these ideas depend on cutting edge basic science (such as the generation of transgenic food sources and biofortification), others rely on changes in public policy, education and social marketing.
In this Special Issue we wish to address the entire range of advances in mineral research that will help to understand and mitigate the burden of mineral deficiencies in developed and developing world populations.

These may including the roles of

  • bench research
  • population-based surveys of mineral status
  • assessment of mineral status in high-risk population
  • nutritional interventions programs
  • behavioral modifications and social marketing

Dr. Ian J. Griffin
Guest Editor

Keywords

  • Micromineral
  • Macrominerals
  • Trace minerals
  • Global health
  • Biofortification
  • Nutritional deficiencies
  • Nutrient intake
  • Food supplementation

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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777 KiB  
Article
Sodium Intakes of US Children and Adults from Foods and Beverages by Location of Origin and by Specific Food Source
by Adam Drewnowski and Colin D. Rehm
Nutrients 2013, 5(6), 1840-1855; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu5061840 - 28 May 2013
Cited by 52 | Viewed by 10044
Abstract
Sodium intakes, from foods and beverages, of 22,852 persons in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES 2003–2008) were examined by specific food source and by food location of origin. Analyses were based on a single 24-h recall. Separate analyses were conducted [...] Read more.
Sodium intakes, from foods and beverages, of 22,852 persons in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES 2003–2008) were examined by specific food source and by food location of origin. Analyses were based on a single 24-h recall. Separate analyses were conducted for children (6–11 years of age), adolescents (12–19), and adults (20–50 and ≥51 years). Grouping of like foods (e.g., food sources) used a scheme proposed by the National Cancer Institute, which divides foods/beverages into 96 food subgroups (e.g., pizza, yeast breads or cold cuts). Food locations of origin were stores (e.g., grocery, convenience and specialty stores), quick-service restaurant/pizza (QSR), full-service restaurant (FSR), school, or other. Food locations of sodium were also evaluated by race/ethnicity amongst adults. Stores provided between 58.1% and 65.2% of dietary sodium, whereas QSR and FSR together provided between 18.9% and 31.8% depending on age. The proportion of sodium from QSR varied from 10.1% to 19.9%, whereas that from FSR varied from 3.4% to 13.3%. School meals provided 10.4% of sodium for 6–11 year olds and 6.0% for 12–19 year olds. Pizza from QSR, the top away from home food item, provided 5.4% of sodium in adolescents. QSR pizza, chicken, burgers and Mexican dishes combined provided 7.8% of total sodium in adult diets. Most sodium came from foods purchased in stores. Food manufacturers, restaurants, and grocery stores all have a role to play in reducing the amount of sodium in the American diet. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Minerals)
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218 KiB  
Article
Neonatal Phosphate Nutrition Alters in Vivo and in Vitro Satellite Cell Activity in Pigs
by Lindsey S. Alexander, Brynn S. Seabolt, Robert P. Rhoads and Chad H. Stahl
Nutrients 2012, 4(6), 436-448; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu4060436 - 31 May 2012
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 7051
Abstract
Satellite cell activity is necessary for postnatal skeletal muscle growth. Severe phosphate (PO4) deficiency can alter satellite cell activity, however the role of neonatal PO4 nutrition on satellite cell biology remains obscure. Twenty-one piglets (1 day of age, 1.8 ± [...] Read more.
Satellite cell activity is necessary for postnatal skeletal muscle growth. Severe phosphate (PO4) deficiency can alter satellite cell activity, however the role of neonatal PO4 nutrition on satellite cell biology remains obscure. Twenty-one piglets (1 day of age, 1.8 ± 0.2 kg BW) were pair-fed liquid diets that were either PO4 adequate (0.9% total P), supra-adequate (1.2% total P) in PO4 requirement or deficient (0.7% total P) in PO4 content for 12 days. Body weight was recorded daily and blood samples collected every 6 days. At day 12, pigs were orally dosed with BrdU and 12 h later, satellite cells were isolated. Satellite cells were also cultured in vitro for 7 days to determine if PO4 nutrition alters their ability to proceed through their myogenic lineage. Dietary PO4 deficiency resulted in reduced (P < 0.05) sera PO4 and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations, while supra-adequate dietary PO4 improved (P < 0.05) feed conversion efficiency as compared to the PO4 adequate group. In vivo satellite cell proliferation was reduced (P < 0.05) among the PO4 deficient pigs, and these cells had altered in vitro expression of markers of myogenic progression. Further work to better understand early nutritional programming of satellite cells and the potential benefits of emphasizing early PO4 nutrition for future lean growth potential is warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Minerals)
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Review

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6394 KiB  
Review
Vitamin D — Effects on Skeletal and Extraskeletal Health and the Need for Supplementation
by Matthias Wacker and Michael F. Holick
Nutrients 2013, 5(1), 111-148; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu5010111 - 10 Jan 2013
Cited by 497 | Viewed by 40881
Abstract
Vitamin D, the sunshine vitamin, has received a lot of attention recently as a result of a meteoric rise in the number of publications showing that vitamin D plays a crucial role in a plethora of physiological functions and associating vitamin D deficiency [...] Read more.
Vitamin D, the sunshine vitamin, has received a lot of attention recently as a result of a meteoric rise in the number of publications showing that vitamin D plays a crucial role in a plethora of physiological functions and associating vitamin D deficiency with many acute and chronic illnesses including disorders of calcium metabolism, autoimmune diseases, some cancers, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and infectious diseases. Vitamin D deficiency is now recognized as a global pandemic. The major cause for vitamin D deficiency is the lack of appreciation that sun exposure has been and continues to be the major source of vitamin D for children and adults of all ages. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of a healthy skeleton throughout life. There remains some controversy regarding what blood level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D should be attained for both bone health and reducing risk for vitamin D deficiency associated acute and chronic diseases and how much vitamin D should be supplemented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Minerals)
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606 KiB  
Review
Vitamin D Interactions with Soy Isoflavones on Bone after Menopause: A Review
by Clara Y. Park and Connie M. Weaver
Nutrients 2012, 4(11), 1610-1621; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu4111610 - 06 Nov 2012
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 12774
Abstract
Vitamin D is known to increase Ca absorption in adults. However, the threshold vitamin D status to benefit Ca absorption is lower than the target vitamin D status for higher bone mineral density and lower fracture risk, pointing to another pathway for vitamin [...] Read more.
Vitamin D is known to increase Ca absorption in adults. However, the threshold vitamin D status to benefit Ca absorption is lower than the target vitamin D status for higher bone mineral density and lower fracture risk, pointing to another pathway for vitamin D to benefit bone. One possibility is by affecting osteoblast and osteoclasts directly. Vitamin D-related bone metabolism may also be affected by soy isoflavones, which selectively bind to the estrogen receptor β and may reduce bone loss in postmenopausal women. We discuss a possible synergistic effect of soy isoflavones and vitamin D on bone by affecting osteoblast and osteoclast formation and activity in postmenopausal women. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Minerals)
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2536 KiB  
Review
Plant Calcium Content: Ready to Remodel
by Jian Yang, Tracy Punshon, Mary Lou Guerinot and Kendal D. Hirschi
Nutrients 2012, 4(8), 1120-1136; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu4081120 - 21 Aug 2012
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 10882
Abstract
By identifying the relationship between calcium location in the plant cell and nutrient bioavailability, the plant characteristics leading to maximal calcium absorption by humans can be identified. Knowledge of plant cellular and molecular targets controlling calcium location in plants is emerging. These insights [...] Read more.
By identifying the relationship between calcium location in the plant cell and nutrient bioavailability, the plant characteristics leading to maximal calcium absorption by humans can be identified. Knowledge of plant cellular and molecular targets controlling calcium location in plants is emerging. These insights should allow for better strategies for increasing the nutritional content of foods. In particular, the use of preparation-free elemental imaging technologies such as synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microscopy in plant biology may allow researchers to understand the relationship between subcellular location and nutrient bioavailability. These approaches may lead to better strategies for altering the location of calcium within the plant to maximize its absorption from fruits and vegetables. These modified foods could be part of a diet for children and adults identified as at-risk for low calcium intake or absorption with the ultimate goal of decreasing the incidence and severity of inadequate bone mineralization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Minerals)
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