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Gene-Nutrient Interactions and Precision Nutrition in Human Health

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A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2022) | Viewed by 15457

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Prof. Dr. A. Catharine Ross

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Department of Nutrition, Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Interests: vitamin A metabolism and functions; neonatal nutrition; mathematical modeling
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Nutrients on “Gene–Nutrient Interactions and Precision Nutrition in Human Health” aims to present a collection of articles promoting a broad and comprehensive understanding of nutrient–gene interactions and how they help to inform the new field of precision nutrition. It is now well established that a sound understanding of gene–nutrient interactions is fundamental to precision nutrition—we must understand the interactions of nutrients with genes and the ways in which genetic makeup affects nutrient usage if we are to provide accurate and well-tailored nutritional advice at the individual and population levels. Some genes are intrinsically involved in gene–nutrient interactions because the products of these genes are directly responsible for nutrient uptake, transport, metabolism, or function. Other genes are quantitatively regulated by nutrients at the levels of transcription, translation, epigenetic modification, and by other mechanism, all of which may be affected by genomic variation. For this Special Issue, we welcome manuscripts on all aspects of how the genes themselves, genetic patterns, and nutrients interact at the basic cellular and physiological levels, and how they serve as determinants of individual and population health.

Prof. Dr. A. Catharine Ross
Guest Editor

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Keywords

population genetics and nutrition
single nucleotide polymorphisms
epigenetic regulation
nutrients in transcriptional regulation
nutrients in epigenetic regulation
nutrients in translational regulation

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1015 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Interaction between SIDT2 and ABCA1 Variants with Nutrients on HDL-c Levels in Mexican Adults

by Guadalupe León-Reyes, Anna D. Argoty-Pantoja, Berenice Rivera-Paredez, Alberto Hidalgo-Bravo, Yvonne N. Flores, Jorge Salmerón and Rafael Velázquez-Cruz

Nutrients 2023, 15(2), 370; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu15020370 - 11 Jan 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2093

Abstract

Previous studies have reported that the SIDT2 and ABCA1 genes are involved in lipid metabolism. We aimed to analyze the association—the gene x gene interaction between rs17120425 and rs1784042 on SIDT2 and rs9282541 on ABCA1 and their diet interaction on the HDL-c serum levels—in a cohort of 1982 Mexican adults from the Health Workers Cohort Study. Demographic and clinical data were collected through a structured questionnaire and standardized procedures. Genotyping was performed using a predesigned TaqMan assay. The associations and interactions of interest were estimated using linear and logistic regression. Carriers of the rs17120425-A and rs1784042-A alleles had slightly higher blood HDL-c levels compared to the non-carriers. In contrast, rs9282541-A was associated with low blood HDL-c levels (OR = 1.34, p = 0.013). The rs1784042 x rs9282541 interaction was associated with high blood HDL-c levels (p = 3.4 × 10⁻⁴). Premenopausal women who carried at least one rs17120425-A allele and consumed high dietary fat, protein, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fatty acids levels had higher HDL-c levels than the non-carriers. These results support the association between the genetic variants on SIDT2 and ABCA1 with HDL-c levels and suggest gene–gene and gene–diet interactions over HDL-c concentrations in Mexican adults. Our findings could be a platform for developing clinical and dietary strategies for improving the health of the Mexican population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene-Nutrient Interactions and Precision Nutrition in Human Health)

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17 pages, 1430 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between the rs3812316 Single Nucleotide Variant of the MLXIPL Gene and Alpha-Linolenic Acid Intake with Triglycerides in Mexican Mestizo Women

by Montserrat Maldonado-González, Zamira H. Hernández-Nazara, Nathaly Torres-Castillo, Erika Martínez-López, Lucia de la Cruz-Color and Bertha Ruíz-Madrigal

Nutrients 2022, 14(22), 4726; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14224726 - 09 Nov 2022

Viewed by 1718

Abstract

The carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcription factor to understand the gene–diet–nutrient relationship that leads to metabolic diseases. We aimed to analyze the association between the rs17145750 and rs3812316 SNVs (single nucleotide variants) of the MLXIPL gene with dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical variables in Mexican Mestizo subjects. This is a cross-sectional study of 587 individuals. Genotyping was performed by allelic discrimination. In addition, liver and adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from a subgroup of 24 subjects to analyze the expression of the MLXIPL gene. An in silico test of the protein stability and allelic imbalance showed that rs17145750 and rs3812316 showed a high rate of joint heritability in a highly conserved area. The G allele of rs3812316 was associated with lower triglyceride levels (OR = −0.070 ± 0.027, p < 0.011, 95% CI = −0.124 to −0.016), the production of an unstable protein (ΔΔG −0.83 kcal/mol), and probably lower tissue mRNA levels. In addition, we found independent factors that also influence triglyceride levels, such as insulin resistance, HDL-c, and dietary protein intake in women. Our data showed that the association of rs3812316 on triglycerides was only observed in patients with an inadequate alpha-linolenic acid intake (1.97 ± 0.03 vs. 2.11 ± 0.01 log mg/dL, p < 0.001). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene-Nutrient Interactions and Precision Nutrition in Human Health)

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10 pages, 1276 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Genetic Variants in One-Carbon Metabolism and Their Effects on DHA Biomarkers in Pregnant Women: A Post-Hoc Analysis

by Aura (Alex) P. Loinard-González, Olga V. Malysheva, Kevin C. Klatt and Marie A. Caudill

Nutrients 2022, 14(18), 3801; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14183801 - 15 Sep 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1489

Abstract

The delivery of docosahexanoic acid (DHA) to the fetus is dependent on maternal one-carbon metabolism, as the latter supports the hepatic synthesis and export of a DHA-enriched phosphatidylcholine molecule via the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) pathway. The following is a post-hoc analysis of a choline intervention study that sought to investigate whether common variants in one-carbon metabolizing genes associate with maternal and/or fetal blood biomarkers of DHA status. Pregnant women entering their second trimester were randomized to consume, until delivery, either 25 (n = 15) or 550 (n = 15) mg choline/d, and the effects of genetic variants in the PEMT, BHMT, MTHFD1, and MTHFR genes on DHA status were examined. Variant (vs. non-variant) maternal PEMT rs4646343 genotypes tended to have lower maternal RBC DHA (% total fatty acids) throughout gestation (6.9% vs. 7.4%; main effect, p = 0.08) and lower cord RBC DHA at delivery (7.6% vs. 8.4%; main effect, p = 0.09). Conversely, variant (vs. non-variant) maternal MTHFD1 rs2235226 genotypes exhibited higher cord RBC DHA (8.3% vs. 7.3%; main effect, p = 0.0003) and higher cord plasma DHA (55 vs. 41 μg/mL; main effect, p = 0.05). Genotype tended to interact with maternal choline intake (p < 0.1) to influence newborn DHA status for PEMT rs4646343 and PEMT rs7946. These data support the need to consider variants in one-carbon metabolic genes in studies assessing DHA status and requirements during pregnancy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene-Nutrient Interactions and Precision Nutrition in Human Health)

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16 pages, 1449 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of SULT1A1, SULT1C4, ABCC2 and Phase II Flavanone Metabolites Excretion after Orange Juice Intake

by Layanne Nascimento Fraga, Dragan Milenkovic, Franco Maria Lajolo and Neuza Mariko Aymoto Hassimotto

Nutrients 2022, 14(18), 3770; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14183770 - 13 Sep 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2137

Abstract

Citrus fruits and juices are a major source of dietary flavanones, and the regular consumption of these foods is inversely associated with the development of cardiometabolic diseases. However, the biological benefits depend on the bioavailability of these compounds, and previous studies have reported a large interindividual variability in the absorption and excretion of these compounds. Different factors, such as age, gender or genetic polymorphism of genes coding enzymes involved in the metabolism and transport of the flavanones, may explain this heterogeneity. This study aimed to assess the impact of single nucleotide polymorphism of sulfotransferases SULT1A1 and SULT1C4, and ABCC2 transporter genes on excretion of phase II flavanone metabolites in volunteers after 24 h of orange juice intake. Forty-six volunteers ingested a single dose of 500 mL of orange juice and 24-h urine was collected. The hesperetin and naringenin phase II metabolites were quantified in urine, and SNPs in SULT1A1, SULT1C4 and ABCC2 genes were genotyped. A significant (p < 0.05) relationship between the SNPs in these genes and the high excretion of phase II flavanone metabolites were observed. These results identified novel polymorphisms associated with higher absorption of flavanones, which may provide bases for future personalized nutritional guidelines for consuming flavanone-rich foods rich in these nutrients for better benefit from their health properties. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene-Nutrient Interactions and Precision Nutrition in Human Health)

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17 pages, 4550 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Personalized Nutrition Using Microbial Metabolite Phenotype to Stratify Participants and Non-Invasive Host Exfoliomics Reveal the Effects of Flaxseed Lignan Supplementation in a Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial

by Destiny A. Mullens, Ivan Ivanov, Meredith A. J. Hullar, Timothy W. Randolph, Johanna W. Lampe and Robert S. Chapkin

Nutrients 2022, 14(12), 2377; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14122377 - 08 Jun 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2089

Abstract

High-fiber plant foods contain lignans that are converted to bioactive enterolignans, enterolactone (ENL) and enterodiol (END) by gut bacteria. Previously, we conducted an intervention study to gain mechanistic insight into the potential chemoprotective effects of flaxseed lignan supplementation (secoisolariciresinol diglucoside; SDG) compared to a placebo in 42 men and women. Here, we expand on these analyses to further probe the impact of the microbial metabolite phenotype on host gene expression in response to lignan exposure. We defined metabolic phenotypes as high- or low-ENL excretion based on the microbial metabolism of SDG. RNA-seq was used to assess host gene expression in fecal exfoliated cells. Stratified by microbial ENL excretion, differentially expressed (DE) genes in high- and low-ENL excreter groups were compared. Linear discriminant analysis using the ENL phenotypes identified putative biomarker combinations of genes capable of discriminating the lignan treatment from the placebo. Following lignan intervention, a total of 165 DE genes in high-ENL excreters and 1450 DE genes in low-ENL excreters were detected. Functional analysis identified four common upstream regulators (master genes): CD3, IFNG, IGF1 and TNFRSF1A. Our findings suggest that the enhanced conversion of flaxseed lignan to ENL is associated with a suppressed inflammatory status. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene-Nutrient Interactions and Precision Nutrition in Human Health)

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19 pages, 3420 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Beta 2-Adrenergic Receptor Gly16Arg Polymorphism on Taste Preferences in Healthy Young Japanese Adults

by Kohei Narita, Tada-aki Kudo, Guang Hong, Kanako Tominami, Satoshi Izumi, Yohei Hayashi and Junichi Nakai

Nutrients 2022, 14(7), 1430; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14071430 - 29 Mar 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2131

Abstract

The Gly16Arg polymorphism results in a G to C nucleotide mutation in the human beta 2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) gene and has a relationship with obesity; however, this substitution’s effects on food preferences are unclear. Therefore, we determined this relationship among healthy young adults (mean age, 23.4; n = 52). To evaluate food preferences, four categories of food (sweet, salty, sour, and bitter) along with high-fat foods were evaluated using a self-reporting questionnaire. Male (n = 26) and female subjects (n = 26) were genotyped for the polymorphism and further divided into three groups (two homozygous groups, GG, CC; and a heterozygous group, GC). Preference for sour foods in the GG group was higher compared with that in the CC group in females (p < 0.05). When sweet foods were classified into low- and high-fat subgroups, preference for high-fat sweet foods in the GG group was higher than that for low-fat sweet foods in all subjects (p < 0.05). The degree of preference for high-fat foods in the GG group was higher than other groups for males (p < 0.05). These results suggest that ADRB2 polymorphism is associated with food preference. Understanding the relationship of ADRB2 substitution to food preference will be valuable for designing individualized anti-obesity strategies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene-Nutrient Interactions and Precision Nutrition in Human Health)

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14 pages, 947 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Associations of Maternal rs1801131 Genotype in MTHFR and Serum Folate and Vitamin B₁₂ with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Pregnant Women

by Shuying Li, Xiubiao Tian, Yiyun Wang, Xumei Zhang, Liwen Zhang, Chen Li, Jing Li, Chunhua Wang, Huihuan Liu, Juan Liu, Hongjuan Liu, Xueli Yang, Weiqin Li, Junhong Leng, Xilin Yang, Naijun Tang and Qiang Zhang

Nutrients 2022, 14(6), 1169; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/nu14061169 - 10 Mar 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2869

Abstract

Circumstantial evidence links one-carbon metabolism (OCM) related nutrients, such as folate and vitamin B₁₂, with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, few studies have evaluated the combined effects of these nutrients with OCM related gene polymorphisms on GDM. This study investigated whether OCM related genetic variants modified the associations of folate and B₁₂ with GDM. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for OCM related nutrients and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding main OCM related enzymes (MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR) on GDM. Higher folate concentrations were associated with increased GDM risk (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.13). However, higher B₁₂ concentrations were associated with reduced GDM risk (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.92). Pregnancies with MTHFR rs1801131 G alleles had a significantly lower risk of GDM than pregnancies with T alleles (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.91) under the dominant model. The genotype-stratified analysis revealed the association between folate and GDM (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.30) or B₁₂ and GDM (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.98) was more evident in pregnancies with TT genotype. Higher folate and lower B₁₂ are associated with GDM. Pregnancies with MTHFR rs1801131 TT genotype are more susceptible to OCM nutrient-related GDM. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gene-Nutrient Interactions and Precision Nutrition in Human Health)

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