Beyond the Standard Models in Particle Physics and Cosmology

A special issue of Particles (ISSN 2571-712X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 12179

Special Issue Editor

1. President and Full Professor, Center for Cosmopartilce Physics "Cosmion", National Research Nuclear University ”Moscow Engineering Physics Institute”, Moscow, Russia
2. Virtual Institute of Astroparticle Physics, 75018 Paris, France
3. Principal Researcher, Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov on Don, Russia
Interests: cosmoparticle physics; cosmology and particle physics; physics of dark matter and the early universe; physics beyond the standard model
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Studies beyond the standard model (BSM) of particle physics and cosmology are the mainstream of current scientific research.

BSM physics is the widely established basis of modern cosmology, and thus is a popular topic in most conferences on particle physics and cosmology. The important feature of the cosmological impact of BSM physics is related to specific model-dependent predictions, leading to deviations from the standard cosmological paradigm of inflationary models with baryosynthesis and the Lambda CDM model of cosmological structures and evolution, as well as to new types of astrophysical objects and processes.

The present Special Issue extends the platform for discussions of this topic, inviting not only authors of the selected presentations at the Bled workshops "What comes beyond the Standard models?" or the International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics (ICPPA), but also any other interested contributors. Special support for scientific debuts in this field is another important feature of the present Special Issue and we invite MSc and Ph.D. students to take their first steps in research in this exciting field of science.

Prof. Dr. Maxim Y. Khlopov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 934 KiB  
Communication
Supersymmetric AdS Solitons, Ground States, and Phase Transitions in Maximal Gauged Supergravity
by Antonio Gallerati
Particles 2023, 6(3), 762-770; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/particles6030048 - 12 Aug 2023
Viewed by 657
Abstract
We review some recent soliton solutions in a class of four-dimensional supergravity theories. The latter can be obtained from black hole solutions by means of a double Wick rotation. For special values of the parameters, the new configurations can be embedded in the [...] Read more.
We review some recent soliton solutions in a class of four-dimensional supergravity theories. The latter can be obtained from black hole solutions by means of a double Wick rotation. For special values of the parameters, the new configurations can be embedded in the gauged maximal N=8 theory and uplifted in the higher-dimensional D=11 theory. We also consider BPS soliton solutions, preserving a certain fraction of supersymmetry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models in Particle Physics and Cosmology)
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12 pages, 306 KiB  
Article
Squeezing the Parameter Space for Lorentz Violation in the Neutrino Sector with Additional Decay Channels
by Ulrich D. Jentschura
Particles 2020, 3(3), 630-641; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/particles3030041 - 26 Aug 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2103
Abstract
The hypothesis of Lorentz violation in the neutrino sector has intrigued scientists for the last two to three decades. A number of theoretical arguments support the emergence of such violations, first and foremost for neutrinos, which constitute the “most elusive” and “least interacting” [...] Read more.
The hypothesis of Lorentz violation in the neutrino sector has intrigued scientists for the last two to three decades. A number of theoretical arguments support the emergence of such violations, first and foremost for neutrinos, which constitute the “most elusive” and “least interacting” particles known to mankind. It is of obvious interest to place stringent bounds on the Lorentz-violating parameters in the neutrino sector. In the past, the most stringent bounds have been placed by calculating the probability of neutrino decay into a lepton pair, a process made kinematically feasible by Lorentz violation in the neutrino sector, above a certain threshold. However, even more stringent bounds can be placed on the Lorentz-violating parameters if one takes into account, additionally, the possibility of neutrino splitting, i.e., of neutrino decay into a neutrino of lower energy, accompanied by “neutrino-pair Čerenkov radiation.” This process has a negligible threshold and can be used to improve the bounds on Lorentz-violating parameters in the neutrino sector. Finally, we take the opportunity to discuss the relation of Lorentz and gauge symmetry breaking, with a special emphasis on the theoretical models employed in our calculations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models in Particle Physics and Cosmology)
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14 pages, 326 KiB  
Article
Relations between Clifford Algebra and Dirac Matrices in the Presence of Families
by Dragan Lukman, Mickael Komendyak and Norma Susana Mankoč Borštnik
Particles 2020, 3(3), 518-531; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/particles3030035 - 29 Jun 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2029
Abstract
The internal degrees of freedom of fermions are in the spin-charge-family theory described by the Clifford algebra objects, which are superposition of an odd number of γ a ’s. Arranged into irreducible representations of “eigenvectors” of the Cartan subalgebra of the Lorentz algebra [...] Read more.
The internal degrees of freedom of fermions are in the spin-charge-family theory described by the Clifford algebra objects, which are superposition of an odd number of γ a ’s. Arranged into irreducible representations of “eigenvectors” of the Cartan subalgebra of the Lorentz algebra S a b ( = i 2 γ a γ b | a b ) these objects form 2 d 2 1 families with 2 d 2 1 family members each. Family members of each family offer the description of all the observed quarks and leptons and antiquarks and antileptons, appearing in families. Families are reachable by S ˜ a b = 1 2 γ ˜ a γ ˜ b | a b . Creation operators, carrying the family member and family quantum numbers form the basis vectors. The action of the operators γ a ’s, S a b , γ ˜ a ’s and S ˜ a b , applying on the basis vectors, manifests as matrices. In this paper the basis vectors in d = ( 3 + 1 ) Clifford space are discussed, chosen in a way that the matrix representations of γ a and of S a b coincide for each family quantum number, determined by S ˜ a b , with the Dirac matrices. The appearance of charges in Clifford space is discussed by embedding d = ( 3 + 1 ) space into d = ( 5 + 1 ) -dimensional space. The achievements and predictions of the spin-charge-family theory is also shortly presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models in Particle Physics and Cosmology)
9 pages, 491 KiB  
Article
Formation of Conserved Charge at the de Sitter Space
by Valery V. Nikulin, Polina M. Petriakova and Sergey G. Rubin
Particles 2020, 3(2), 355-363; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/particles3020027 - 14 Apr 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2408
Abstract
The article considers a new mechanism of charge accumulation in the early Universe in theories with compact extra dimensions. The relaxation processes in the extra space metric that take place during its formation lead to the establishment of symmetrical extra space configuration. As [...] Read more.
The article considers a new mechanism of charge accumulation in the early Universe in theories with compact extra dimensions. The relaxation processes in the extra space metric that take place during its formation lead to the establishment of symmetrical extra space configuration. As a result, the initial accumulation of the number associated with the symmetry occurs. We demonstrate this mechanism using a simple example of a two-dimensional apple-like extra space metric with U ( 1 ) -symmetry. The conceptual idea of the mechanism can be used to develop a model for the production of the baryon or lepton number in the early Universe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models in Particle Physics and Cosmology)
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9 pages, 288 KiB  
Article
Cosmic Gamma Ray Constraints on the Indirect Effects of Dark Matter
by Konstantin M. Belotsky, Airat Kh. Kamaletdinov, Ekaterina S. Shlepkina and Maxim L. Solovyov
Particles 2020, 3(2), 336-344; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/particles3020025 - 08 Apr 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2096
Abstract
The observed anomalous excess of high-energy cosmic ray (CR) positrons is widely discussed as possible indirect evidence for dark matter (DM). However, any source of cosmic positrons is inevitably the source of gamma radiation. The least model dependent test of CR anomalies interpretation [...] Read more.
The observed anomalous excess of high-energy cosmic ray (CR) positrons is widely discussed as possible indirect evidence for dark matter (DM). However, any source of cosmic positrons is inevitably the source of gamma radiation. The least model dependent test of CR anomalies interpretation via DM particles decays (or annihilation) is connected with gamma-ray background due to gamma overproduction in such processes. In this work, we impose an observational constraint on gamma ray production from DM. Then, we study the possible suppression of gamma yield in the DM decays into identical final fermions. Such DM particles arise in the multi-component dark atom model. The influence of the interaction vertices on the gamma suppression was also considered. No essential gamma suppression effects are found. However, some minor ones are revealed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models in Particle Physics and Cosmology)
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Review

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15 pages, 3366 KiB  
Review
Mechanisms of Producing Primordial Black Holes and Their Evolution
by Maxim A. Krasnov and Valery V. Nikulin
Particles 2023, 6(2), 580-594; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/particles6020033 - 14 May 2023
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Abstract
Primordial black holes have become a highly intriguing and captivating field of study in cosmology due to their potential theoretical and observational significance. This review delves into a variety of mechanisms that could give rise to PBHs and explores various methods for examining [...] Read more.
Primordial black holes have become a highly intriguing and captivating field of study in cosmology due to their potential theoretical and observational significance. This review delves into a variety of mechanisms that could give rise to PBHs and explores various methods for examining their evolution through mass accretion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Beyond the Standard Models in Particle Physics and Cosmology)
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