Tick Physiology and Behavior

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Ticks".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 4407

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
2. VMBS, NIAID, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
Interests: neurobiology of ticks; transcriptomics; neuropeptides, neurotransmitters; tick-borne pathogens; innate immunity; pheromones.

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
UMR BIPAR, INRA, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
Interests: tick neuro-physiology; signal transductions; neuropeptides; neurotransmitters; GPCRs
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ticks have been parasitizing vertebrates for many millions of years, and their strong ability to adapt to the challenges of changing environments encountered during the ages has placed them firmly among the most evolutionarily successful arthropods. Due the rapidly escalating frequency of tick attacks in response to changing climate, these medically important arthropods have attracted a great deal of attention from the world’s scientific community. The main focus of scientific researchers has been trying to understand the different aspects of tick–host–pathogens interactions. The goal of their research has been developing treatments to block tick transmission of disease-causing pathogens. However, from a biological point of view, these researchers are beginning to recognize that ticks are organisms endowed with an incredibly unique physiology and behavior, including capabilities not found in any other blood feeding arthropods. Although tick feeding during the on-host phase of their life cycle is often recognized as the hallmark of their unique biology, the majority of their life cycle is spent in the off-host phase. Both of these phases are characterized by a plethora of unusual physiological features directly reflecting the fluctuating changes of their environment. In this Special Issue of Pathogens, we welcome research articles, reviews, and opinions describing any aspect of tick physiology and behaviors, including but not limited to life cycle, blood feeding, secretion, excretion, metabolism, digestion, development, homeostasis, mating, and host seeking behavior. Research articles utilizing methods related to molecular biology, biochemistry, genomics, imaging, morphology/anatomy, and novel pharmacological tools also are welcome.

Prof. Daniel Sonenshine
Dr. Ladislav Šimo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • physiology
  • behavior
  • signaling, metabolism
  • development
  • homeostasis
  • morphology/anatomy
  • imaging

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2611 KiB  
Article
Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation on Neuropeptide Transcript Levels in the Synganglion of Ixodes ricinus
by Lívia Šofranková, Miroslav Baňas, Natália Pipová, Igor Majláth, Juraj Kurimský, Roman Cimbala, Marek Pavlík, Lourdes Mateos-Hernández, Ladislav Šimo and Viktória Majláthová
Pathogens 2023, 12(12), 1398; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/pathogens12121398 - 28 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1108
Abstract
Anthropogenic electromagnetic radiation is an important environmental factor affecting the functionality of biological systems. Sensitivity to various frequencies of electromagnetic radiation has been detected in ixodid ticks in the past. However, the physiological aspects of radiation effects have not yet been studied in [...] Read more.
Anthropogenic electromagnetic radiation is an important environmental factor affecting the functionality of biological systems. Sensitivity to various frequencies of electromagnetic radiation has been detected in ixodid ticks in the past. However, the physiological aspects of radiation effects have not yet been studied in ticks. In the presented experiment, 360 Ixodes ricinus ticks, 180 males and 180 females, were divided into 16 irradiated and 8 control groups. The irradiated groups were exposed to two different intensities of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 900 MHz at different lengths of exposure time. RT-PCR was utilized to determine the changes in mRNA levels in tick synganglia after irradiation. Four randomly selected neuropeptide genes were tested—allatotropin (at), FGLa-related allatostatins (fgla/ast), kinin, and arginine-vasopressin-like peptide (avpl). A significant decrease in transcript levels in all female groups exposed to higher intensity radiofrequency radiation for 1 to 3 h was found. After one hour of radiofrequency exposure, a significant downregulation in allatotropin expression in males was detected. A consistent downregulation of the at gene was detected in males irradiated with at a higher intensity. Unfortunately, the specific functions of the studied neuropeptides in ticks are not known yet, so a more comprehensive study is necessary to describe the effects of EMF on observed neuropeptides. This study represents the first report on the effects of the abiotic environment on tick neurophysiology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tick Physiology and Behavior)
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18 pages, 3008 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Parameters of the Body Composition Influencing Host Seeking Behavior of Ixodes ricinus Adults
by Joanna Kulisz, Katarzyna Bartosik, Zbigniew Zając, Aneta Woźniak and Szymon Kolasa
Pathogens 2021, 10(6), 706; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/pathogens10060706 - 05 Jun 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2410
Abstract
Ixodes ricinus, a hematophagous arthropod species with great medical importance in the northern hemisphere, is characterized by an ability to survive prolonged periods of starvation, a wide host spectrum, and high vector competence. The aim of the present study was to determine [...] Read more.
Ixodes ricinus, a hematophagous arthropod species with great medical importance in the northern hemisphere, is characterized by an ability to survive prolonged periods of starvation, a wide host spectrum, and high vector competence. The aim of the present study was to determine the quantitative parameters of questing I. ricinus ticks collected in eastern Poland during the spring peak of their activity. The study consisted in the determination of quantitative parameters characterizing I. ricinus females and males, i.e., fresh body mass, reduced body mass, lipid-free body mass, water mass, and lipid mass and calculation of the lipid index. A statistically significant difference was observed between the mean values of the lipid index in females collected during the first and last ten days of May, which indicates the progressive utilization of reserve materials in the activity period. Higher activity of I. ricinus female ticks was observed during the last ten days of May despite the less favorable weather conditions, indicating their strong determination in host-seeking behaviors accompanying a decline in the lipid content and the use of the “now or never” strategy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tick Physiology and Behavior)
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