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Polymers
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Advances of Polymeric Membranes
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Advances of Polymeric Membranes

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Membranes and Films".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2023) | Viewed by 8634

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Shouhai Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Interests: heterocyclic poly(aryl ether)s; high-performance polymer; polymer membrane materials; ion exchange membranes; nanofiltration membranes; ultrafiltration membranes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Membrane technology is often used to support environmental pollution control, energy conservation and emission reduction and to protect people’s livelihood. It is of great significance to alleviate urban water shortage and adjust energy structure and industrial transformation and upgrading. Membrane materials, including metal materials, inorganic materials and polymer materials, play an important role in membrane technology, determining the morphologies and properties of membranes to a certain extent. Because polymer membrane materials have many advantages, such as easy molecular design, good processability, low cost and diversity, they have become the most widely used and studied membrane materials, with use in the petrochemical, light industry, textile, food, medicine, environmental protection and energy fields.

This Special Issue of Polymers is concerned with the synthesis and characterization of polymer membrane materials, fabrication and modification of polymer membranes, membrane structure and applications of polymer membranes. Topics may include polymer membrane materials, ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes, ion exchange membranes, proton exchange membranes, amphoteric membranes, hemodialysis membranes, dehumidification membranes, composite membranes, processes of polymer membranes, membrane fabrication and modification. Full research papers, communications, and review articles are welcome.

Dr. Shouhai Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Polymer membrane materials
  • Ultrafiltration membranes
  • Nanofiltration membranes
  • Ion exchange membranes
  • Proton exchange membranes
  • Amphoteric membranes
  • Hemodialysis membranes
  • Dehumidification membranes
  • Composite membranes
  • Processes of polymer membranes
  • Membrane fabrication/modification

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 6939 KiB  
Article
Interfacial Polymerization on Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane to Prepare Nanofiltration Layers for Dye Separation
by Lulu Liu, Weilin Wu, Xiaogang Jin, Xiong Luo and Lili Wu
Polymers 2023, 15(9), 2018; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym15092018 - 24 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1460
Abstract
Nanofiltration membranes are of great significance to the treatment of dye wastewater. Interfacial polymerization is a widely used method to fabricate nanofiltration membranes. In this study, the interaction of tannic acid-assisted polyethylene polyamine (PEPA) with terephthalaldehyde (TPAL) was performed on PES ultrafiltration membranes [...] Read more.
Nanofiltration membranes are of great significance to the treatment of dye wastewater. Interfacial polymerization is a widely used method to fabricate nanofiltration membranes. In this study, the interaction of tannic acid-assisted polyethylene polyamine (PEPA) with terephthalaldehyde (TPAL) was performed on PES ultrafiltration membranes using novel nitrogen-rich amine monomers and relatively less reactive aldehyde-based monomers. A new nanofiltration membrane ((T-P-T)/PES) was prepared by interfacial polymerization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the elemental composition, bonding state, and surface morphology of the membrane surface. The effects of the PEPA deposition time, TPAL concentration, interfacial reaction time, and curing time on the nanofiltration layer were investigated. The modified membrane, prepared under optimal conditions, showed strong dye separation ability. The permeation of the modified membrane could reach 68.68 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1, and the rejection of various dyes was above 99%. In addition, the (T-P-T)/PES membrane showed good stability during long-term dye separation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Polymeric Membranes)
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15 pages, 4538 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Properties of Sulfonated Poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) Membranes for Electrodialysis
by Cong Deng, Qian Liu, Shouhai Zhang, Zhaoqi Wang, Yuning Chen and Xigao Jian
Polymers 2022, 14(9), 1723; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym14091723 - 23 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1657
Abstract
Sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketones) (SPPEK) with ion exchange capacities from 0.77 to 1.82 mmol·g−1 are synthesized via an electrophilic substitution reaction. Nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared absorption spectroscopy are used to characterize the chemical structure of the obtained polymers for confirming the [...] Read more.
Sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketones) (SPPEK) with ion exchange capacities from 0.77 to 1.82 mmol·g−1 are synthesized via an electrophilic substitution reaction. Nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared absorption spectroscopy are used to characterize the chemical structure of the obtained polymers for confirming the successful introduction of sulfonic groups. SPPEKs show excellent thermal stability; their temperature required to achieve 5% weight loss is about 360 °C. Accordingly, the obtained membranes possess high ion perm-selectivity, proton conductivity, and low area resistance. Regarding the electrodialysis-related performance of the membranes, the SPPEK-4 membrane has the highest limiting current density (39.8 mA·cm2), resulting from its high content of sulfonic groups. In a desalination test of standard solution, SPPEK-3 and SPPEK-4 membranes exhibit both better salt removal rate and acceptable energy consumption than commercial membrane. Additionally, SPPEK-3 membrane shows outstanding performance in terms of high concentration rate and low energy consumption during saline water treatment, which indicates the feasibility of novel membranes in electrodialysis application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Polymeric Membranes)
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14 pages, 5860 KiB  
Article
Robust Adamantane-Based Membranes with Enhanced Conductivity for Vanadium Flow Battery Application
by Bengui Zhang, Xueting Zhang, Qian Liu, Yanshi Fu, Zhirong Yang, Enlei Zhang, Kangjun Wang, Guosheng Wang, Zhigang Zhang and Shouhai Zhang
Polymers 2022, 14(8), 1552; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym14081552 - 11 Apr 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1410
Abstract
Membranes with high conductivity, high selectivity, and high stability are urgently needed for high-power-density vanadium flow batteries (VFBs). Enhancing membrane conductivity presents many challenges, often resulting in sacrificing membrane selectivity and mechanical strength. To overcome this, new robust adamantane-based membranes with enhanced conductivity [...] Read more.
Membranes with high conductivity, high selectivity, and high stability are urgently needed for high-power-density vanadium flow batteries (VFBs). Enhancing membrane conductivity presents many challenges, often resulting in sacrificing membrane selectivity and mechanical strength. To overcome this, new robust adamantane-based membranes with enhanced conductivity are constructed for VFB. Low-content basic piperazine (IEC = 0.78 mmol g−1) and hydrophilic hydroxyl groups are introduced into highly rigid, hydrophobic adamantane containing poly(aryl ether ketone) backbone (PAPEK) and then selectively swelled to induce microphase separation and form ion transport pathways. The highly rigid and hydrophobic PAPEK exhibits high swelling resistance and provides the membranes with slight swelling, high selectivity, and high mechanical strength. The selective swelling temperature has a significant influence on the areal resistance of the resulting membrane, e.g., the PAPEK-130 membrane, when selectively swelled at 130 °C, has low areal resistance (0.22 Ω∙cm2), which is approximately two-fifths that of the PAEKK-60 membrane (treated at 60 °C, 0.57 Ω∙cm2). Consequently, the resulting PAPEK membranes exhibit low swelling, high selectivity, and low areal resistance, with the VFB constructed with a PAPEK-90 membrane exhibiting excellent energy efficiency (91.7%, at 80 mA∙cm−2, and 80.0% at 240 mA∙cm−2) and stable cycling performance for 2000 cycles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Polymeric Membranes)
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9 pages, 2396 KiB  
Communication
Facile Preparation of Loose P84 Copolyimide/GO Composite Membrane with Excellent Selectivity and Solvent Resistance
by Runlin Han, Kui Wu and Lingfeng Xu
Polymers 2022, 14(7), 1353; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym14071353 - 27 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2010
Abstract
In this study, multilayer graphene oxide (GO) was used to prepare the functional layer of polyimide/GO composite membrane with polyimide (P84) used as the supporting layer. Chitosan added in the functional layer was utilized to adjust the selectivity of the composite membrane. The [...] Read more.
In this study, multilayer graphene oxide (GO) was used to prepare the functional layer of polyimide/GO composite membrane with polyimide (P84) used as the supporting layer. Chitosan added in the functional layer was utilized to adjust the selectivity of the composite membrane. The effects of GO and chitosan contents on membrane morphology and separation performance were investigated in detail. The composite membrane showed high rejection to Congo red and Methyl orange with high flux but low rejection to Na2SO4 and MgCl2 at 0.2 MPa and ambient temperature. The membrane exhibited excellent solvent resistance in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) after being crosslinked with 0.5 wt.% triethylene tetramine. The result means that a highly selective and solvent-resistant P84/GO composite membrane was prepared with the facile filtration preparation method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Polymeric Membranes)
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17 pages, 3126 KiB  
Article
Electrospun Fibrous Membrane with Confined Chain Configuration: Dynamic Relaxation and Glass Transition
by Nuozi Zhang, Chenhong Wang, Hao Chen, Jiaen Wu, Charles C. Han and Shanshan Xu
Polymers 2022, 14(5), 939; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym14050939 - 26 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1437
Abstract
Thermodynamic glass transition processes of electrospun membranes were first introduced to study their dynamic relaxation nature, which is not constantly in equilibrium. The relaxation modes of electrospun membranes are slow but measurable near and above the Tg, given the stretched chain over [...] Read more.
Thermodynamic glass transition processes of electrospun membranes were first introduced to study their dynamic relaxation nature, which is not constantly in equilibrium. The relaxation modes of electrospun membranes are slow but measurable near and above the Tg, given the stretched chain over long distances. Based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments and the general principle of mode-coupling theory (MCT), endothermic peak temperature and relaxation enthalpy were used to analyze the relaxation process by capturing these instantaneous “arrested” structures. The short- and long-wavelength relaxation modes could be identified with different annealing times and temperatures relative to DSC-measured Tg for electrospun membranes with different molecular weights. Results clearly showed the dynamic nature of a glass transition in polymeric materials. Tp and enthalpy loss initially increased and then directly decreased with the increase in annealing time. When Ta > Tg, regardless of the size of the molecular weight, the Tp and enthalpy loss of the PLGA fibers would directly decrease, and the curves would shift toward the melted one. Combination of electrospinningand normal DSC instrument can be used to investigating the dynamic relax process through an adequately designed kinetic scanning procedure. This result can be explained by the general principle of MCT-type dynamic theory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Polymeric Membranes)
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