NMR Approaches in Studying Polymer Materials

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Analysis and Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (22 August 2022) | Viewed by 4228

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
Interests: 1D and 2D NMR; MRI; polymers & natural biopolymers; biomaterials; drug delivery systems; colloidal and macromolecular systems; structure and properties; modelling; water in porous materials; new NMR methodologies for studying relaxation and diffusion in complex mixtures and materials; NMR-processing; 2D NMR diffusion; preclinical cardiac MRI and imaging brain

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Guest Editor
Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Interests: NMR imaging and relaxometry of transport and reaction processes in thin polymer films; interactions between solids and water; mass transport in porous media and materials; hydration-dehydration reactions in solids; improving the power and stability of thermo-chemical materials (TCM) based on salt hydrates

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Guest Editor
Department of Physics, Volga State University of Technology, 424000 Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
Interests: NMR in polymers; NMR instrumentation; time-domain NMR automation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The application of various NMR techniques to the study of important polymers and biological polymers has led to a more complete understanding of the mechanisms of interaction of macromolecules and biomacromolecules with other molecules and liquids.  Various 1D and 2D NMR relaxation and PFG NMR approaches have proven themselves as prospective application techniques for the study of liquid motion in synthetic and natural materials. When NMR methods are applied, information about organized structures and their stability could be discovered, especially in relation to external and environmental factors. In this way, many changes in the rearrangement of macromolecular conformations in the fabrication of biopolymers and copolymers can be clarified.

Many technologically important polymeric materials are presented as solids. Among the analytical techniques that are sensitive to the local environment, ssNMR-based approaches are applied to probe chemical structure, geometric structure, and molecular dynamics in solid materials. The information is derived from the NMR parameters measured during experiments on polymers or complex solids. Multinuclear NMR can be used to address questions about complex materials. The combination of ssNMR measurements with calculational approaches results in detailed information about structure and functional effectiveness of materials. The study of porous polymers, and the interaction of polymer materials with liquids within specific NMR approaches, provides a means of clarifying the questions of identity and activity.

Polymers are frequently used as barrier coatings in the technology of many materials to prevent the degradation of porous substrates. Mostly, polymer barrier coatings regulate the transport of water. The issue of water–polymer interaction has been studied by NMR at many technological stages of material production.  The penetration of water into polymer films and molecular diffusion inside is receiving increasing attention in material research on both wetting and drying processes with the aid of NMR approaches. NMR techniques present the possibility of identifying different environments in the swollen polymers. The roles of polymer matrix, surface water, and bound water inside the porous materials could be determined.

This Special Issue of Polymers seeks works on NMR technique investigations in polymeric materials for the various stages of material creation and application, providing an in-depth exploration of the steps required in the development of new processes of polymer production. The topics of the Special Issue include, but are not limited to, polymeric materials, biopolymers, films, hydrogels used for technological and biological destination, in materials based on copolymers and long-action preparations. The main techniques are NMR-based, but papers considering other experimental approaches in combination with NMR are welcome too. The aim of this issue is to effectively demonstrate the current state of the studies in NMR applications to the various polymer and biopolymer materials.

Dr. Victor V. Rodin
Dr. Henk Huinink
Dr. Leonid Grunin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • solid-state NMR
  • NMR relaxation
  • NMR spectroscopy
  • PFG NMR
  • LF-NMR
  • MQF NMR
  • water–polymer interactions
  • 1D and 2D NMR
  • polymer materials
  • structure and properties
  • biopolymers
  • films
  • polymer complexes and copolymers
  • natural polymers
  • simulations
  • adsorption
  • surface phenomena

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 2830 KiB  
Article
Changes in Natural Silk Fibres by Hydration, Tensile Loading and Heating as Studied by 1H NMR: Anisotropy in NMR Relaxation Times
by Victor V. Rodin and Peter S. Belton
Polymers 2022, 14(17), 3665; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym14173665 - 03 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1217
Abstract
B. mori silkworm natural silk is a fibrous biopolymer with a block copolymer design containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. Using 1H NMR relaxation, this work studied B. mori natural silk fibres oriented at 0° and 90° to the static magnetic field [...] Read more.
B. mori silkworm natural silk is a fibrous biopolymer with a block copolymer design containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions. Using 1H NMR relaxation, this work studied B. mori natural silk fibres oriented at 0° and 90° to the static magnetic field B0 to clarify how measured NMR parameters reflect the structure and anisotropic properties of hydrated silk fibres. The FTIR method was applied to monitor the changes in the silk I and β-sheet conformations. Unloaded B. mori silk fibres at different hydration levels (HL), the silk threads before and after tensile loading in water, and fibres after a stepped increase in temperature have been explored. NMR data discovered two components in T1 and T2 relaxations for both orientations of silk fibres (0° and 90°). For the slower T2 component, the results showed an obvious anisotropic effect with higher relaxation times for the silk fibres oriented at 90° to B0. The T1 component (water protons, HL = 0.11) was sequentially decreased over a range of fibres: 0° oriented, randomly oriented, silk B. mori cocoon, 90° oriented. The degree of anisotropy in T2 relaxation was decreasing with increasing HL. The T2 in silk threads oriented at 0° and 90° also showed anisotropy in increased HL (to 0.42 g H2O/g dry matter), at tensile loading, and at an increasing temperature towards 320 K. The changes in NMR parameters and different relaxation mechanisms affecting water molecular interactions and silk properties have been discussed. The findings provide new insights relating to the water anisotropy in hydrated Bombyx mori silk fibres at tensile loading and under a changing HL and temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue NMR Approaches in Studying Polymer Materials)
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32 pages, 10208 KiB  
Article
NMR Profiling of Reaction and Transport in Thin Layers: A Review
by Ruben Nicasy, Henk Huinink, Bart Erich and Adan Olaf
Polymers 2022, 14(4), 798; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym14040798 - 18 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2156
Abstract
Reaction and transport processes in thin layers of between 10 and 1000 µm are important factors in determining their performance, stability and degradation. In this review, we discuss the potential of high-gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) as a tool to study both reactions [...] Read more.
Reaction and transport processes in thin layers of between 10 and 1000 µm are important factors in determining their performance, stability and degradation. In this review, we discuss the potential of high-gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) as a tool to study both reactions and transport in these layers spatially and temporally resolved. As the NMR resolution depends on gradient strength, the high spatial resolution required in submillimeter layers can only be achieved with specially designed high-gradient setups. Three different high-gradient setups exist: STRAFI (STRay FIeld), GARField (Gradient-At-Right-angles-to-Field) and MOUSE (MObile Universal Surface Explorer). The aim of this review is to provide a detailed overview of the three techniques and their ability to visualize reactions and transport processes using physical observable properties such as hydrogen density, diffusion, T1- and T2-relaxation. Finally, different examples from literature will be presented to illustrate the wide variety of applications that can be studied and the corresponding value of the techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue NMR Approaches in Studying Polymer Materials)
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