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Polymers
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Functional Chitosan-Based Materials
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Functional Chitosan-Based Materials

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomacromolecules, Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 16417

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hélène de Baynast

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Interests: biosourced materials; biopolymers; adhesive; mechanical properties

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of biosourced materials is currently growing strong due to the evolution of legislation, environmental politics, and above all society’s demand. In this context, the industry needs to find new sources of natural, sustainable, and biodegradable polymers to substitute petrosourced ones. In this field, polysaccharides have great potential for applications such as active and intelligent packaging, smart textiles and biomedical devices, environmental remediation, and more. Chitosan, a N-deacetylated derivative of chitin, is a unique highly basic polysaccharide obtained after deacetylation of chitin found in crustacean shells and fungal mycelia. It is a highly renewable, biodegradable, environmentally friendly, and non-toxic polymer. This biopolymer, which is abundant in nature (the second one after cellulose), is exploited in industry in various fields: medical and pharmaceutical applications, food industry, water engineering, films and coatings, or construction fields. Indeed, chitosan has been successfully used as a scaffold for biomedical applications and also for water treatment. Chitosan-based porous materials have been also used for immobilization of enzymes and design of microreactors. Topochemical engineering of chitosan now allows the design of highly controllable 3D architectures with tailored surface. Its characteristics are often enhanced by functionalization of its chemical structure until it obtains properties equivalent to those of synthetic products.

Considering your significant contribution in this hot research topic, we would like to cordially invite you to submit a research article or a comprehensive review to this Special Issue.

Dr. Hélène de Baynast
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chitosan
  • functionalization
  • material
  • film
  • hydrogel
  • scaffold
  • composite
  • adhesive

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 3629 KiB  
Article
Synergistic Effect of Glycyrrhizic Acid and ZnO/Palygorskite on Improving Chitosan-Based Films and Their Potential Application in Wound Healing
by Qian Zhang, Hong Zhang, Aiping Hui, Junjie Ding, Xinyue Liu and Aiqin Wang
Polymers 2021, 13(22), 3878; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym13223878 - 10 Nov 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2175
Abstract
The synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and ZnO/palygorskite (ZnO/PAL) as potential wound dressing was evaluated in the form of films by the solution casting method. The nanocomposite films were well-characterized with ATR-FTIR, XRD and SEM to explore the interactions between [...] Read more.
The synergistic effect of chitosan (CS), glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and ZnO/palygorskite (ZnO/PAL) as potential wound dressing was evaluated in the form of films by the solution casting method. The nanocomposite films were well-characterized with ATR-FTIR, XRD and SEM to explore the interactions between CS, GA and ZnO/PAL. Physical, mechanical and antibacterial properties of the nanocomposite films were systematically investigated for their reliability in end-up utilization. Importantly, it was found that the presence of PAL in the films provided enhanced mechanical properties, whereas CS, GA and ZnO supplied a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, especially for drug-resistant bacteria such as ESBL—E. coli and MRSA. Overall, this research demonstrated that the prepared films can be a promising candidate for wound-care materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Chitosan-Based Materials)
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12 pages, 766 KiB  
Article
A Study of Compressibility, Compactability and Mucoadhesivity of Tableting Materials for Matrix Systems Based on Chitosan
by Jitka Muzikova, Eva Snejdrova, Juraj Martiska, Bara Doubkova and Andrea Veris
Polymers 2021, 13(21), 3636; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym13213636 - 21 Oct 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1710
Abstract
The objective of the present research is to evaluate directly compressible chitosan-based tableting materials for the formulation of mucoadhesive matrix tablets intended for targeted drug release to distal segments of the GIT. The influence of sodium alginate, hypromellose, and silicified microcrystalline cellulose (P90) [...] Read more.
The objective of the present research is to evaluate directly compressible chitosan-based tableting materials for the formulation of mucoadhesive matrix tablets intended for targeted drug release to distal segments of the GIT. The influence of sodium alginate, hypromellose, and silicified microcrystalline cellulose (P90) on compressibility, compactability and lubricant sensitivity ratio was tested. Furthermore, the rheological properties of the hydrated surface layer of the matrix tablets and the mucoadhesion to a mucin substrate were analysed. Compressibility was evaluated using the energy profile of the compression process, compactability by means of the tensile strength of tablets, and lubricant sensitivity ratio was calculated to assess the sensitivity to lubricant. Addition of P90 to chitosan improved compressibility, which is demonstrated by the increase in the energy of plastic deformation and the higher tensile strength of tablets. P90 also significantly reduced the high lubricant sensitivity of chitosan. Presence of retarding components led to a decrease in Emax. All tested matrix tablets revealed a good mucoadhesion without a negative effect of P90 content. The viscosity of a gel layer on the surface of matrix tablets containing hypromellose was higher compared to those with sodium alginate. This was not reflected in the adhesive strength of the tablets. The formulated tableting materials combining chitosan and P90 are a suitable matrix for incorporation of an active ingredient, whose delayed release in the intestine can be achieved by the functionality of the chitosan-sodium alginate complex. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Chitosan-Based Materials)
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16 pages, 17198 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Biopolymer Chitosan on the Rheology and Stability of Na-Bentonite Drilling Mud
by Basim Abu-Jdayil, Mamdouh Ghannam, Karam Alsayyed Ahmed and Mohamed Djama
Polymers 2021, 13(19), 3361; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym13193361 - 30 Sep 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2734
Abstract
The utilization of greens resources is a grand challenge for this century. A lot of efforts are paid to substitute toxic ingredients of the conventional drilling mud system with nontoxic natural materials. In this paper, the effect of the natural polymer chitosan on [...] Read more.
The utilization of greens resources is a grand challenge for this century. A lot of efforts are paid to substitute toxic ingredients of the conventional drilling mud system with nontoxic natural materials. In this paper, the effect of the natural polymer chitosan on the rheology and stability of sodium-bentonite drilling mud was investigated in the polymer concentration range of 0.1–3.0 wt.%. Both the shear and time dependent rheological properties of pure chitosan, pure bentonite and bentonite–chitosan dispersions were studied. Moreover, zeta potential measurements were used to evaluate the stability of bentonite-chitosan suspension. Adding chitosan improved the natural properties of drilling mud, namely: yield stress, shear thinning, and thixotropy. The viscosity of bentonite suspension increased significantly upon the addition of chitosan in the concentration range of 0.5 to 3.0 wt.% forming network structure, which can be attributed to the interactions of hydrogen bonding between -OH clusters on the bentonite surface with the NH group in the chitosan structure. On the other hand, dispersed chitosan–bentonite suspension was observed at low chitosan concentration (less than 0.5 wt.%). Increasing both bentonite and chitosan concentrations led to the flocculation of the bentonite suspension, forming a continuous gel structure that was characterized by noteworthy yield stress. The desired drilling mud rheological behavior can be obtained with less bentonite by adding chitosan polymer and the undesirable effects of high solid clay concentration can be avoided. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Chitosan-Based Materials)
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22 pages, 3779 KiB  
Article
Microencapsulation of Erlotinib and Nanomagnetite Supported in Chitosan as Potential Oncologic Carrier
by Galo Cárdenas-Triviño, Sebastián Monsalve-Rozas and Luis Vergara-González
Polymers 2021, 13(8), 1244; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym13081244 - 12 Apr 2021
Viewed by 1701
Abstract
Microcapsules (MC) based on chitosan (CH) and including nano-magnetite and erlotinib were synthesized. The microparticles were characterized by SEM, FT-IR and TGA. The percentage of encapsulation was determined, as well as its microbiological activity. Finally, the effectiveness of the formulation was evaluated in [...] Read more.
Microcapsules (MC) based on chitosan (CH) and including nano-magnetite and erlotinib were synthesized. The microparticles were characterized by SEM, FT-IR and TGA. The percentage of encapsulation was determined, as well as its microbiological activity. Finally, the effectiveness of the formulation was evaluated in terms of cell viability and/or toxicity when compared with the reference drug. The formulation used to prepare the microcapsules showed some bacteriostatic properties. The characterization of microcapsules exhibited amorphous spherical shape and average size of 1.29, 1.58 and 1.62 mm for chitosan, chitosan + nanomagnetite and chitosan + nanomagnetite + erlotinib, respectively. The infrared spectra showed characteristic bands of the erlotinib and magnetite, confirming its internalization. The thermogravimetric analyzes indicated that the materials do not undergo changes at optimum working temperatures. The HPLC analysis showed a 52% of encapsulation. Finally, the formulation probed had lower effectiveness and less cytotoxicity, than the drug without encapsulating “in vitro” studies. For that reason several assays are in progress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Chitosan-Based Materials)
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14 pages, 1062 KiB  
Article
Effect of Chitosan Coating Incorporated with Artemisia fragrans Essential Oil on Fresh Chicken Meat during Refrigerated Storage
by Milad Yaghoubi, Ali Ayaseh, Kazem Alirezalu, Zabihollah Nemati, Mirian Pateiro and José M. Lorenzo
Polymers 2021, 13(5), 716; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym13050716 - 26 Feb 2021
Cited by 41 | Viewed by 3296
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the impact of chitosan coating (1%) containing Artemisia fragrans essential oil (500, 1000, and 1500 ppm) as antioxidant and antimicrobial agent on the quality properties and shelf life of chicken fillets during refrigerated storage. After packaging [...] Read more.
The present study was conducted to assess the impact of chitosan coating (1%) containing Artemisia fragrans essential oil (500, 1000, and 1500 ppm) as antioxidant and antimicrobial agent on the quality properties and shelf life of chicken fillets during refrigerated storage. After packaging meat samples, physicochemical, microbiological, and organoleptic attributes were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days at 4 °C. The results revealed that applied chitosan (CH) coating in combination with Artemisia fragrans essential oils (AFEOs) had no significant (p < 0.05) effects on proximate composition among treatments. The results showed that the incorporation of AFEOs into CH coating significantly reduced (p < 0.05) pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N), especially for 1% CH coating + 1500 ppm AFEOs, with values at the end of storage of 5.58, 1.61, and 2.53, respectively. The coated samples also displayed higher phenolic compounds than those obtained by uncoated samples. Coated chicken meat had, significantly (p < 0.05), the highest inhibitory effects against microbial growth. The counts of TVC (total viable counts), coliforms, molds, and yeasts were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in 1% CH coating + 1500 ppm AFEOs fillets (5.32, 3.87, and 4.27 Log CFU/g, respectively) at day 12. Organoleptic attributes of coated samples also showed the highest overall acceptability scores than uncoated ones. Therefore, the incorporation of AFEOs into CH coating could be effectively used for improving stability and shelf life of chicken fillets during refrigerated storage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Chitosan-Based Materials)
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Review

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18 pages, 2218 KiB  
Review
Optimization of Chitosan Properties with the Aim of a Water Resistant Adhesive Development
by Jeanne Silvestre, Cédric Delattre, Philippe Michaud and Hélène de Baynast
Polymers 2021, 13(22), 4031; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym13224031 - 21 Nov 2021
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3785
Abstract
Chitosan is a bio-sourced polysaccharide widely used in different fields from health to wastewater treatment through food supplements. Another important use of this polymer is adhesion. Indeed, the current demand to replace non-natural and hazardous polymers by greener ones is well present in [...] Read more.
Chitosan is a bio-sourced polysaccharide widely used in different fields from health to wastewater treatment through food supplements. Another important use of this polymer is adhesion. Indeed, the current demand to replace non-natural and hazardous polymers by greener ones is well present in the adhesive field and open good opportunities for chitosan and its derivatives. However, chitosan is water soluble and exhibits a poor water-resistance in the field of adhesion which reduces the possibilities of its utilization within the paste field. This review focuses on exploration of different ways available to modify the chitosan and transform it into a water-resistant adhesive. The first part concerns the chitosan itself and gives important information from the discovery of chitin to the pure chitosan ready to use. The second part reviews the background information relative to adhesion theories, ideal properties of adhesives and the characteristics of chitosan as an adhesive. The last part focuses on exploration of the possible modification of chitosan to make it a water-resistant chemical adhesive. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Chitosan-Based Materials)
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