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Polymers
Special Issues
Radiation Effects in Polymers
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Radiation Effects in Polymers

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2018)

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Mohamad Al-Sheikhly

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory for Radiation and Polymer Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, A. J. Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2115, USA
Interests: polymers; biomaterials; radiation engineering; nuclear engineering; environmental effects
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is indeed my pleasure to announce the plan for publication a Special Issue on “Radiation Effects in Polymers”. The ionizing radiation effects and radiation-induced synthesis of polymers are very dynamic disciplines. Thus, this Special Issue will present up-to-date and pioneering works on the interactions of various high-energy charged particles, such as electrons, positrons, alpha particles, proton, heavy ions, neutron, and high-energy photons (gamma and x-rays) with synthetic and biopolymers. In addition, this issue will also cover new and innovative works on radiation-induced synthesis of various types of polymers and composites for advanced technology for various nano structures applications. This issue will feature papers on the development of new mechanisms, theories, and approaches to elucidate the complex radiation chemistry mechanisms of radiation-induced polymerization and the radiation chemistry mechanism on crosslinking and scission of polymers. In addition, these papers will also focus on the fast kinetic formation of the anions, cations, and free radicals from irradiated monomers, and their kinetics and mechanisms of triggering the initiation, propagation and termination reactions.

Whereas the mechanisms of radiation chemistry of polymers, induced by light charge particles, such as electrons and high-energy photons, are fairly understood as is evidenced by the large body of literature, radiation chemistry of polymers induced by heavy charged particles and ions is still poorly understood and needs further investigation. Hence, this issue will also cover the ongoing and rapid advancements of polymer radiation chemistry of heavy charged particles and ions-induced synthesis of nano-structures, ion-track technology, polymer membranes, electrochemical deposition, thermo-electrics, and size-dependent properties of nano-structures.

This issue will also include papers on graft radiation co-polymerization. Over the last decade, radiation graft polymerization has been extensively used in the synthesis of membranes and other nanostructures for advanced technology. Specifically, ionizing radiation has been used as a power tool for surface and bulk grafting.  Understanding direct and indirect mechanisms of graft radiation copolymerization enhances our efforts to synthesize more complicated and more-desired complex materials.

Finally, since the radiation chemistry of biopolymers, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, constitutes the basic science, on the molecular level, the discipline of radiation oncology, this Special Issue will cover the radiation of these biopolymers irradiated using low energy transfer (LET), such as electrons and gamma and x-rays, and high LET, such as proton and carbon ions. The papers in this issue will also cover the direct and indirect effects of ionizing radiation effects on these biopolymers.

Prof. Dr. Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cationic, ionic, and free radical-polymerization
  • Polymer crosslinking and degradation
  • Ionizing radiation
  • Low LET and high-LET effects on polymers
  • Pulse radiolysis
  • Biopolymers
  • Graft copolymerization

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 3526 KiB  
Article
Influence of Electron Beam Irradiation on Electrical Insulating Properties of PLA with Soft Resin Added †
by Katsuyoshi Shinyama
Polymers 2018, 10(8), 898; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym10080898 - 10 Aug 2018
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3103
Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA), a bioplastic, is a hard resin, and requires softening in order to be used in electric wire sheaths. A soft resin was added to PLA in order to soften it, but this caused the electric breakdown strength (EB [...] Read more.
Polylactic acid (PLA), a bioplastic, is a hard resin, and requires softening in order to be used in electric wire sheaths. A soft resin was added to PLA in order to soften it, but this caused the electric breakdown strength (EB) to decrease. In this study, PLA with soft resin added was irradiated with an electron beam and the influence of the electron beam irradiation on EB was examined. The irradiation dose was set at 100 kGy. At 25 °C, the EB of PLA with no soft resin added decreased due to the irradiation. On the other hand, the EB of PLA with soft resin added showed almost no change due to the irradiation. At 80 °C, the EB of PLA with no soft resin added decreased due to the irradiation, as was the case at 25 °C. On the other hand, the EB of PLA with soft resin added increased due to the irradiation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiation Effects in Polymers)
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14 pages, 2818 KiB  
Article
Nitrogen-Containing Fabric Adsorbents Prepared by Radiation Grafting for Removal of Chromium from Wastewater
by Natsuki Hayashi, Jinhua Chen and Noriaki Seko
Polymers 2018, 10(7), 744; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym10070744 - 05 Jul 2018
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 3239
Abstract
To remove chromium from wastewater effectively, two types of nitrogen-containing fabric adsorbents, having amidoxime ligand groups and quaternary ammonium anion exchange groups, respectively, were prepared by radiation grafting. In brief, the amidoxime adsorbent is obtained by grafting of acrylonitrile (AN)/methacrylic acid (MAA) onto [...] Read more.
To remove chromium from wastewater effectively, two types of nitrogen-containing fabric adsorbents, having amidoxime ligand groups and quaternary ammonium anion exchange groups, respectively, were prepared by radiation grafting. In brief, the amidoxime adsorbent is obtained by grafting of acrylonitrile (AN)/methacrylic acid (MAA) onto a nonwoven fabric and subsequent amidoximation with hydroxylamine, while the ammonium adsorbent is obtained by grafting of chloromethylstyrene (CMS) followed by quaternization with trimethylamine. The AN/MAA-grafting reaches a high degree of grafting more than 100%, and the resulting amidoxime adsorbent reaches a high amidoxime density of 4.53 mmol/g. On the other hand, the CMS-grafting reaches a much higher degree of grafting above 200%, and the resulting ammonium adsorbent reaches a high ammonium density of 3.51 mmol/g. FTIR/ATR and TGA/DTA are used for the characterization of the grafted fabrics as well as the relevant fabric adsorbents. Furthermore, the chromium removal of the prepared fabric adsorbent is tested in both batch and column modes. It has been confirmed that the chromium removal was largely dependent on the pH of the solution. At pH 5.0, the amidoxime adsorbent shows a high Cr(III) adsorption capacity of 31.68 mg/g, while the ammonium adsorbent shows a much higher Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of 130.65 mg/g. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiation Effects in Polymers)
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21 pages, 6038 KiB  
Article
On the Mechanisms of the Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Diblock and Random Copolymers of Poly(Lactic Acid) and Poly(Trimethylene Carbonate)
by Agnieszka Adamus-Wlodarczyk, Radoslaw A. Wach, Piotr Ulanski, Janusz M. Rosiak, Marta Socka, Zois Tsinas and Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
Polymers 2018, 10(6), 672; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/polym10060672 - 16 Jun 2018
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4930
Abstract
This article demonstrates that ionizing radiation induces simultaneous crosslinking and scission in poly(trimethylene carbonate-co-d-lactide) diblock and random copolymers. Copolymer films were electron-beam (EB) irradiated up to 300 kGy under anaerobic conditions and subsequently examined by evaluation of their structure [...] Read more.
This article demonstrates that ionizing radiation induces simultaneous crosslinking and scission in poly(trimethylene carbonate-co-d-lactide) diblock and random copolymers. Copolymer films were electron-beam (EB) irradiated up to 300 kGy under anaerobic conditions and subsequently examined by evaluation of their structure (FT-IR, NMR), molecular weight, intrinsic viscosities, and thermal properties. Radiation chemistry of the copolymers is strongly influenced by the content of ester linkages of the lactide component. At low lactide content, crosslinking reaction is the dominant one; however, as the lactide ratio increases, the ester linkages scission becomes more competent and exceeds the crosslinking. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements indicate that higher content of amorphous carbonate units in copolymers leads to a reduction in free radical yield and faster radical decay as compared to lactide-rich compositions. The domination of scission of ester bonds was confirmed by identifying the radiolytically produced alkoxyl and acetyl radicals, the latter being more stable due to its conjugated structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiation Effects in Polymers)
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