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Processes
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Numerical Simulation in Biomass Pyrolysis Processes
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Numerical Simulation in Biomass Pyrolysis Processes

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental and Green Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2023) | Viewed by 6190

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Antonio Galgano

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
Interests: biomass; thermochemical conversion processes; transport phenomena; computational modeling; biorefinery; response to fire of polymers and composite materials
Dr. Carmen Branca

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l'Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili (STEMS), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), P.le V. Tecchio, 80125 Napoli, Italy
Interests: pyrolysis, gasification and combustion of biomass; flammability of synthetic and natural polymers, and composite materials; kinetic modelling of biomass pyrolysis and combustion; composition, properties and reactivity of pyrolysis products (bio-oil and biochar); biomass torrefaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomass pyrolysis is a thermochemical conversion route consisting of solid thermal degradation in the absence of oxidizing agents, resulting in the production of a huge number of chemical compounds, usually lumped into three groups for engineering applications: permanent gases, bio-oil/tar, and char. A proper selection of the reactor configurations and operating conditions allows maximizing the yields of the desired product. Biomass pyrolysis in practical systems is the result of a strong interaction between chemical and physical processes at the levels of both the single particle and the reaction environment. Mathematical modeling and related numerical simulations represent powerful tools that facilitate the understanding of the complex multiphase processes occurring both in the single particle and in practical reactors, including the prediction of reactor performances, the understanding of pollutant evolution, the analysis of process transients, and the examination of strategies for effective control.

This Special Issue on “Numerical Simulations in Biomass Pyrolysis Processes ” aims at providing the latest significant advances in the computational modeling of biomass pyrolysis processes. Topics include but are not limited to:

  • Mathematical modeling of single-particle dynamics to improve the understanding of pyrolysis fundamentals;
  • Development of simplified single particle models for reactor-scale applications;
  • Mathematical modeling and numerical simulations (through proprietary codes or commercial CFD tools) of practical pyrolysis systems where single particles strongly interact with a reacting gaseous or multiphase environment.

Dr. Antonio Galgano
Dr. Carmen Branca
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All papers will be peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomass
  • pyrolysis
  • mathematical modeling
  • numerical simulations
  • CFD

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2485 KiB  
Article
Numerical Research on Biomass Gasification in a Quadruple Fluidized Bed Gasifier
by Linbo Yan, Ziyue Jia, Ziliang Wang, Boshu He and Baizeng Fang
Processes 2022, 10(12), 2526; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/pr10122526 - 28 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1194
Abstract
Utilization of bioenergy with carbon capture can realize carbon-negative syngas production. The quadruple fluidized bed gasifier (QFBG) integrates a chemical looping oxygen generation process and a dual fluidized bed gasifier with limestone as bed material. It is one promising device that can convert [...] Read more.
Utilization of bioenergy with carbon capture can realize carbon-negative syngas production. The quadruple fluidized bed gasifier (QFBG) integrates a chemical looping oxygen generation process and a dual fluidized bed gasifier with limestone as bed material. It is one promising device that can convert biomass to H2-rich syngas whilst capturing CO2 with little energy penalty. However, experimental or numerical simulation of QFBG is rarely reported on due to its complex structure, hindering the further commercialization and deployment of QFBG. In this work, a new computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver is proposed to predict the complex physicochemical processes in QFBG based on the multi-phase particle in cell (MPPIC) methodology with the assistance of the open source software, OpenFOAM. The solver is first validated against experimental data in terms of hydrodynamics and reaction kinetics. Then, the solver is used to investigate the QFBG property. It is found that the QFBG can operate stably. The cold gas efficiency, H2 molar fraction, and CO2 capture rate of the QFBG are predicted to be 87.2%, 93.3%, and 90.5%, respectively, which is promising. It is believed that the solver can give reliable predictions for similar fluidized bed reactors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomass Pyrolysis Processes)
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20 pages, 34090 KiB  
Article
Mathematical Simulation of Forest Fuel Pyrolysis in One-Dimensional Statement Taking into Account Soot Formation
by Nikolay Baranovskiy and Viktoriya Kirienko
Processes 2021, 9(9), 1616; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/pr9091616 - 08 Sep 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1596
Abstract
Pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) is considered as the most important stage of a forest fire before direct forest fuel ignition. This process is accompanied by soot particle formation. Such particles have a negative impact on public health in the vicinity of forest fires. The [...] Read more.
Pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) is considered as the most important stage of a forest fire before direct forest fuel ignition. This process is accompanied by soot particle formation. Such particles have a negative impact on public health in the vicinity of forest fires. The purpose of this article was to investigate the heat and mass transfer process occurring in a typical forest fuel element (birch leaf). The pyrolysis and soot formation processes were taken into account, and various forest fire scenarios were considered. Computational experiments were carried out using the high-level programming language Delphi. Heat and mass transfer processes were described by nonlinear non-stationary differential heat conduction equations with corresponding initial and boundary conditions. The differential equations were solved by the finite difference method. Nonlinearity was resolved using a simple iteration. The main results of the research were (1) physical and mathematical models proposed for modeling forest fuel pyrolysis, taking into account soot formation and conditions corresponding to various forest fires; (2) a computer program coded in the high-level programming language Delphi; (3) the obtained temperature distributions over leaf thickness; (4) volume fractions obtained for various components dependent on time and space coordinates. The qualitative analysis of the dependencies showed that the temperature distributions in the birch leaf structure are similar for all forest fire types and differ only in absolute value. The intensity of the soot formation process directly depends on the forest fire type. The presented results should be useful in predicting and assessing forest fire danger, including near the facilities of the Russian Railways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomass Pyrolysis Processes)
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Review

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16 pages, 1265 KiB  
Review
Tools for Optimization of Biomass-to-Energy Conversion Processes
by Ranielly M. Batista, Attilio Converti, Juliano Pappalardo, Mohand Benachour and Leonie A. Sarubbo
Processes 2023, 11(3), 854; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/pr11030854 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2579
Abstract
Biomasses are renewable sources used in energy conversion processes to obtain diverse products through different technologies. The production chain, which involves delivery, logistics, pre-treatment, storage and conversion as general components, can be costly and uncertain due to inherent variability. Optimization methods are widely [...] Read more.
Biomasses are renewable sources used in energy conversion processes to obtain diverse products through different technologies. The production chain, which involves delivery, logistics, pre-treatment, storage and conversion as general components, can be costly and uncertain due to inherent variability. Optimization methods are widely applied for modeling the biomass supply chain (BSC) for energy processes. In this qualitative review, the main aspects and global trends of using geographic information systems (GISs), linear programming (LP) and neural networks to optimize the BSC are presented. Modeling objectives and factors considered in studies published in the last 25 years are reviewed, enabling a broad overview of the BSC to support decisions at strategic, tactical and operational levels. Combined techniques have been used for different purposes: GISs for spatial analyses of biomass; neural networks for higher heating value (HHV) correlations; and linear programming and its variations for achieving objectives in general, such as costs and emissions reduction. This study reinforces the progress evidenced in the literature and envisions the increasing inclusion of socio-environmental criteria as a challenge in future modeling efforts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomass Pyrolysis Processes)
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