Science Information, Media Misinformation, and Public Trust

A special issue of Publications (ISSN 2304-6775).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2022) | Viewed by 8920

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (ret.), Louisiana State University School of Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
2. President, MediCC!, LLC, Medical Communications Consultants Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA
Interests: scientific retraction; research misconduct; medical misinformation; retraction as a proxy for misconduct; neuroepistemology; cognitive biases associated with misinformation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The media—including the internet, television, newspapers, and radio—translate science for the public, many of whom are science-curious but perhaps not equipped to understand reports published in the refereed scientific literature. Rampant misinformation fills the public dialogue, especially about COVID-19, suggesting that the media have not done a good job at translating science, for at least a subset of the population.

Uncertainty is always present in new scientific findings, so errors of fact and interpretation can arise in many ways. Therefore, a distinction must be made between mistakes and misinformation. Errors earnestly and inadvertently made by scientists are mistakes; this category can include retractable inaccuracies, which may not be inadvertent but are rare. Errors willfully or ignorantly made by journalists, in contradiction to the published science, are misinformation.

The journal Publications is concerned with public access to and engagement with scientific research, so it is within the purview of this journal to characterize the relationship between science information and media misinformation, and how this relationship erodes public trust in science. The overall hypothesis to be examined is: Public distrust of science arises from the contradictory presentation of science by the media, rather than from the public’s objective assessment of the science itself. Several corollaries of this main hypothesis exist, any of one of which would be appropriate for evaluation:

  • Media sources fail to convey the uncertainty that surrounds every new finding;
  • Media sources amplify certitude when they report a new finding;
  • Media sources seldom put a new report into the context of current science.

Prof. Dr. R. Grant Steen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • scientific misinformation
  • media misinformation
  • media presentation of science
  • antivaccination movement
  • science denial
  • climate denial

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 1936 KiB  
Review
What the Neuroscience and Psychology of Magic Reveal about Misinformation
by Robert G. Alexander, Stephen L. Macknik and Susana Martinez-Conde
Publications 2022, 10(4), 33; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/publications10040033 - 23 Sep 2022
Viewed by 7927
Abstract
When we believe misinformation, we have succumbed to an illusion: our perception or interpretation of the world does not match reality. We often trust misinformation for reasons that are unrelated to an objective, critical interpretation of the available data: Key facts go unnoticed [...] Read more.
When we believe misinformation, we have succumbed to an illusion: our perception or interpretation of the world does not match reality. We often trust misinformation for reasons that are unrelated to an objective, critical interpretation of the available data: Key facts go unnoticed or unreported. Overwhelming information prevents the formulation of alternative explanations. Statements become more believable every time they are repeated. Events are reframed or given “spin” to mislead audiences. In magic shows, illusionists apply similar techniques to convince spectators that false and even seemingly impossible events have happened. Yet, many magicians are “honest liars”, asking audiences to suspend their disbelief only during the performance, for the sole purpose of entertainment. Magic misdirection has been studied in the lab for over a century. Psychological research has sought to understand magic from a scientific perspective and to apply the tools of magic to the understanding of cognitive and perceptual processes. More recently, neuroscientific investigations have also explored the relationship between magic illusions and their underlying brain mechanisms. We propose that the insights gained from such studies can be applied to understanding the prevalence and success of misinformation. Here, we review some of the common factors in how people experience magic during a performance and are subject to misinformation in their daily lives. Considering these factors will be important in reducing misinformation and encouraging critical thinking in society. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Science Information, Media Misinformation, and Public Trust)
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