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Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation
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Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation

A special issue of Religions (ISSN 2077-1444). This special issue belongs to the section "Religions and Theologies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 March 2022) | Viewed by 8620

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Stig R. Frøyshov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Theology, University of Oslo, Oslo NO-0315, Norway
Interests: eastern christian liturgy; liturgy of jerusalem; byzantine liturgical history; palestino-byzantine horologion; greek hymnography

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is devoted to the process of liturgical byzantinisation, which was the spread of liturgical traditions of Constantinople to other areas of the Byzantine world. After the loss of Eastern regions of the Empire, Constantinople increasingly stood forth as the primary ecclesiastical—and liturgical—centre of the East Roman or Byzantine Empire. Liturgical byzantinisation started seriously with the renaissance and expansion of the Empire, brought by the Macedonian dynasty, as central liturgical traditions gained global authority from the late ninth and tenth centuries onwards.

Liturgical byzantinisation is a fertile topic in the field of Byzantine liturgical studies today for several reasons. First, recent research has shed new light on the liturgical situation in Constantinople itself and, therefore, on the liturgy that was transmitted and the milieux of the centres from which it was spread: S. Parenti, “The Cathedral Rite of Constantinople: Evolution of a Local Tradition”, Orientalia Christiana Periodica, 77 (2011): 440–69; S. Frøyshov, “The Early History of the Hagiopolitan Daily Office in Constantinople: New Perspectives on the Formative Period of the Byzantine Rite”, Dumbarton Oaks Papers, 75 (2020): 351-382.

Secondly, numerous liturgical sources from liturgical peripheries, reflecting liturgical byzantinisation, are waiting to be studied better or for the first time. These are manuscripts of Byzantine peripheries, such as the Middle East, the Caucasus (Georgia), South Italy, Slavic lands (Bulgaria, Serbia, Rus’ and Russia), as well as Byzantine areas, such as Mount Athos, written in any of the corresponding languages. Daniel Galadza has recently examined the liturgical byzantinisation of Jerusalem in Liturgy and Byzantinisation in Jerusalem (Oxford, 2018).

Thirdly, the complex but understudied relationship between liturgical centre and periphery is vital for understanding historical evolution. Liturgical byzantinisation, a prime case of the centre–periphery relationship, raises potent questions, such as the following: Which were the actual liturgical centres, and were they secular (patriarchal?) or monastic? Out of the liturgical diversity of the capital, which traditions were spread? To what extent did the peripheries modify central liturgical rites when adopting them? Did the peripheries continuously follow the evolution of the centre, or were they conservative peripheries preserving, unchanged, the received liturgy? Were there “sub-centres” in the peripheries, exercising a central authority in their own region? Was there also an opposite liturgical influence—a “Neo-Sabaite” influence from the Palestinian periphery to central Byzantine regions?

Dr. Stig R. Frøyshov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a double-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Religions is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Eastern Christian liturgy
  • Byzantine liturgy

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

41 pages, 5679 KiB  
Article
Byzantine Influence before Byzantinisation: The Tropologion Sinai Greek NE ΜΓ 56+5 Compared with the Georgian and Syriac Melkite Versions
by Stig Simeon R. Frøyshov, Aleksandra Nikiforova and Natalia Smelova
Religions 2023, 14(11), 1363; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/rel14111363 - 27 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1183
Abstract
The article examines a selection of hymns of potentially Byzantine origin in the eighth-to-tenth-century manuscripts of the New Tropologion, which was the hymnal of the Anastasis cathedral of Jerusalem and in churches that followed its rite. Such adoption in the rite of Jerusalem [...] Read more.
The article examines a selection of hymns of potentially Byzantine origin in the eighth-to-tenth-century manuscripts of the New Tropologion, which was the hymnal of the Anastasis cathedral of Jerusalem and in churches that followed its rite. Such adoption in the rite of Jerusalem represented a Byzantine influence before the wave of liturgical Byzantinisation that started in the late ninth and tenth centuries. For the first time, three versions of the New Tropologion are studied together: the Greek original and the Syriac and Georgian translations. The Greek Tropologion Sinai MS NE MΓ 56+5 is the primary material, compared with Sinai MS Syriac 48 and several Georgian New Iadgari manuscripts from Sinai. The study identifies one certain Byzantine element in the New Tropologion: parts of the feast of St. John Chrysostom, archbishop of Constantinople, and several probable Byzantine elements: the interpolation of the second ode in three canons by Kosmas of Jerusalem and one by John, and parts of the stichera series Aἱ ἀγγελικαὶ προπορεύεσθε δυνάμεις attributed to Romanos the Melodist. By contrast, the interpolated ode 1 in Kosmas’ canon for Great Saturday seems to be of Palestinian origin, and therefore not a Byzantine loan, contrary to traditional views. The article shows that there is considerable variation between the different versions of the New Tropologion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation)
18 pages, 815 KiB  
Article
The Description of the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts in the Typikon of Mâr Saba, a Reminiscence of Byzantinisation?
by Diego Rodrigo Fittipaldi
Religions 2022, 13(11), 1079; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/rel13111079 - 09 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1353
Abstract
This article deals with the description of the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts in the Byzantine liturgical book known as the Typikon of Mâr Saba. This description is well preserved from its oldest known Greek testimonies until at least the 13th century. It [...] Read more.
This article deals with the description of the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts in the Byzantine liturgical book known as the Typikon of Mâr Saba. This description is well preserved from its oldest known Greek testimonies until at least the 13th century. It is notable that this liturgical celebration is the only one depicted in the book that involves the Eucharist. In the article, some partially unedited fragments of the Greek text of three testimonies are presented and analysed, and some reflections and questions are collected at the end in an attempt to shed light on the historical development of this text, which is crucial to our understanding of the history of Byzantine liturgy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation)
11 pages, 1331 KiB  
Article
Byzantinised or Alexandrianised—Or Both? Vespers in the 13th c. Melkite Alexandrian Arabic Horologion Sinai Arabic 232
by Andrew Wade
Religions 2022, 13(7), 607; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/rel13070607 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1110
Abstract
This paper presents an annotated English translation of the rite of Vespers contained in the Melkite Alexandrian Arabic Book of Hours (Horologion) found in the 13th century Christian Arabic manuscript Sinai Arabic 232. Most of the texts comprising this service have been identified [...] Read more.
This paper presents an annotated English translation of the rite of Vespers contained in the Melkite Alexandrian Arabic Book of Hours (Horologion) found in the 13th century Christian Arabic manuscript Sinai Arabic 232. Most of the texts comprising this service have been identified from the contemporary Greek Horologion, the Constantinople Euchologion and the Coptic Agpeya. This very unusual combination is discussed. While further research on Sin. Ar. 232 and other Arabic Horologia is necessary before we may draw more definitive conclusions, enough seems clear at this point to suggest that the Egyptian Melkites originally used a Hierosolymitan type Horologion and that this, in due time, was both Alexandrinised and Byzantinised. We can therefore say that Sin. Ar. 232 is an Egyptian redaction of a Middle Byzantine Horologion with archaic Hierosolymitan features. No other Arabic Horologia have been studied to date, and no earlier Melkite or Coptic Alexandrian Horologia are known. Considerable further research on Arabic Horologia is needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation)
27 pages, 1204 KiB  
Article
Kata Stichon Hymnography in the East Slavic Tradition
by Aleksandr Andreev and Hieromonk Dalmat (Yudin)
Religions 2022, 13(1), 40; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/rel13010040 - 31 Dec 2021
Viewed by 2225
Abstract
The kata stichon hymns are a peculiar genre of hymnography occurring as part of nocturnal prayer in early sources for the Byzantine Liturgy of the Hours. The use of these hymns in traditions on the Byzantine periphery remains in need of study. In [...] Read more.
The kata stichon hymns are a peculiar genre of hymnography occurring as part of nocturnal prayer in early sources for the Byzantine Liturgy of the Hours. The use of these hymns in traditions on the Byzantine periphery remains in need of study. In this paper, the authors identify kata stichon hymns translated into Church Slavonic found in early East Slavic Horologia as well as in later Slavonic collections of private prayer used in Russia up to the 17th century. The authors also identify hymns with no known Greek analogs, as well as hymns reflecting the kata stichon genre composed in Church Slavonic. The liturgical function of these hymns is studied and hypotheses are proposed for their origin and continued popularity in Russian nocturnal worship and private cell prayer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation)
17 pages, 2014 KiB  
Article
The Source Value of Arabic Typikon-Manuscripts as Testimonials for the Byzantinization of the Melkites
by Martin Lüstraeten
Religions 2021, 12(11), 931; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/rel12110931 - 27 Oct 2021
Viewed by 1768
Abstract
With the expansion of Islam, the patriarchates of Antioch, Jerusalem, and Alexandria were divided from the Byzantine Empire. The Orthodox Christians there still defined themselves as Byzantine Orthodox and began to adapt their liturgical customs by adopting Byzantine liturgical books. When Greek was [...] Read more.
With the expansion of Islam, the patriarchates of Antioch, Jerusalem, and Alexandria were divided from the Byzantine Empire. The Orthodox Christians there still defined themselves as Byzantine Orthodox and began to adapt their liturgical customs by adopting Byzantine liturgical books. When Greek was not understood any longer, they began to translate and copy their liturgical books, thereby creating their own branch of tradition, which is marked by multilingualism, reception of their own Bible tradition as well as the exclusion of “neo-martyrs” from their calendar of saints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation)
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