Dear Colleagues,

Although Earth Observation (EO) satellite technology has improved our ability to characterize and manage ecosystems both in space and in time, there are many emerging technologies and research areas where the potential of Earth Observation has not been fully exploited.

Essential variables for environmental monitoring include geophysical variables of water, energy, and carbon cycles. Many water–energy–vegetation satellite products are currently available as down streaming services. However, these are at coarse resolutions and not suitable to characterize the environment at field or finer scale. On the other hand, although proximity sensing can provide very high resolution products, they require considerable efforts for cal/val procedures (e.g., geometric and radiometric calibrations in both labs and fields). Furthermore, the intercomparison between high resolution and coarser resolution products require either downscaling or upscaling methodologies.

Key questions are “How are these downscaling/upscaling approaches are carried out currently and what are their accuracy and uncertainty? And How these quality assurance information can be traced back to geometric and radiometric calibrations?” This issue is dedicated to collect the output of recent advances in the scaling and modelling of essential variables for environmental monitoring with multiscale Earth Observations, which include satellite products, in-situ measurements, (process-based) environmental modelling, and proximity sensing imagery (UAS).

Dr. Antonino Maltese
Dr. Yijian Zeng
Prof. Dr. Jian Peng
Guest Editors

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• Unmanned aerial systems, geostationary/polar-orbit satellites, in-situ networks
• Scaling of essential variables for environmental monitoring (i.e., linked to water, energy and carbon cycles)
• Earth Observations and soil–water–plant–energy modelling
• Accuracy assurance and uncertainty traceability
• Operational applications
• Data science methods