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Biosensors for Pathogens Detection 2020
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Biosensors for Pathogens Detection 2020

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2020) | Viewed by 9225

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Roberto Pilloton

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Salaria Km 29.3, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
Interests: electrochemistry; environmental analytical chemistry; biosensors; sensors and sensing; continuous flow monitoring; immobilization techniques; enzyme inhibitors; lab on a chip; nanostructured electrodes; screen-printed electrodes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jagriti Narang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
Interests: biosensors; sensors; paper based microfluidic; detection of various pathogens and drugs
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Foodborne pathogens are posing serious problems to mankind, as they are the cause of millions of deaths worldwide. There are many foodborne pathogens which cause serious health problems and can lead to death. Foodborne bacteria such as Shigella, Salmonella, Listeria, Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli can cause serious dysentery. There are also some serious foodborne viruses which can cause death if management is poor; for instance, Hepatitis, Rotavirus, and Norovirus. Therefore, a serious research advisory should be put against them to prevent epidemics. The first and foremost research area in this direction is the detection of foodborne pathogens in food. Sensors could be best option for the detection of foodborne pathogens. Sensors offer many advantages, such as their sensitivity, specificity, ease of operation, and ability to be used at the point of site if miniaturized. Extensive research is being conducted on device miniaturization. In the move towards miniaturization, paper-based electrodes, wearable electronics, and smartphone-assisted probes are the best avenues towards this progress. If combined with biological recognition element, sensors become biosensors. Among various biological recognition elements, aptamers are the choice materials as they offer more stability, which brings more sensitivity and specificity. In addition, aptamers are less expensive than antibodies. However, research should be done exploiting various recognition elements in order to produce some sophisticated devices which can overcome the setbacks of all existing methods. 

Prof. Roberto Pilloton
Prof. Jagriti Narang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biosensors
  • foodborne pathogens
  • mutiplexed detection
  • smartphone-assisted detection

Published Papers (3 papers)

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11 pages, 4732 KiB  
Article
Detection of Antibodies against Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) by a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Biosensor: A New Diagnosis Tool Based on the Major HAV Capsid Protein VP1 (SPR-HAVP1)
by Gabriel Menezes Costa dos Santos, Carlos Roberto Alves, Marcelo Alves Pinto, Luciane Almeida Amado Leon and Franklin Souza-Silva
Sensors 2021, 21(9), 3167; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s21093167 - 03 May 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2507
Abstract
Hepatitis A (HA) is an acute human infectious disease caused by a positive single-stranded RNA virus (HAV). It is mainly acquired through the fecal–oral route and is primarily spread by contact between people and exposure to contaminated water and food. Recently, large outbreaks [...] Read more.
Hepatitis A (HA) is an acute human infectious disease caused by a positive single-stranded RNA virus (HAV). It is mainly acquired through the fecal–oral route and is primarily spread by contact between people and exposure to contaminated water and food. Recently, large outbreaks of HA have been reported by low and moderate endemicity countries, emphasizing its importance in public health and the need for rapid and large-scale diagnostic tests to support public health decisions on HA. This work proposes a new tool for HAV diagnosis based on the association of surface plasmonic resonance with major capsid protein VP1 (SPR-HAVP1 assay), detecting IgM antibodies for HAV in human serum samples. Structural analyses of VP1 B-lymphocyte epitopes showed continuous and discontinuous epitopes. The discontinuous epitopes were identified in the N-terminal region of the VP1 protein. Both epitope types in the VP1 protein were shown by the reactivity of VP1 in native and denaturing conditions to IgM anti-HAV, which was favorable to tests of VP1 in the SPR assays. SPR-HAVP1 assays showed good performance in the detection of IgM polyclonal antibody anti-HAV. These assays were performed using a COOH5 sensor chip functionalized with VP1 protein. The sensorgram record showed a significant difference between positive and negative serum samples, which was confirmed by analysis of variation of initial and final dissociation values through time (ΔRUd/t). The data gathered here are unequivocal evidence that the SPR-HAVP1 strategy can be applied to detect IgM antibodies in human serum positive to the HAV. This is a new tool to be explored to diagnose human HAV infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogens Detection 2020)
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13 pages, 2270 KiB  
Article
Vibrational Spectroscopy as a Sensitive Probe for the Chemistry of Intra-Phase Bacterial Growth
by Kamila Kochan, Elizabeth Lai, Zack Richardson, Cara Nethercott, Anton Y. Peleg, Philip Heraud and Bayden R. Wood
Sensors 2020, 20(12), 3452; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s20123452 - 18 Jun 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2744
Abstract
Bacterial growth in batch cultures occurs in four phases (lag, exponential/log, stationary and death phase) that differ distinctly in number of different bacteria, biochemistry and physiology. Knowledge regarding the growth phase and its kinetics is essential for bacterial research, especially in taxonomic identification [...] Read more.
Bacterial growth in batch cultures occurs in four phases (lag, exponential/log, stationary and death phase) that differ distinctly in number of different bacteria, biochemistry and physiology. Knowledge regarding the growth phase and its kinetics is essential for bacterial research, especially in taxonomic identification and monitoring drug interactions. However, the conventional methods by which to assess microbial growth are based only on cell counting or optical density, without any insight into the biochemistry of cells or processes. Both Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have shown potential to determine the chemical changes occurring between different bacterial growth phases. Here, we extend the application of spectroscopy and for the first time combine both Raman and FTIR microscopy in a multimodal approach to detect changes in the chemical compositions of bacteria within the same phase (intra-phase). We found a number of spectral markers associated with nucleic acids (IR: 964, 1082, 1215 cm−1; RS: 785, 1483 cm−1), carbohydrates (IR: 1035 cm−1; RS: 1047 cm−1) and proteins (1394 cm−1, amide II) reflecting not only inter-, but also intra-phase changes in bacterial chemistry. Principal component analysis performed simultaneously on FTIR and Raman spectra enabled a clear-cut, time-dependent discrimination between intra-lag phase bacteria probed every 30 min. This demonstrates the unique capability of multimodal vibrational spectroscopy to probe the chemistry of bacterial growth even at the intra-phase level, which is particularly important for the lag phase, where low bacterial numbers limit conventional analytical approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogens Detection 2020)
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9 pages, 1722 KiB  
Letter
Antibody Modified Gold Electrode as an Impedimetric Biosensor for the Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes
by Natalia Malinowska, Wioleta Białobrzeska, Tomasz Łęga, Katarzyna Pałka, Karolina Dziąbowska, Sabina Żołędowska, Elżbieta Czaczyk, Katarzyna Pala and Dawid Nidzworski
Sensors 2020, 20(18), 5324; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s20185324 - 17 Sep 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3501
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes is a known cause of a wide spectrum of diseases, from mild and acute to severe invasive infections. This paper concerns the development of a novel impedimetric biosensor for the detection of the mentioned human pathogen. The proposed biosensor is a [...] Read more.
Streptococcus pyogenes is a known cause of a wide spectrum of diseases, from mild and acute to severe invasive infections. This paper concerns the development of a novel impedimetric biosensor for the detection of the mentioned human pathogen. The proposed biosensor is a gold disk electrode modified with commercially available antibodies attached to the surface of the electrode by carbodiimide chemistry. The conducted tests confirmed the specificity of the antibodies used, which was also demonstrated by the results obtained during the detection of S. pyogenes using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The developed sensor successfully detected the presence of S. pyogenes in the sample and the detection limit was calculated as 9.3 cfu/mL. The results obtained show a wide linear range for verified concentrations of this pathogen in a sample from 4.2 × 102 to 4.2 × 106 cfu/mL. Furthermore, the optimal experimentally determined time required to perform pathogen detection in the sample was estimated as 3 min, and the test did not lead to the degradation of the sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Pathogens Detection 2020)
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