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Recent Advances in Magnetic GSR Sensor

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A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 6700

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yoshinobu Honkura

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Guest Editor

Magnedesign corporation, Nagoya 466-0059, Japan
Interests: magnetic sensors; mass production; microsensors

Prof. Dr. Arcady Zhukov

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Guest Editor

1. Department of Polymers and Advanced Matererials, University Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
2. EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Spain and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
Interests: magnetic materials and applications; amorphous nano-crystalline and granular magnetic materials; hysteretic magnetic properties; magnetic wires; transport properties (giant magneto-impedance effect, magneto-resistance); magnetic sensors
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The GSR (Gigahertz Spin Rotation) sensor is based on the fact that a Co-based amorphous magnetic wire has a surface magnetic domain structure with circumferential spin alignment. Using a micro-coil wound around the wire, this sensor detects the change in magnetization caused by the fast spin rotation phenomenon that occurs when the GHz pulse is energized. The characteristics of the sensor include high sensitivity in the GHz range, sinusoidal output of the magnetic field, good linearity, low noise, and no hysteresis. Current projects in progress are research on the principle of GSR sensors, development of Co-based amorphous magnetic wire and micro-coil manufacturing technology, electronic circuits for GHz pulse driving, GSR device design, biomagnetism detection sensors, electronic compass gyros, and current sensors using GSR sensors for automotive application. This Special Issue is dedicated to the GSR sensor and its recent progress, as well as its outlook for future research and development.

Prof. Dr. Yoshinobu Honkura
Prof. Dr. Arcady Zhukov
Guest Editors

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Keywords

GSR sensor
GHz pulse
amorphous wire
on-ASIC type
biomagnetics
magnet type navigation

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 621 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Anomalous Magnetic Anisotropy Behaviour in Co-Rich and Fe-Rich Glass-Coated Microwires under Applied Stress

by Alfonso García-Gómez, Juan María Blanco, Paula Corte-León, Mihail Ipatov, Álvaro González, Julián González, Arcady Zhukov and Valentina Zhukova

Sensors 2023, 23(19), 8068; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23198068 - 25 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 608

Abstract

In this article, we study the effect of annealing temperature and applied stress on the magnetic properties of

{Fe}_{71.80} B_{13.27} {Si}_{11.02} {Nb}_{2.99} {Ni}_{0.92}

and

{Co}_{65.34} {Si}_{12.00} B_{10.20} {Cr}_{8.48} {Fe}_{3.90} {Mo}_{0.08}

microwires. An [...] Read more.

In this article, we study the effect of annealing temperature and applied stress on the magnetic properties of

{Fe}_{71.80} B_{13.27} {Si}_{11.02} {Nb}_{2.99} {Ni}_{0.92}

and

{Co}_{65.34} {Si}_{12.00} B_{10.20} {Cr}_{8.48} {Fe}_{3.90} {Mo}_{0.08}

microwires. An anomalous behavior of the coercive field is observed while applying stress, indicating nontrivial changes in the microwire magnetic anisotropy. The effect of applied stimuli on the magnetic anisotropy and magnetostriction constant in both microwires is also discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Magnetic GSR Sensor)

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14 pages, 2852 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimization of Magnetoimpedance Effect and Magnetic Properties of Fe-Rich Glass-Coated Microwires by Annealing

by Alvaro González, Alfonso García-Gomez, Valentina Zhukova, Paula Corte-Leon, Mihail Ipatov, Juan Maria Blanco, Julian Gonzalez and Arcady Zhukov

Sensors 2023, 23(17), 7481; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23177481 - 28 Aug 2023

Viewed by 645

Abstract

As-prepared Fe-rich microwires with perfectly rectangular hysteresis loops present magnetization reversal through fast domain wall propagation, while the giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect in Fe-rich microwires is rather low. However, the lower cost of Fe-rich microwires makes them attractive for magnetic sensors applications. We studied the effect of conventional (furnace) annealing and Joule heating on magnetic-propertied domain wall (DW) dynamics and the GMI effect in two Fe microwires with different geometries. We observed that magnetic softness, GMI effect and domain wall (DW) dynamics can be substantially improved by appropriate annealing. Observed experimental results are discussed considering the counterbalance between the internal stresses relaxation and induced magnetic anisotropy associated with the presence of an Oersted magnetic field during Joule heating. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Magnetic GSR Sensor)

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Graphical abstract

9 pages, 3013 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Observation of Magnetic Domains in Amorphous Magnetic Wires with a Diameter of 10 μm Used in GSR Sensors

by Masaaki Takezawa, Yuki Harada, Yoshinobu Honkura and Shinpei Honkura

Sensors 2023, 23(7), 3506; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23073506 - 27 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1237

Abstract

The core of a Gigahertz Spin Rotation (GSR) sensor, a compact and highly sensitive magnetic sensor, is composed of Co–Fe-based amorphous magnetic wire with a diameter of 10 μm. Observations of the magnetic domain structure showed that this magnetic wire has unusual magnetic noise characteristics. Bamboo-shaped magnetic domains a few hundred micrometers in width were observed to form inside the wire, and smaller domains a few micrometers across were observed to form inside these larger domains. The magnetic domain pattern changed abruptly when an external magnetic field was applied to the wire. Herein is shown how these changes may be a source of magnetic noise in the wire. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Magnetic GSR Sensor)

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Figure 1

11 pages, 2047 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Determination of Magnetic Structures in Magnetic Microwires with Longitudinally Distributed Magnetic Anisotropy

by Alexander Chizhik, Paula Corte-Leon, Valentina Zhukova, Julian Gonzalez, Przemyslaw Gawronski, Juan Mari Blanco and Arcady Zhukov

Sensors 2023, 23(6), 3079; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23063079 - 13 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1059

Abstract

We studied the magnetic properties of a glass-covered amorphous microwire that was stress-annealed at temperatures distributed along the microwire length. The Sixtus-Tonks, Kerr effect microscopy and magnetic impedance techniques have been applied. There was a transformation of the magnetic structure across the zones subjected to annealing at different temperatures. The annealing temperature distribution induces the graded magnetic anisotropy in the studied sample. The variety of the surface domain structures depending on the longitudinal location has been discovered. Spiral, circular, curved, elliptic and longitudinal domain structures coexist and replace each other in the process of magnetization reversal. The analysis of the obtained results was carried out based on the calculations of the magnetic structure, assuming the distribution of internal stresses. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Magnetic GSR Sensor)

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16 pages, 4413 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Micromagnetic Study of the Dependence of Output Voltages and Magnetization Behaviors on Damping Constant, Frequency, and Wire Length for a Gigahertz Spin Rotation Sensor

by Fumiko Akagi, Terumi Kaneko, Hirotada Kan, Yoshinobu Honkura and Shinpei Honkura

Sensors 2023, 23(5), 2786; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23052786 - 03 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1231 | Correction

Abstract

In this report, we studied the dependence of output voltage on the damping constant, the frequency of the pulse current, and the wire length of zero-magnetostriction CoFeBSi wires using multiphysics simulation considering eddy currents in micromagnetic simulations. The magnetization reversal mechanism in the wires was also investigated. As a result, we found that a high output voltage can be achieved with a damping constant of ≥0.03. We also found that the output voltage increases up to a pulse current of 3 GHz. The longer the wire length, the lower the external magnetic field at which the output voltage peaks. This is because the demagnetization field from the axial ends of the wire is weaker as the wire length is longer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Magnetic GSR Sensor)

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