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Novel Optical Fiber Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 7119

Special Issue Editors

Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Interests: optical fiber sensing technology; optoelectronics micro-nano devices; micro-cavity resonance devices
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Interests: advanced laser fabrication; optical fiber sensors; fiber Bragg gratings
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Interests: optical fiber sensing; distributed optical fiber sensing
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Interests: fiber sensor; fiber Bragg gratings

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a broad category of sensors, optical fiber sensors have experienced sufficient development due to their compact structure and advantageous performance. It has been reported that optical fiber sensors can be applied in the sensing of parameters of many kinds, with new attempts being made in, e.g., film coating, arc discharge processing, femtosecond laser micro machining, and additive manufacturing based on laser-induced two photon polymerization, to extend the applications and improve the performance of the devices. This Special Issue aims to introduce the frontier progress in the development of novel optical fiber sensors.

Dr. Shen Liu
Dr. Jun He
Dr. Cailing Fu
Dr. Xizhen Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Optical fiber sensors
  • Optical fiber micro cavities
  • Optical fiber gratings
  • Optical fiber resonators
  • Multi-parameter sensors
  • Fiber tip microstructures

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4584 KiB  
Communication
Ultra-High Sensitivity Terahertz Microstructured Fiber Biosensor for Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Heart Disease Marker Detection
by Jia Xue, Yani Zhang, Zhe Guang, Ting Miao, Zohaib Ali, Dun Qiao, Yiming Yao, Kexin Wu, Lei Zhou, Cheng Meng and Nigel Copner
Sensors 2023, 23(4), 2020; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23042020 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1582
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) are among top causes of patient health issues and fatalities in many countries. At present, terahertz biosensors have been widely used to detect chronic diseases because of their accurate detection, fast operation, flexible design and [...] Read more.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) are among top causes of patient health issues and fatalities in many countries. At present, terahertz biosensors have been widely used to detect chronic diseases because of their accurate detection, fast operation, flexible design and easy fabrication. In this paper, a Zeonex-based microstructured fiber (MSF) biosensor is proposed for detecting DM and CHD markers by adopting a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system. A suspended hollow-core structure with a square core and a hexagonal cladding is used, which enhances the interaction of terahertz waves with targeted markers and reduces the loss. This work focuses on simulating the transmission performance of the proposed MSF sensor by using a finite element method and incorporating a perfectly matched layer as the absorption boundary. The simulation results show that this MSF biosensor exhibits an ultra-high relative sensitivity, especially up to 100.35% at 2.2THz, when detecting DM and CHD markers. Furthermore, for different concentrations of disease markers, the MSF exhibits significant differences in effective material loss, which can effectively improve clinical diagnostic accuracy and clearly distinguish the extent of the disease. This MSF biosensor is simple to fabricate by 3D printing and extrusion technologies, and is expected to provide a convenient and capable tool for rapid biomedical diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Optical Fiber Sensors)
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12 pages, 5226 KiB  
Communication
Refractive Index Sensing Using Helical Broken-Circular-Symmetry Core Microstructured Optical Fiber
by Mingjie Cui, Zhuo Wang and Changyuan Yu
Sensors 2022, 22(23), 9523; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22239523 - 06 Dec 2022
Viewed by 960
Abstract
Helical twist provides an additional degree of freedom for controlling light in optical waveguides, expanding their applications in sensing. In this paper, we propose a helical broken-circular-symmetry core microstructured optical fiber for refractive index sensing. The proposed fiber consists of pure silica and [...] Read more.
Helical twist provides an additional degree of freedom for controlling light in optical waveguides, expanding their applications in sensing. In this paper, we propose a helical broken-circular-symmetry core microstructured optical fiber for refractive index sensing. The proposed fiber consists of pure silica and its noncircular helical core is formed by a broken air ring. By using finite element modeling combined with transformation optics, the modal characteristics of the fiber are investigated in detail. The results show that for the core located at the fiber center, the confinement loss of fundamental core modes increases with twist rate, whereas for a sufficiently large core offset the modes can be well confined owing to the twist-induced light guidance mechanism, showing decreases with rising twist rate in the loss spectra. Moreover, we have found that for large twist rates and core offsets, resonant peaks occur at different twist rates due to the couplings between the fundamental core modes and the highly leaky modes created by the helical structure. The refractive index sensing performance is also studied and the obtained results show that the proposed fiber has great potential in fiber sensing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Optical Fiber Sensors)
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8 pages, 2021 KiB  
Article
Nano-Optomechanical Resonators Based on Suspended Graphene for Thermal Stress Sensing
by Shen Liu, Hang Xiao, Yanping Chen, Peijing Chen, Wenqi Yan, Qiao Lin, Bonan Liu, Xizhen Xu, Yiping Wang, Xiaoyu Weng, Liwei Liu and Junle Qu
Sensors 2022, 22(23), 9068; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22239068 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1387
Abstract
Nanomechanical resonators made from suspended graphene combine the properties of ultracompactness and ultrahigh detection sensitivity, making them interesting devices for sensing applications. However, nanomechanical systems can be affected by membrane stress. The present work developed an optomechanical resonator for thermal stress sensing. The [...] Read more.
Nanomechanical resonators made from suspended graphene combine the properties of ultracompactness and ultrahigh detection sensitivity, making them interesting devices for sensing applications. However, nanomechanical systems can be affected by membrane stress. The present work developed an optomechanical resonator for thermal stress sensing. The proposed resonator consists of a section of hollow core fiber (HCF) and a trampoline graphene–Au membrane. An all-optical system that integrated optical excitation and optical detection was applied. Then, the resonance frequency of the resonator was obtained through this all-optical system. In addition, this system and the resonator were used to detect the membrane’s built-in stress, which depended on the ambient temperature, by monitoring the resonance frequency shift. The results verified that the temperature-induced thermal effect had a significant impact on membrane stress. Temperature sensitivities of 2.2646 kHz/°C and 2.3212 kHz/°C were obtained when the temperature rose and fell, respectively. As such, we believe that this device will be beneficial for the quality monitoring of graphene mechanical resonators. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Optical Fiber Sensors)
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9 pages, 3789 KiB  
Communication
High-Sensitivity Optical Fiber-Based Glucose Sensor Using Helical Intermediate-Period Fiber Grating
by Junlan Zhong, Shen Liu, Tao Zou, Wenqi Yan, Peijing Chen, Bonan Liu, Zhongyuan Sun and Yiping Wang
Sensors 2022, 22(18), 6824; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22186824 - 09 Sep 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1299
Abstract
An all-fiber glucose sensor is proposed and demonstrated based on a helical intermediate-period fiber grating (HIPFG) produced by using a hydrogen/oxygen flame heating method. The HIPFG, with a grating length of 1.7 cm and a period of 35 μm, presents four sets of [...] Read more.
An all-fiber glucose sensor is proposed and demonstrated based on a helical intermediate-period fiber grating (HIPFG) produced by using a hydrogen/oxygen flame heating method. The HIPFG, with a grating length of 1.7 cm and a period of 35 μm, presents four sets of double dips with low insertion losses and strong coupling strengths in the transmission spectrum. The HIPFG possesses an averaged refractive index (RI) sensitivity of 213.6 nm/RIU nm/RIU in the RI range of 1.33–1.36 and a highest RI sensitivity of 472 nm/RIU at RI of 1.395. In addition, the HIPFG is demonstrated with a low-temperature sensitivity of 3.67 pm/°C, which promises a self-temperature compensation in glucose detection. In the glucose-sensing test, the HIPFG sensor manifests a detection sensitivity of 0.026 nm/(mg/mL) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1 mg/mL. Moreover, the HIPFG sensor exhibits good stability in 2 h, indicating its capacity for long-time detection. The properties of easy fabrication, high flexibility, insensitivity to temperature, and good stability of the proposed HIPFG endow it with a promising potential for long-term and compact biosensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Optical Fiber Sensors)
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9 pages, 3098 KiB  
Communication
High-Temperature-Resistant Fiber Laser Vector Accelerometer Based on a Self-Compensated Multicore Fiber Bragg Grating
by Xunzhou Xiao, Jun He, Xizhen Xu, Runxiao Chen, Bin Du, Yanping Chen, Shen Liu, Cailing Fu and Yiping Wang
Sensors 2022, 22(17), 6459; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22176459 - 27 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1208
Abstract
We propose and demonstrate a novel high-temperature-resistant vector accelerometer, consisting of a ring cavity laser and sensing probe (i.e., fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs)) inscribed in a seven-core fiber (SCF) by using the femtosecond laser direct writing technique. A ring cavity laser serves as [...] Read more.
We propose and demonstrate a novel high-temperature-resistant vector accelerometer, consisting of a ring cavity laser and sensing probe (i.e., fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs)) inscribed in a seven-core fiber (SCF) by using the femtosecond laser direct writing technique. A ring cavity laser serves as a light source. Three FBGs in the outer cores of SCF, which are not aligned in a straight line, are employed to test the vibration. These three FBGs have 120° angular separation in the SCF, and hence, vibration orientation and acceleration can be measured simultaneously. Moreover, the FBG in the central core was used as a reflector in the ring cavity laser, benefiting to resist external interference factors, such as temperature and strain fluctuation. Such a proposed accelerometer exhibits a working frequency bandwidth ranging from 4 to 68 Hz, a maximum sensitivity of 54.2 mV/g, and the best azimuthal angle accuracy of 0.21° over a range of 0–360°. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of strain and temperature on the performance of this sensor. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) only exhibits a fluctuation of ~1 dB in the range (0, 2289 με) and (50 °C, 1050 °C). Hence, such a vector accelerometer can operate in harsh environments, such as in aerospace and a nuclear reactor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Optical Fiber Sensors)
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