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Chemiresistive Sensors: Materials and Applications

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A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 April 2023) | Viewed by 14584

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Tamara Basova

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor

Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
Interests: chemiresistive sensors; optical sensors; gas detection; phthalocyanine thin films

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to such characteristics as processing speed, miniaturization, and low cost in mass production, chemiresistive sensors are widely used for monitoring air quality in industrial and residential areas, as well as for determining the various components of gas mixtures. Mobile air quality control stations, which require inexpensive portable gas analyzers, are becoming more and more widespread. Recently, interest in the application of chemiresistive sensors for the determination of gas biomarkers in exhaled breath as a noninvasive method of diagnostics of bronchopulmonary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and other diseases has increased around the world. The main classes of materials, which are widely used as active layers of chemiresistive sensors, include metal–oxide semiconductors, molecular semiconductors, intrinsically conducting polymers, conducting polymer composites, metal–oxide/polymer composites, and other novel materials. The search for new hybrid and composite materials with high sensitivity, selectivity, and a low limit of detection of various analytes remains an important task for both analytical chemistry and materials science.

In this context, we would like to invite you to consider submitting a manuscript to our upcoming Special Issue, “Chemiresistive Sensors: Materials and Applications”, to be published at the end of November 2021. Submissions from different scientific areas for the development of chemiresistive sensors based on various types of materials for the sensing of different gases, volatile organic vapors, and other analytes will be welcome. Both research papers and review articles will be considered. If you are interested in contributing to this Special Issue, we would very much appreciate receiving the tentative title of your contribution.

Prof. Dr. Tamara Basova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

metal oxides
nanomaterials
conductive polymers
molecular semiconductors
gas sensors
chemiresistive sensors
interaction mechanism

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 6576 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Self-Associated 1,8-Naphthalimide as a Selective Fluorescent Chemosensor for Detection of High pH in Aqueous Solutions and Their Hg²⁺ Contamination

by Awad I. Said, Desislava Staneva, Silvia Angelova and Ivo Grabchev

Sensors 2023, 23(1), 399; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23010399 - 30 Dec 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1759

Abstract

A novel diamino triazine based 1,8-naphthalimide (NI-DAT) has been designed and synthesized. Its photophysical properties have been investigated in different solvents and its sensory capability evaluated. The fluorescence emission of NI-DAT is significantly impacted by the solvent polarity due to its inherent intramolecular charge transfer character. Moreover, the fluorescence emission quenched at higher pH as a result of photo-induced electron transfer (PET) from triazine moiety to 1,8-naphthalimide after cleaving hydrogen bonds in the self-associated dimers. Furthermore, the new chemosensor exhibited a good selectivity and sensitivity towards Hg²⁺ among all the used various cations and anions in the aqueous solution of ethanol (5:1, v/v, pH = 7.2, Tampon buffer). NI-DAT emission at 540 nm was quenched remarkably only by Hg²⁺, even in the presence of other cations or anions as interfering analytes. Job’s plot revealed a 2:1 stoichiometric ratio for NI-DAT/Hg²⁺ complex, respectively. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemiresistive Sensors: Materials and Applications)

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17 pages, 9921 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sensitivity Enhancement of Resistive Ethanol Gas Sensor by Optimized Sputtered-Assisted CuO Decoration of ZnO Nanorods

by Hadi Riyahi Madvar, Zoheir Kordrostami and Ali Mirzaei

Sensors 2023, 23(1), 365; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s23010365 - 29 Dec 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2392

Abstract

In this study, sputtered-assisted CuO-decorated ZnO nanorod (NR) gas sensors were fabricated for ethanol gas sensing studies. CuO nanoparticles have been successfully formed on ZnO nanorods by means of a physical process as the decorative metallic element. The amount of decoration affecting the sensor’s performance has been optimized. Cu layers with different thicknesses of 5, 10, and 20 nm were deposited on hydrothermally grown ZnO NRs using the sputtering technique. Upon subsequent annealing, Cu was oxidized to CuO. The gas sensing studies revealed that the sensor with an initial Cu layer of 5 nm had the highest response to ethanol at 350 °C. The sensor also showed good selectivity, repeatability, and long-term stability. The enhanced ethanol sensing response of the optimized gas sensor is related to the formation of p-n heterojunction between p-type CuO and n-type ZnO and the presence of the optimal amount of CuO on the surface of ZnO NRs. The results presented in this study highlight the need for optimizing the amount of Cu deposition on the surface of ZnO NRs in order to achieve the highest response to ethanol gas. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemiresistive Sensors: Materials and Applications)

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11 pages, 3181 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Reversible Room Temperature H₂ Gas Sensing Based on Self-Assembled Cobalt Oxysulfide

by Hui Zhou, Kai Xu, Nam Ha, Yinfen Cheng, Rui Ou, Qijie Ma, Yihong Hu, Vien Trinh, Guanghui Ren, Zhong Li and Jian Zhen Ou

Sensors 2022, 22(1), 303; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s22010303 - 31 Dec 2021

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2486

Abstract

Reversible H₂ gas sensing at room temperature has been highly desirable given the booming of the Internet of Things (IoT), zero-emission vehicles, and fuel cell technologies. Conventional metal oxide-based semiconducting gas sensors have been considered as suitable candidates given their low-cost, high sensitivity, and long stability. However, the dominant sensing mechanism is based on the chemisorption of gas molecules which requires elevated temperatures to activate the catalytic reaction of target gas molecules with chemisorbed O, leaving the drawbacks of high-power consumption and poor selectivity. In this work, we introduce an alternative candidate of cobalt oxysulfide derived from the calcination of self-assembled cobalt sulfide micro-cages. It is found that the majority of S atoms are replaced by O in cobalt oxysulfide, transforming the crystal structure to tetragonal coordination and slightly expanding the optical bandgap energy. The H₂ gas sensing performances of cobalt oxysulfide are fully reversible at room temperature, demonstrating peculiar p-type gas responses with a magnitude of 15% for 1% H₂ and a high degree of selectivity over CH₄, NO₂, and CO₂. Such excellent performances are possibly ascribed to the physisorption dominating the gas–matter interaction. This work demonstrates the great potentials of transition metal oxysulfide compounds for room-temperature fully reversible gas sensing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemiresistive Sensors: Materials and Applications)

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11 pages, 8169 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Highly Sensitive Ammonia Gas Sensor Using Micrometer-Sized Core–Shell-Type Spherical Polyaniline Particles

by Masanobu Matsuguchi, Tomoki Nakamae, Ryoya Fujisada and Shunsuke Shiba

Sensors 2021, 21(22), 7522; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s21227522 - 12 Nov 2021

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2208

Abstract

A highly sensitive NH₃ gas sensor based on micrometer-sized polyaniline (PANI) spheres was successfully fabricated. The PANI microspheres were prepared via a facile in situ chemical oxidation polymerization in a polystyrene microsphere dispersion solution, resulting in a core–shell structure. The sensor response increased as the diameter of the microspheres increased. The PSt@PANI(4.5) sensor, which had microspheres with a 4.5 μm average diameter, showed the largest response value of 77 for 100 ppm dry NH₃ gas at 30 °C, which was 20 times that of the PANI-deposited film-based sensor. Even considering measurement error, the calculated detection limit was 46 ppb. A possible reason for why high sensitivity was achieved is simply the use of micrometer-sized PANI spherical particles. This research succeeded in providing a new and simple technology for developing a high-sensitivity NH₃ gas sensor that operates at room temperature. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemiresistive Sensors: Materials and Applications)

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Review

Jump to: Research

27 pages, 2499 KiB

Open AccessReview

Structure–Function Relationships of Nanocarbon/Polymer Composites for Chemiresistive Sensing: A Review

by Maryam Ehsani, Parvaneh Rahimi and Yvonne Joseph

Sensors 2021, 21(9), 3291; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s21093291 - 10 May 2021

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3788

Abstract

Composites of organic compounds and inorganic nanomaterials provide novel sensing platforms for high-performance sensor applications. The combination of the attractive functionalities of nanomaterials with polymers as an organic matrix offers promising materials with tunable electrical, mechanical, and chemisensitive properties. This review mainly focuses on nanocarbon/polymer composites as chemiresistors. We first describe the structure and properties of carbon nanofillers as reinforcement agents used in the manufacture of polymer composites and the sensing mechanism of developed nanocomposites as chemiresistors. Then, the design and synthesizing methods of polymer composites based on carbon nanofillers are discussed. The electrical conductivity, mechanical properties, and the applications of different nanocarbon/polymer composites for the detection of different analytes are reviewed. Lastly, challenges and the future vision for applications of such nanocomposites are described. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemiresistive Sensors: Materials and Applications)

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