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Energy-Harvesting Microsystems and Microsensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Electronic Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2022) | Viewed by 5527

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Nano Materials and System Laboratory, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeju National University, 690-756 Jeju-Do, Korea
Interests: functional nanomaterials; piezoelectric/triboelectric harvesting; self-powered sensors; piezo-phototronic devices; single crystal growth techniques; micro/nanodevice fabrication methods
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The demand for alternative energy harvesting approaches (small and large scale) is increasing day-by-day due to industrialization in every sector, the tremendous growth of the population, and the development of automated lifestyles. Human lives are in danger due to the massive consumption of natural resources and the catastrophic increase in environmental pollution. To control this, renewable technologies such as solar cells, fuel cells, and hydrogen energy processes have been developed; however, they are unable to utilize the abundant amount of mechanical energy waste produced by society. A new energy harvesting approach is required to harness energy from biomechanical motion, ocean waves, and wind motion. Triboelectric, piezoelectric energy harvesting systems show the way to generate clean energy, and fabricated devices can use a micro-power source to drive low-power-consuming sensors and systems. Sometimes, nanogenerators can play a dual role, such as energy harvesting and active sensing, to monitor various physical, chemical, and biological stimuli. Here, the performance of all of these technologies mainly depends on the design and development of efficient nanomaterials, ceramics, polymers, composite materials, and novel design architectures. To reach this goal, new synthesis routes, flexible in-device designs, cost-effectiveness, and improvement in the power density of devices is highly necessary.

For this Special Issue of Sensors, we aim to present a collection of review and original research articles related to the development of micro energy harvesters as well as sensors. We invite scientists and academic researchers across the globe to contribute relevant articles.

Dr. Fabio Viola
Leading Guest Editor

Dr. Nagamalleswara Rao Alluri
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • piezoelectric materials
  • 2D materials
  • ferroelectric materials
  • self-powered sensors
  • piezoelectric nanogenerator
  • triboelectric nanogenerator
  • piezo-phototronic effect
  • MEMS sensors

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 5855 KiB  
Communication
Energy Harvesting Using Thermocouple and Compressed Air
by Robert Bayer, Jiří Maxa and Pavla Šabacká
Sensors 2021, 21(18), 6031; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s21186031 - 09 Sep 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1506
Abstract
In this paper, we describe the possibility of using the energy of a compressed air flow, where cryogenic temperatures are achieved within the flow behind the nozzle, when reaching a critical flow in order to maximize the energy gained. Compared to the energy [...] Read more.
In this paper, we describe the possibility of using the energy of a compressed air flow, where cryogenic temperatures are achieved within the flow behind the nozzle, when reaching a critical flow in order to maximize the energy gained. Compared to the energy of compressed air, the energy obtained thermoelectrically is negligible, but not zero. We are therefore primarily aiming to maximize the use of available energy sources. Behind the aperture separating regions with a pressure difference of several atmospheres, a supersonic flow with a large temperature drop develops. Based on the Seebeck effect, a thermocouple is placed in these low temperatures to create a thermoelectric voltage. This paper contains a mathematical-physical analysis for proper nozzle design, controlled gas expansion and ideal placement of a thermocouple within the flow for best utilization of the low temperature before a shockwave formation. If the gas flow passes through a perpendicular shockwave, the velocity drops sharply and the gas pressure rises, thereby increasing the temperature. In contrast, with a conical shockwave, such dramatic changes do not occur and the cooling effect is not impaired. This article also contains analyses for proper forming of the head shape of the thermocouple to avoid the formation of a detached shockwave, which causes temperature stagnation resulting in lower thermocouple cooling efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy-Harvesting Microsystems and Microsensors)
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14 pages, 4197 KiB  
Article
Universal Triboelectric Nanogenerator Simulation Based on Dynamic Finite Element Method Model
by Jinkai Chen, Junchao Wang, Weipeng Xuan, Shurong Dong and Jikui Luo
Sensors 2020, 20(17), 4838; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/s20174838 - 27 Aug 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3341
Abstract
The lack of a universal simulation method for triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) makes the device design and optimization difficult before experiment, which protracts the research and development process and hinders the landing of practical TENG applications. The existing electrostatic induction models for TENGs have [...] Read more.
The lack of a universal simulation method for triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) makes the device design and optimization difficult before experiment, which protracts the research and development process and hinders the landing of practical TENG applications. The existing electrostatic induction models for TENGs have limitations in simulating TENGs with complex geometries and their dynamic behaviors under practical movements due to the topology change issues. Here, a dynamic finite element method (FEM) model is proposed. The introduction of air buffer layers and the moving mesh method eliminates the topology change issues during practical movement and allows simulation of dynamic and time-varying behaviors of TENGs with complex 2D/3D geometries. Systematic investigations are carried out to optimize the air buffer thickness and mesh densities, and the optimized results show excellent consistency with the experimental data and results based on other existing methods. It also shows that a 3D disk-type rotating TENG can be simulated using the model, clearly demonstrating the capability and superiority of the dynamic FEM model. Moreover, the dynamic FEM model is used to optimize the shape of the tribo-material, which is used as a preliminary example to demonstrate the possibility of designing a TENG-based sensor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy-Harvesting Microsystems and Microsensors)
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